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VOL.  IV 


NO.  2 


JANUARY,    1904 


Alumni  Register 


BULLETIN  OF  THE 

STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL 

CEDAR  FALLS,  IOWA 


Issued  Quarterly.     Published  by  the  Normal  School 

Entered  at  the  Postoffice  at  Cedar  Falls, 

Iowa,  as  Second  Class  Matter. 


State  Normal  School  Bulletin 


Vol.  4  JANUARY,  1904  No.  2 


Triennial  Catalog  of  Graduates 
Historical  Accovnt 

of  the 

Several  Societies 


The  Addresses 

given  at 

The  Bartlett  Anniversary 


Iowa  State  Normal  School 


John  Cownie, 
G.  S.  Robinson, 
L.  G.  Kinne, 


STATE  BOARD  OF  CONTROL. 

South  Amana,         Term  expires  1904 

Sioux  City,  Term  expires  1906 

Des  Moines,  Term  expires  1908 


BOARD  OF  TRUSTEES. 
John  F.  Riggs,  ex-officvo,  Des  Moines,  Superintendent  of 


Public  Instruction. 
W.  W.  Montgomery, 

B.  F.  Osborn, 
I.  J.  McDuffie, 
Roger  Leavitt, 
W.  A.  Mclntire, 

C.  H.  McNider, 


Term  expires  January  1,  1906. 

Red  Oak,  Term  expires,  May  1, 

Rippey,  1904. 

Le  Mjars,  Term  expires,  May  1. 

Cedar  Falls,  1906. 

Ottumwa,  Term  expires,  May  1. 

Mason  City,  1908.     . 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  BOARD. 

John  F.  Riggs,  ex-officio,  Des  Moines,  President. 
Homer  N.  Silliman,  Cedar  Falls,  Treasurer. 
Alfred  Grundy,  Cedar  Falls,  Secretary. 


INTRODUCTORY  WORDS. 

The  Board  of  Trustees  issues  this  number  of  the  Bulletin, 
desiring  to  recognize  the  Normal  School  representatives  who  as 
graduates  constitute  a  large  and  successful  body  of  men  and 
•women  found  in  the  homes  and  the  schools  of  the  State.  The 
work  of  these  teachers  in  the  elementary  and  high  schools, 
during  the  past  twenty-seven  years,  has  had  a  large  part  in 
making  the  present  Normal  School  have  the  standard  and 
scope  that  it  possesses.  It  is  the  purpose  of  the  Board  of  Trus- 
tees to  print  this  catalog  every  three  years  unless  a  better 
plan  is.  found. 

This  Bulletin  is  arranged  in  the  following  order,  accord- 
ing to>  classes : 

1.  Names  of  Master  degree  graduates. 

2.  Names  of  Bachelor  degree  graduates. 

3.  Names  of  Elementary  Course  graduates  granted  cer- 

tificates, 1877  to  1882. 

4.  Names  of  Special  Course  graduates. 

a.  Primary  Teachers'  Course,  established  in  1895. 

b.  Reading  and  Public  Speaking  Teachers'  Course, 

established  in  1902. 

5.  Names  of  deceased  graduates  of  all  courses  so  far  as 

reported. 
It  is  a  very  difficult  matter  to<  collect  the  information  that 
is  contained  in  this  Bulletin.  Some  of  the  graduates  are  lost 
so  far  as  their  present  addresses  are  known  to  the  Normal 
School,  and  doubtless  some  are  no  more  among  the  living  and 
such  information  has  not  been  received  by  the  President  of  the 
School.  The  assistance  of  all  graduates  is  specially  desired  to 
keep  this  outside  Normal  School  a  reasonably  co-operative  or- 
ganization. 


4  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

In  addition  to  the  individual  information  thus  given,  there 
is  also  published  an  appendix,  brief  histories  of  the  following 
organizations  that  have  been  maintained  at  the  State  Normal 
School,  and  whose  work  has  naturally  been  identified  with  those 
who  are  graduates: 

1.  The  Alumnal  Association. 

2.  The  Literary  Societies. 

3.  The  Christian  Associations. 

4.  The  Athletic  Association. 

5.  The  Musical  Organizations. 

6.  The  Newman  Catholic  Association. 

In  addition  to  the  original  scope  of  this  Bulletin  as  plan- 
ned, there  are  also  added  the  remarkable  addresses  that  were 
given  in  honor  of  the  Fifty  Years'  Educational  Service  of  Pro- 
fessor Moses  Willard  Bartlett,  at  the  Normal  School,  Friday, 
January  29,  1904.  These  addresses  will  be  of  special  interest 
to  the  Alumni  as  they  are  of  a  spirit  and  contain  information 
that  is  very  near  to  their  own  experience.  Wherever  an  Iowa 
State  Normal  School  graduate  is  found,  there  is  a  citizen  who 
represents  the  high  ideals  and  the  successful  work  for  which 
Professor  Bartlett  as  a  teacher  has  been  noted.  With  the  close 
of  the  school  year  in  June,  1904,  Professor  Bartlett  withdraws 
from  active  work  as  a  member  of  the  Faculty. 


BACHELOR  OF  SCIENCE  AND  MASTER  OF 

DIDACTICS. 

For  completing  a  full  course  at  trie  Normal  School,  the  de- 
gree of  Bachelor  of  Science  was  conferred  upon  classes  from 
1880  to  1890.    From  that  time  the  degree  has  been  Master  of 

Didactics. 

Class  1880. 

Gilchrist,  Maude,  Dean  of  Woman's  Dept.,  Michigan  Agr.  Col- 
lege, Lansing,  Mich. 

McGovern,  Anna  E.,  Professor  of  Methods,  I.  S.  N.  S.,  Cedar 
Falls. 

CtASS  1 88 1. 

Benham,  Wm.  L,  Asst.  Examiner,  U.  S.  Patent  Office,  Div.  34, 

Washington  D.  C. 

Married  Hattie  A.  Cain,  August  3,  1892. 

Bond,  David  K.,  Medical  Student,  218  West  11 6th  St.,  New 
York  City. 

Married  May  E.  Davis  in  1882. 

Moyer,  Edward  T.,  Farmer,  Mitchell,  S.  Dak. 

Class  1886. 

Kraigei ,  Eleanor,  Mrs.  C.  L.  Meacham,  Ontario,  Cal. 
LL.  B.,  S.  U.  L,  '94. 
Married  August  26,  1888. 

Class  1887. 

Fields,  Albert  M.,  Bookkeeper,  Cedar  Falls  Mill  Company, 
Cedar  Falls. 

McMurray,  John  P.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Beacon. 

Ph.  B.,  '82 ;  A.  M.,  '88,  Oskaloosa  College. 

Married  Jessie  Lanning  in  1887. 

(5) 


6  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Mishler,  C.  H.,  Mt.  Morris,  111. 

Nothomb,  Henry  E.,  Attorney  at  Law,  1226  Association  Build- 
ing, Chicago,  111. 

LL.  B.,  University  of  Michigan,  '96. 
Married  Ella  A.  Hopkins,  October  5,  1898. 

Class  1888. 

Buckingham,  F.  Ella,  Mrs.  O.  B.  Chassell,  Superintendent  of 

Hardin  County  Schools,  Eldora. 

Married  September  1,  1891. 
Chassell,  Olin  B.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Steamboat  Rock. 

Married  F.  Ella  Buckingham,  September  1,  1891. 
Dick,  Geo.  S.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Red  Oak. 

Ph.  B,,  Cornell  College,  '97. 

Married  Dora  L.  Dobson,  August  30,  1888. 
Dodds,  James  P.,  Superintendent  of  Mahaska  County  Schools, 

Oskaloosa. 

Married  Clara  Sampson,  September  3,  1894. 
Edquist,  Joshua  A.,  Professor  of  Natural  Science,  St.  Peter, 

Minn. 

A.  B.,  Augustana  College,  '86;  A.  M.,  '95. 

Married  Anna  M.  Pehrson,  October  14,  1899. 
Peters,  Sarah,  Missionary,  Nankin,  China. 
Ridley,  Emma  M.,  Mrs.  C.  P.  Colgrove,  Cedar  Falls. 

Ph.  B.,  University  of  Michigan,  '92 ;  A.  M.,  Harvard  Uni- 
versity, '96. 

Married  August  29,  1899. 

Class  1889. 

Amlie,  Thos.  R.,  Teacher,  Spencer. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  L,  '94. 

Married  Evelyn  E.  Hulburt,  July  22,  1896. 
Cowan,  Isabella,  Teacher,  Rural  School,  Paullina. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  7 

Crossley,  Lillian  L.,  Principal  of  Lawn  Hill  School,  Webster 

City. 
Fullerton,  P.  G.,  Secretary  Mutual  Land  &  Loan  Co.,  Lawton, 

Okla. 

Married  Mabel  Watkins,  June  9,  1897. 
Hughes,  Elizabeth,  Critic  Teacher,  I.  S.  N.  S.  Training  School, 

Cedar  Falls. 
Leader,  Pauline  M.,  Physician,  Hospital,  Clarinda. 

M.  D.,  S.  U.  I.,  '94. 
Patterson,  W.  R.,  Registrar,  Tenement  House  Department,  61 

Irving  Place,  New  York  City. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '95 ;  Ph.  D.,  University  of  Pennsylvania, 

'98. 

Married  Lizzie  Rebecca  Wallace,  June  11,  1902. 

Class  1890. 

Ainsworth,  Minnie  A.,  Mrs.  E.  B.  Wilson,  High  School  Prin- 
cipal, Carroll. 
Married  June  10,  1892. 

Anderson,  Nellie  F.,  Vincent. 

Ph.  B.,  University  of  Michigan,  '97. 

Ardrews,  Lillie  M.,  Mrs.  Rolla  S.  Farnsworth,  Lecturer,  Og- 
den,  Utah. 
Married  in  1897. 

Beard,  John  A.,  with  Capital  City  Gas  Light  Co.,  Des  Moines. 
Married  Anna  E.  Wright,  December  25,  1888. 

Bender,  Wilbur  H.,  Supervisor  of  Advanced  Training  Depart- 
ment, I.  S.  N.  S.,  Cedar  Falls. 
Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  L,  '95. 

Cunningham,  Maggie  L.,  Primary  Teacher,  Fort  Dodge. 

Felmley,  Albert  E.,  Hardware  Merchant,  106  14th  Ave.,  N. 
Seattle,  Wash. 
Married  Mabel  Strother,  May  22,  1894. 


8  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Fullerton,  Chas.  A.,  Director  of  Vocal  Music,  I.  S.  N.  S.,  Ce- 
dar Falls. 

Married  Alma  Gray,  June  23,  1897. 
Funk,  Emma  L.,  High  School  Teacher,  Independence. 
Hearst,  Helen,  Mrs.  Frank  L,  Hammer,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married  January  3,  1894. 
Hearst,  Will  L.,  Physician  and  Surgeon,  Cedar  Falls. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I,  '95;  M.  D.,  '97. 

Married  Jennie  E.  Curtis,  May  28,  1902. 
Plummer,  Lucy  E.,  Cedar  Falls. 
Roland,  M.  O.,  General  Agent  Equitable  Life  Insurance  Co., 

Harlan. 

Married  Mary  R.  Whrte,  December  29,  1891. 
Simmons,  Luella  V.,  Teacher  of  German,  Chicago  Heights, 

111. 

B.  S.,  Perm  College,  '90. 

Class  1891. 
Aurner,  C.  Ray,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Tipton. 

Ph.  B.,  S,  U.  L,  '03. 

Married  Nellie  Slayton,  July  2,  1896. 
Clute,  Helen  F.,  High  School  Teacher,  Winona,  Minn. 

Ph.  B.,  University  of  Michigan,  '99. 
Cowan,  Agnes  ML,  Paullina. 
Cunningham,  Matt  C,  Attorney  at  Law,  Highmore,  S.  Dak. 

B.  A,  S.  U.  I.,  '93 ;  LL.  B.,  '96, 
Engel,  Bertha  L.,  Primary  Teacher,  Elmhurst,  111. 
Engel,  E.  Olga,  Stenographer,  Marion,  Ind. 
Francis,  Bruce,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Williamsburg. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '96. 

Married  Ella  Flater,  December  27,  1892. 

Leech,  Lillie  J.,  11 18  W.  Ninth  St.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

B.  S.,  Parsons  College,  '88;  Ph.B.,  Chicago  Univ.,  '99. 

Lizer,  Horatio  B.,  Editor  Progress-Review,  La  Porte  City. 
Married  Mary  A.  Fenner,  June  2^,  1898. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  9 

Mason,  Oscar  H.  L.,  Pastor  of  Presbyterian  Church,  Boone. 

A.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '91;  A.  M.,  '93. 
Married  Dora  Reno. 

McCausland,  Carrie  A. 

B.  S.,  Simpson  College,  '89. 

Milliman,  Miaude  E.,  Mrs.  C.  H.  Cochran,  Boulder,  Colo. 

Married  in  1898. 
Moffett,  Lambert  B.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Oelwein. 

Married  Gertrude  J.  Hale,  August  26,  1891. 
Mbore,  Minnie  M.,  Teacher  of  English,  High  School,  626  N. 

Maine  St.,  Santa  Ana,  Cal. 

Ph.  B.,  University  of  Michigan,  '98. 
Morris,  Thomas  B.,   Superintendent  of  Schools,   Correction- 

ville. 
Peterson,  Paul,  Manager  Danish  Lutheran  Pub.  House,  Blair, 

Neb. 

Married  Emma  Jorgensen, -April  8,  1895. 
Russell,  Agnes,  Mrs.  Robert  C.  Stirton,  Monticello. 

Married  January  25,  1893. 
Schroeder,  John  H. 
Shaw,  Ida  E.,  Mrs.  Chas.  A.  Frederick,  Teacher,  Bostonia, 

San  Diego,  Cal. 

B.  S.,  University  of  Michigan,  '98. 

Married  August  25,  1898. 
Skiff,  David  L.,  Farmer,  Milford. 

Married  Bessie  Nichols,  August  18,  1892. 
Stuart,  Mary  O.,  Assistant  Librarian,   City  Library,   Cedar 

Falls. 

Class  1892. 

Adams,  Romanzo  C,  Professor  of  Sociology  and  Education, 
705  Chestnut  St.,  Reno,  Nev. 
Ph.  M.,  University  of  Michigan,  '98. 
Married  Nellie  Cronk,  September  16,  1902. 


10  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Belz,  John  F.,  Farmer,  Cedar  Falls. 
Carr,  Pearl  O.,  Mrs.  Henry  A.  Garrison. 

Married  June  19,  1894. 
Crary,  E.  Avery,  Attorney  at  Law,  Grundy  Center. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.',  '95;  IX.  B.,  '97. 

Married  Gertrude  E.  Miner,  September  20,  1899. 
Cunningham,  Bridgie,  Cedar  Falls. 
Ferris,  Finette,  Teacher,  College  for  Blind,  Vinton. 
Franklin,   Arthur   C, Superintendent   Pearl   Button   Factory, 

Muscatine. 
Franklin,  Louisa  A.,  Seventh  Grade  Teacher,  Muscatine. 
Hammerly,  Clyde  C. 

Married  Shirley  Morrell. 
Hearst,  Mamie.     Assistant  in  English  Grammar,  I.  S.  N.  S., 

Cedar  Falls. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '99. 
Huggett,  J.  Percival,  Pastor  First  Congregational  Church,  Ce- 
dar Rapids. 

Ph.  B.,  S,  U.  I.,  '03. 

Married  Annie  Lees,  July  26,  1895. 
Kearwille,  Elizabeth,  Mfrs.  Geo.  A.  Moore,  521  West  123  St., 

New  York  City.    Ph.  B,,  S.  U.  I.,  '98. 

Married  August  22,  1900. 
Mathes,  George,  Farmer,  Cedar  Falls. 
McLaughlin,  Jesse  L.,  M.  E.  Missionary,  Manila,  P.  I. 

A.  B.,  Cornell  College,  '96;  A.  M.,  Boston  University,  'oi. 

Married  Myrtle  Ward,  August  13,  1899. 
Morris,  Ella,  Milliner,  Cedar  Falls. 
Olmstead,  Geo.  H.,  Right  of    Way    and  Tax    Agent,  Great 

Northern  Ry.,  Grand  Forks,  N.  Dak. 

Married  Maggie  J.  Wilkinson,  April  7,  1897. 
Overman,  Eunice,  City  Librarian,  Cedar  Falls. 
Polley,  May  E.,  Teacher,  Philippine  Islands. 
Rhodes,  Daniel,  Real  Estate  Agent,  Fort  Dodge. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  11 

Thomas;,  Samuel  L.,  Physical  Science  Teacher,  Council  Bluffs. 

Married  Nora  B.  Alsers,  June  21,  1894. 
Thompson,  Geo.  F. 

M.  S.,  S.  U.  I.,  '98. 
Wilson,  W.  Walter,  Farmer,  Stanhope.     ■ 

A.  B.,  S.  U.  L,  '94. 

Mjarried  S.  Sophie  Keeler,  March  1,  1898. 
Winget,  Clara,  Mrs.  Ray  Keeler,  Lake  View. 

Married  December  26,  1895. 
Wyant,  Elizabeth,  Teacher  of    English,  State    Agr.  College, 

Logan,  Utah. 

Ph.  B.,  University  of  Michigan,  '99. 
Zerwekh,  Florence  A.,  Mrs.  J.  Allen  Gilbert,  448  Sixth  St., 

Portland,  Ore. 

A.  B.,  S,  U.  I.,  '97;  A.  M.,  Harvard  University,  '00. 
Married  June  26,  1901. 

Class  1893. 
Anderson,  Theodore. 

Andrews,  Lewis  H.,  Teacher,  Grimes. 

Arey,  Rodney  M.,  High  School  Principal,  Muscatine. 

B.  S.,  S.  U.  L,  '96. 

Married  Lena  Rownd,  January  4,  1899. 
Bartine,  Chas.  W. 

Married  Grace  M.  Suiter,  June  28,  1899. 
Bartine,  Wm.  W.,  Physician  and  Surgeon,  Rock  Rapids. 

M.  D.,  N.  W.  University  Medical  School,  '98. 

Married  Ora  E.  Frost,  June  14,  1900. 
Bechley,  Mary  E.,  High  School  Teacher,  Guthrie  Center. 
Belz,  Jacob  O.,  Soil  Expert,  Bureau  of  Soils,  Washington,  D. 

C. 

Ph.  B,  S.  U.  L,  'oo. 
Berner,  Wm.  F.,  Physician,  Mlerrill. 

M.  D.,  N.  W.  University  Medical  School,  '97. 

Married  Hannah  Bubeck,  August  27,  1902. 


12  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Chapman,  Leslie  A.  L,  ist  Lieut,  ist  U.  S.  Cavalry,  Fort  Leav- 
enworth, Kan. 

Married  Gertrude  Boynton,  December  i,  1898. 
Evans,  Emma  L.,  Teacher,  Philippine  Islands. 
Fields,  Chas.  A.,  Farmer,  Cedar  Falls. 
Fields,  Isabella,  Mrs.  James  Clayton,  Rowley. 

Married  May,  1899. 
Frederick,  Chas.  A.,  Craftonville,  Cal. 

Ph.  B.,  Chicago  University,  '98. 

Married  Ida  E.  Shaw,  August  25,  1898. 
Guthridge,  Walter,  Doctor  of  Osteopathy,  Corning,  N.  Y. 

D.  O.,  Still  College,  '02. 
Hill,  Bertha,  Mrs.  John  L.  Strow,  Fort  Dodge. 

Married  November  27,  1895. 
Lees,  Annie,  Mrs.  J.  Percival  Huggett,  Cedar  Rapids. 

Married  July  26,  1895. 
Loonan,  Mae,  Mrs.  T.  U.  McManus,  Waterloo. 

Married  August  23,  1898, 
McManus,  Thos.  U.,  Physician,  Waterloo. 

A.  B.,  Des  Moines  College,  '95 ;  M.  D.,  University  of  Ill- 
inois Medical  School,  '98. 

Married  Mae  Loonan,  August  23,  1898. 
Miller,  Frank  G.,  Head  of  Department  of  Forestry,  State  Uni- 
versity of  Nebraska,  Lincoln. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '00;  B.  S.  A.,  Iowa  State  College,  '01. 
Moore,  Harry,  Traveling  Salesman  for  Houghton,  Mifflin  Co. 

Waterloo. 
Shaw,  Hattie  B.,  Mrs.  Gilbert  S.  Fox. 

Married  January  9,  1894. 
Smith,  J.  Everett., 

Married  Mae  B.  Cowgill,  August  7,  1901. 
Thorburn,  A.  L.,  Farmer,  Webster. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '99. 

Married  Grace  Root,  June  10,  1896. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  13 

Tuttle,  Stella,  Webster  City. 

B.  S.,  S.  U.  I.  'oo. 
Westfall,  Augusta. 
Wilson,  Mary  J.,  Mrs.  Jas.  E.  Fitzgerald,  Sioux  City. 

Married  June  23,  1896. 

Class  1894. 

Earnell,  Youell  G.,  Real  Estate  Dealer,  Cedar  Rapids. 
Bishop,  Bertha,  Assistant  Superintendent,  Samaritan  Hospital, 

Sioux  City. 
Blackmar,   H.   E).,   Supt.   of   Schools,   Emmetsburg 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '03. 

Married  Mary  K.  Fluke,  January  1,  1895. 
Brayton,  Henrietta,  Student,  Leland  Stanford  Junior  Univer- 
sity, California. 
Byers,  John  Raoul,  Insurance  Agent,  Parker,  South  Dakota. 

Married  Ella  M.  Thompson,  June  16,  1898. 
Cameron,  John  E.,  High  School  Teacher,  Cedar  Rapids. 

B.  S.,  Lenox  College,  '92;  M.  S.,  '95;  B.  S.,  S.  U.  L,  '95. 
Clayton,  Joseph  E.,  Superintendent    of    Schools,    Hamburg. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  L,  '98. 

Married  Ivah  G.  Blank,  January  2,  1896. 
Crane,  Ezra  E. 

B.  A.,  S.  U.  I.,  '97. 
Cunningham,  Harriet  A.,  Cashier  and  Bookkeeper,  Anamosa. 
Curtis,  Geo.  W.,  Jr.,  Lumber  Dealer,  Omaha,  Neb. 

Married  Ida  Patterson. 
Farrington,  Ella  A.,  Mrs.  Jas.  D.  McNair,  Wessington,  S.  D. 

Married   September  17,  1894. 
Fellingham,  John  H.,  Gen'l  Sec'y  R.  R.  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  Mar- 

shalltown. 

Ph.  B,  S.  U.  L,  '00. 

Married  Laura  Lavinia  Marsh,  January  5,  1899. 


14  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Fesenbeck,  Ida,  Critic  Teacher,  I.  S.  N.  S.  Training  School, 

Cedar  Falls, 

A.  B,  S.  U.  L,  'oo. 
Fluke,  Mary  K.,  Mrs.  H.  E.  Blackmar,  Emmetsburg. 

Married  January  i,   1895. 
Gilchrist,  Elizabeth,  Walker. 
Harrington,  Matilda,  Latin  Teacher,  Dubuque. 

A.  B.,  v ■diversity  of  Michigan,  '98. 

Harvey,  Oliver  M.,  Attorney  at  Law,  Livingston,  Mont. 

Married  Frances  A.  Tutton,  August  7,  1901. 
Humphrey,   Maude,   Mrs.  A.   Palmer,   Maquoketa. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '98. 

Married  June  18,  1902. 
Hursey,  Geo.  W.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Upland,  Cab 

B.  S.,  Iowa  State  College,  '93. 
Married  Cora  Learned,  July  27,  1898. 

Keeler,  S.  Sophie,  Mrs.  W.  Walter  Wilson,  Stanhope. 

Married  March  1,  1898. 
Laird,  Fannie  K.,  Mrs.  Chas.  F.  Oliver,  South  Omaha,  Neb. 

Married  February  22,  1899. 
Magee,  Carlton  C,  Manager  Correspondence  Agriculture  Col- 
lege, Sioux  City,  1904,  Residence  Albuquerque,  N.  M. 

Married  Grace  G.  Griffin,  December  26,  1895. 
Maguire,    Marie   Ella,    Mrs.    Richard    L.    Wilson,    Colorado 

Springs,  Colo. 

B.  A,  S.  U.  I.,  '96. 

Married  September  10,  1896. 
Marsh,  Vinnie  L.,  Mrs.  J.  H.  Fellingham,  Marshalltown. 

Married  January  5,  1899. 
MlcAlvin,  Jas.  Gregg,  Physician  and  Surgeon,    Cedar    Falls, 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '96;  M.  D,  '97. 

Married  Clara  Hearst,  June  7,  1898. 
Neely,  Edith,  Mrs.  R.  C.  McConnell,  Monmouth,  111. 

Married  December,  1894. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  15 

Northey,  Delia  F.,  Dubuque. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '98. 
Rule,  Carrie  C,  Des  Moines. 
Schwertley,  Katherine,  Student,  University  of  Neb.,  Lincoln, 

Nebraska. 
Scott,  Mary,  Mrs.  F.  D.  McRae,  Blue  Earth,  Minn. 

Married  June  n,  1895. 
Smith,  Lucie,  Mrs.  Forest  C.  Ensign,  Council  Bluffs. 

Married  December  29,  1896. 
Smith,  Mary  H.,  High  School  Assistant,  East  Palestine,  O. 
Smith,  Samuel  Craig,  Attorney  at  Law,  Winterset. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  L,  '96;  LL.  B.,  '97. 

Married  Myrtle  Dabney,  December  20,  1899. 
Thielen,  Michael  H.,  Physician  and  Surgeon,  Grundy  Center. 

M  D.,  S.  U.  I.,  '98. 

Married  Anna  Hansen,  January  10,  1899. 
Tibbetts,   Zuba.,   Mrs.   Edward  H.   Harvey,   Grade  Teacher, 

Liberal,  Mo. 

Married  December  30,  1903. 
Wescott,  LeRoy  A.,  Physician,  Cherokee. 

M.  D.,  S.  U.  I.,  '01. 
Whitmore,  Clara  B.,  House  Physician,  St.  Joseph's  Hospital, 

Sioux  City. 

B.  A.,  S.  U.  I.,  '00;  M.  D., '03. 
Wild,  Matilda  A.,  Private  Nurse,  71  E.  34th  Place,  Chicago, 

Illinois. 
Wilson,  Adam  M.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Bald  Mountain,  Colo. 

Married  Beth  Huntley,  August  7,  1895. 
Wilson,  Richard  L.,  Ticket  Broker,  Colorado' Springs,  Colo. 

Married  Marie  E.  Maguire,  September  10,  1896. 
Younkin,  Samuel,  Lumber  Dealer,  Washington. 

Married  Abbie  R.  Gunn,  September  23,  1896. 


16  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Class  1895. 

Arey,(  Ethel  L.,  Assistant  Librarian,  I.  S.  N.  S.,  Cedar  Falls. 
Asquith,  Allie  D.,  Mrs.  Chas.  Benson,  Instructor  in  Western 

Iowa  Business  College,  Council  Bluffs. 

Married  December  27,  1899. 
Boss,  Clara  A.,  Principal  of  High  School,  Ames. 
Boyle,  John  W.,  Farmer,  Palouse,  Wash. 
Clark,  Eugene  Grant,  Principal  of  Schools,  Peterson. 

Married  Nettie  M!.  Colby,  August  15,  1900. 
•Copeland,  Edwin  G.,  Pastor  M.  E.  Church,  Kenwood  Park. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '98;  S.  T.  B.,  Boston  University  School 

of  Theology,  '02. 

Married  May  Houser,  September  12,  190 1. 
Curtis,  Edith  H.,  Assistant  Principal,  Galva. 
Ensign,  Forest  C,  Principal  of  High  School,  Council  Bluffs. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  L,  '97;  M.  A.,  '00. 

Married  Lucie  M.  Smith,  December  29,  1896. 
Fackler,  J.  T.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Norwood,  Colo. 

Ph.  B.,  Cornell  College,  '99. 
Faris,  Ina  M. 
Felmley,  Mabel,  Mrs.  S.    E.    Yaggy,  East    Moriches,    Long 

Island,  New  York. 

Married  December  14,  1898. 
Fitzgerald,  Jas.   E.,   Principal  of  Ward  School,   Sioux  City. 

Married  Mary  J.  Wilson,  June  23,  1896. 
Fullerton,  Robert,  Instructor  in  Harmony  and  Musical  His- 
tory, and  Director  of  Women's  Glee  Clubs,  I.  S.  N.  S., 

Cedar  Falls. 

Married  Ella  Waters,  June  14,  1900. 
Gilbert,  Ellis  T.,  Teacher  Douglass  County,  Neb,,  202  N.  8th 

St.,  Council  Bluffs. 

B.  S.,  Iowa  State  College,  '92. 

Married  Viola  Baxter,  July  16,  1895. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  17 

Hollis,  Harlan  R.,  Farmer,  Hudson. 

Married  Mary  E.  Taylor,  January  4,  1898. 
Hudson,  Nellie  F.,  Principal  Lowell  School,  Boone. 
Krieg,  Eimelie,  Teacher,  Austinville. 
Kuehne,  C.  F.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Radcliffe. 

Married  Hattie  J.  Palmer,  August  21,  1895. 
Larkin,  Emma  C,  High  School  Assistant,  Rolfe. 
Leonard,  Edward  J.,  Farmer,  Sugar  Grove  Farm,  Waukee. 

Married  Zilla  Miller,  August  28,  1899. 
Lewis,  Chas.  Levi,  Furniture  Dealer,  Kanawha, 

Ph.  B.,  S,  U.  L,  '99. 

Married  Margaret  Vikingstad,  August  18,  1901. 
Mack,  Minnie,  Mrs.  A.  S.  Gabrilson,  New  Hampton. 

Married  August  26,  1896. 
Miller,  Andrew  J. 
Miinkel,  Lewis  H.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  La  Porte  City. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  L,  '02. 

Married  Minnie  A.  Edwards,  June  30,  1903. 
Mueller,  Herman  A.,  Auditor  of  Madison  County,  Winter  set. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '99. 
Oleson,  Ole  N.,  Pastor  of  M.  E.  Church,  Elliott,  S.  D. 

A.  B.,  S.  U.  L,  '98. 

Married  Lulu  A.  Gates,  October  3,  1901. 
Patterson,  'Cora  D.,  Seventh  Grade  Teacher,  1364  4th  East  St., 

Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 
Perkins,    Daniel  R.,     Teacher    of    Physics,    Normal    School, 

Manila,  Philippine  Islands. 
Rail,  Edward  E.,  High  School  Principal,  Red  Oak. 

B.  A.,  S.  U,  I.,  'oo;  Ph.  D.,  Yale  University,  '03. 
Randlett,  Gordon  W. 

Married  Emma  Pitts,  June  22,  1898. 
Reever,  Wm.  H.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Laurens. 
Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '97. 
Married  Agnes  T.  Woods,  December  26,  1900. 


18  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Ripke,  Mary  H.,  Mrs,  G.  A.  Wild,  Santa  Monica,  Cal. 

Married  November  £7,  1897. 
Savage,  Harry  H.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Denison. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '00. 

Married  Linnie  A.   Downs,  August  8,    1900. 
Snider,  Wm.  E.,  Pastor  Livingston  Circuit  of  M.  E.  Church, 

Livingston,  Mont. 

Married  Agnes  B.  Lane,  April  3,  1900. 
Stinson,  Chas.  E.,  Pastor  M;.  E.  Church,  Wellington,  Mass. 

Ph.  B.,  Cornell  College,  '98. 
Stock  well,  Steven  S.,   Principal  of  Normal  School  of  State 

University  of  Wyoming,  Laramie,  Wyo. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  'op. 

Married  Erma  L.  Mbntillon,  August  26,  1903. 
Tool,  Cassius  E.,  Merchant,  Edmund,  Okla. 

Married  Myrtle  Bell,  July,  1895. 
Woods,  Frank  C. 

Married  Etta  L.  Brooks,  July  14,  1896. 

Class  1896. 

Arey,  Amy,  Critic  Teacher,  Primary  Training  School,  I.  S. 

N.  S.,  Cedar  Falls. 

Ph.  B.,  Iowa  College,  '99. 
Beard,  Bertha,  M.  E.  Missionary,  Nan  Chang,  China. 
Blodgett,  Chas.  E,,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Logan. 

A.  B.,  Wesleyan  University,  '95 ;  A.  M.,  '98. 

Married  Irene  R.  Osgood,  December  26,  1900. 
Bronson,  Edwin  O.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Dunlap. 

Married  Claudia  Robison,  August  15,  1899. 
Bryan,  Luther  C,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Rockwell  City. 
Burgess,  Elizabeth,  438  W.  5th  St.,  Pomona,  Cal. 
Burris,  Walter  G.,  Publisher    Educational    Specialties,    Val- 
paraiso, Ind. 

Married  Emma  F.  Manker,  February  25,  1903. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  19 

Clark,  Florence  Lillian,  Practicing-  Law,  Washington,  D.  C. 

B.  L.,  Washington  College  of  Law,  '03. 
Edwards,  Minna  A.,  Mrs.  L.  H.  Minkel,  La  Porte  City. 

Married  June  30,  1903. 
Hansen,  S.   Stena,  Teacher  of  Mathematics,    High    School, 

Washington. 
Johnson,  J.  Ed.,  Traveling  Salesman. 
Johnson,  Lillie,  Sixth  Grade  Teacher,  611  Water  St.,  Albert 

Lea,  Minn. 
Johnson,  Nellie,  High  School  Teacher,  Belle  Plaine. 
Locke,  Chas.  E.,  Teacher,    Commercial    High    School,    City 

Schools,  618  Grant  Bldg.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

Ph.  B.,  Western  College,  '99. 
Lyon,  Willard  H.,  Attorney  at  Law,  Pella. 

LL.  B.,  University  of  Michigan,  '02. 
Mackin,  Margaret  E. 
McElmeel,  Owen  P.,  Attorney  at  Law. 
McManus,  O.  J.,  Superintendent    of    Pottawattamie  County 

Schools,  Council  Bluff's. 

Married  Florence  Baker,  July  25,  1900. 

Monroe,  Edgar  R.,  Farmer,  Exline. 

Morrison,  Bertha  C,  Student,  Theological  School,  7 7  Myrtle 
St.,  Boston,  Mass. 

A.  B.,  Simpson  College,  '8i. 

Rogers,  Earl  B.,  Intern.,  Cook  County  Hospital,  Chicago,  111. 

B.  S.,  S.  U.  I.,  '00;  M.  D.,  N.  W.  Univ.  Medical  School, 
'02. 

Married  Marie  T.  Gnam,  November  27,  1902. 
Saunders,  Jas.  C,  Principal  of  Schools,  Rockford. 

B.  S-,  Western  College,  '95. 
Shaffer,    Fannie,    Fifth   Grade  Teacher,   925    19th   St.,    Des 

Moines. 

Sheean,  Jennie  W.,  Seventh  Grade  Teacher,  Galena,  111. 

Singer,  Anna  M.,  Instructor  in  German  and  English  Grammar, 
Marion. 


20  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Sitler,  Anna  L. 

Steele,  Harriet. 

Stein,  Harry  S.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Danbury. 

Thompson,  Harry  E.,  Draftsman,  Three  Rivers,  Mich. 

M.  E.,  Cornell  University,  '02. 
Tool,  Mrs.  Myrtle  Bell,  Edmund,  Neb. 
Torney,  Samuel  J.,  Physician,  Stacy ville. 

M.  D.,  College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons,  '00. 
Walker,  T.  S.,  Manager  of  Stock  Farm,  Whiting. 

B.  S.,  Iowa  Wesleyan  University,  '99. . 

Married  Marion  McFarland,  September  22,  1897. 
Weldy,   Morton   E.,   Law   Student,   Harvard   University,   49 

College  House,  Cambridge,  Mass, 

A.  B,  S,  U.  I.,  '99. 

Weldy,  Nellie  E.,  Mrs.  W.  A.  Sexsmith,  New  Sharon. 
Married  August  18,  1900. 

Welty,  Ira  C,  Superintendent  of  Story  County  Schools,  Ne- 
vada. 

Ph.  B,  S.  U.  L,  '98. 
Married  Florence  Kaufman,  July  6,  1899. 

Wilson,  John  A.,  Real  Estate  Agent,  Spokane,  Wash. 

Wyant,  Richard  M.,  Pastor  Mi.  E.  Church,  Lansing. 

Class  1897. 

Brundage,  Blaine  R.,  Cashier  in  Bank,  Tishomingo,  Ind.  Ter. 
Married  Mamie  E.  Bissell,  June  6,  1900. 

Button,  H.  Eugene,  Lawyer,  Alden. 
LL.  B.,  Drake  University,  '99. 
Married  Jean  C.  Bassett,  March  17,  1894. 

Calderwood,  Ruby  E.,  Mrs.  Elmer  Wood,  Moulton. 
Married  August  19,  1903. 

Clark,  Anna  L.,  Practicing  Law,  504  E  St.,  N.  W.,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 

B.  L.,  Washington  College  of  Law,  '03. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  21 

Clayton,  Chas.  E. 

Curtis,  Grace  E.,  Student,  State  Normal  School,  1524  Eighth 

Ave.,  Greeley,  Colo. 
Davis,  Charlotte  M.,  High  School  Assistant,  Oar  ion. 
Davis,  Deborah,  Principal  of  High  School,  Estherville. 
Dodds,  Calvin  S.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Monona. 
Dougan,  Archie  M.,  Ranchman,  Plankington,  S.  D. 
Elwood,  Ralph  A.,  Centerville. 

Groves,  Ada  Dell,  High  School  Teacher,  E.  Des  Moines. 
Huey,  Elizabeth,   Mrs.  W.   S.  Calderwood,   Rouleau,  Assa., 

Canada. 

Married  January  1,  1902. 
Hunt,  Percival,  Teacher  of  English  Literature,  S.  U.  I.,  Iowa 

City. 

B.  A.,  S.  U.  I.,  'oi. 
Johnson,  Chas  F.,  Gen'l  Sec'y  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  Des  Moines, 

Married  Myrtle  A.  Boardman,  June  6,  1900. 
Johnson,  Joseph  O.,  Student,  S.  U.  L,  Iowa  City. 
Kelley,    J.    Herbert,    President    of    University    Preparatory. 

School,  Tonkawa,  Okla. 

B.  S.,  Cornell  College,  '00. 
Kennedy,  May  L.,  Mrs,  A.  O.  Christopher,  Fairfield. 

Married  May  23,  1899., 
Kirby,  Joseph  M.,  Teacher,  Longmont,  Colo. 
Kyler,  Wm.  E.,  Cashier,  German  Bank,  Luverne. 

Married  Nella  Niver,  June  18,  1902. 
Lambert,  Byron  J.,  Assistant  Instructor,  Engineering  Dept, 

S.  U.  L,  Iowa  City. 

Married  Helen  Davidson,  November  8,  1902. 
Lambert,  Chas.  I.,  Assistant  Instructor  in  Bacteriology  and 

Pathology,  and  Assistant  Surgeon,  S.  U.  I.,  Iowa  City. 

M.  S,,  S.  U.  I,  'oj;  M.  D.,  '03. 
Lambert,  Emma,  Student,  S.  U.  I.,  Iowa  City. 


22  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Lambert,  John  J.,  Instructor  in  Animal  Morphology  and  Phy- 
siology, S.  U.  L,  Iowa  City. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  L,  '99. 

Married  Gertrude  Bennett,  August  22,  1900. 
Larkin,   Chas.  W.,  Teacher  in  Mt.   Pleasant  Academy,  Mt. 

Pleasant. 

M.  S.,  Iowa  Wesleyan  University,  '91. 
Lees,  Jas.  Henry,  Student  and  Fellow  in  Geology,  University 

of  Chicago,  Chicago,  111. 

B.  A.,  Coe  College,  '01 ;  M.  S.,  S.  U.  I.,  '02. 
Leonard,  Norman  M.,  Farmer,  Waukee. 

Married  Jennie  M.  Hewitt,  June  16,  1901. 
Mack,  Florence,  Mrs.  W.  A.  Farr,  Nashua. 

Married  February  8,  1899. 
Minkel,  Robert  H.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Omemee,  N.  D. 
Mitchell,  Maggie  J.,  High  School  Assistant,  Hartley. 
Moore,  Lina  H.,  High  School  Teacher,   Stuart. 

A.  B.,  S.  U.  I. 
Mulinex,  Chase  E.,  Farmer,  Lisbon,  N.  D. 

Married  Jennie  Johnson,  December  17,  1902. 
Nelson,  E.  C. 

M]arried  Julia  Nielsen,  August,  1899. 
Otis,  Caroline,  High  School  Assistant,  Lake  Mills. 
Park,  Elmer,  Gen'l  Sec'y  of  Associated  Charities,  Keokuk. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  L,  '00. 

Married  Bertha  Helwig,  June  17,  1902. 
Randall,  Otis,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Charkston,  Wash. 

Married  Elizabeth  Haner,  December  30,  1903. 
Rhoad,  Maud  R. 
Robinson,  Etta  A.,  Mrs.  Edward  I.  Cantine,  45  Watson  Ave., 

East  Orange,  N.  J. 

Married  August  7,   1901. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  23 

Sandy,  Wm.  R..,  Superintendent  of  Calhoun  County  Schools, 
Rockwell  City. 
Married  Maude  F.  Anderson,  July  25,  1900. 

Shaffer,  Carl  J.,  Physician,  Carson. 
ML  D.,  S.  U.  I,  '03. 

Shaffer,  Pearl  M.,  First  Lieutenant,  13th  U.  S.  Infantry,  In- 
structor  Military  Science  and  Tactics,  K.  S.,  A.  C,  Man- 
hattan, Kansas. 

Sparks,  Wm.,  Principal  of  State  Reform  School,  Salem,  Ore. 

Sparr,  Rosa  E.,  Grade  Teacher,  Sioux  City.  ...... 

Sullivan,  Grace,  Primary  Teacher,  Des  Moines. 

Wyant,  Bertha  V.,  Teacher  in  High  School,  Sigourney. 

Class  1898. 

Anderson,  J.  H. 

Married  Matilda  O.  Kiel,  December  26,  1898. 
Bechly,   Edward,   Newpaper  Work,   Muscatine. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '01. 
Bowen,  Lizzie,  Primary  Teacher,  Dubuque. 
Brewer,  Ida  Mae,  Teacher  of  Latin,  High  School,  Eagle  Grove. 
Burrell,  Clarence  J.,  Railway  Postal  Clerk,  Jesup. 

B.  S.,  U.  I.  U.,  '94. 
Calderwood,  Etta,  Mrs.  Paul  F.  Cooper,  211  Oklahoma  Ave. 

S.,  Shawnee,  Okla. 

Married  July  12,  1899. 
Cooper,  Morris  M.,  Industrial  Teacher,  Chemawa,  Ore. 
Crocker,  Edwin  P.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Rock  Valley. 
Curkeet,  Rena  M.,  Instructor  Instrumental  Music,  I.  S.  N.  S., 

Cedar  Falls. 
Curtis,  Cora  G.,  Student,  S.  U.  I.,  Iowa  City. 
Fuller,  MertonL.,  Assistant  Weather  Bureau  Observer,  Spring- 
field, 111. 

Married  Nancy  Golden,  August  2,  1901. 
Fullerton,   Frank  N. 


24  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Haroldson,  Ida,  Teacher,  Spirit  Lake. 
Hollis,  Edward  L.,  Physician,  Luverne. 

M.  D.,  Hahnemann  Medical  College,  '03. 
Jaynes,  Manning-,  Medical  Student,  S.  U.  L,  409  E.  Jefferson 

St.,  Iowa  City. 
Kamphoefner,   Chas  H.,  Pastor  M.   E.   Church,  Wall  Lake. 

A.  B.,  Wesleyan  University,  '95 ;  A.  M.,  '98. 

Married  Amelia  Leveke,  September  1,  1898. 
Landis,  Maude.  . 

Leydig,  Ida  F.,  Superintendent  of  Butler  County  Schools,  Alli- 
son. 
Longstreth,  O.  D.,  Student,  S.  U.  I.,  105  N.  Capitol  St.,  Iowa 

City. 

Married  Mamie  Bast,  November  30,  1900. 
Lyon,  Chas.  W.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Valley  Junction. 

LL.  B.,  '02 ;  LL.  M.,  '03,  Drake  University. 

Married  Grace  Minnis,  August  14,  1901. 
Manson,  Almon  A. 
Meyerholz,  Charles,  Graduate  Student,  Harvard  University, 

Cambridge,  Mass. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  t;  '02 ;  A.  M.,  '03., 
Miller,  Evelyn,  Principal  of  High  School,  Cedar  Falls. 
Mo  wry,  Fannie  May,  Eighth  Grade  Teacher,   1208  7th  St. 

S.  E.,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 
Mowry,  Jason  L.,  Ventura,  Cal. 

Nichelson,  Arthur  M.,  Insurance  Agent,  Sioux  Center. 
Reese,  Emma  L.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Ralston. 
Shultis,  Frank  W.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Keswick. 
Sloss,  Jeanette  V. 

Swaggart,  L.  B.,  Principal  of  Central  Bldg.,  Boise  City,  Idaho. 
Thompson,  Janie  K.,  Mrs.  Frank  Graham,  Clarksville. 
TYoutner,   Celia  Grace,   Teacher  of  Natural    Science,    High 

School,  913  W.  8th  St.,  Des  Moines. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  25 

Vance,  Joe  E.,  Superintendent  of  Linn  County  Schools,  Cedar 
Rapids. 
Married  Jennie  Belle  Krebs,  December  26,  1901. 

Class  1899. 

Arnett,  Susie. 

Ballard,  Geo.  H.,  Graduate  Student,  S.  U.  I.,  Iowa  City. 

Barnt,  Jessie  M,.  Mrs.  J.  R.  Lucas,  Rockwell  City. 

Married  June  10,  1903. 
Bartlett,  Edward  C,  Pastor  M.  E.  Church,  Guttenberg. 

Married  Cora  A.  Snider,  November  14,  1900. 
Bell,  William  B.     B.  A.,  S.  U.  I,  '02 ;  M.  S,  '03. 
Bell,  Willis  J.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Alta. 
Boardman,  Benjamin,  Principal  of  Schools,  Shelby. 

Ph.  B.,  S,  U.  I.,  '01. 

Married  Faith  I.  Stuntz,  August  18,  1903. 
Bozarth,  Maud,  High  School  Teacher,  Charles  City. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '03. 
Bridges,  Wm.  H.,   Real  Estate  Dealer,   Fonda. 
Bronson,  Frank  A.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Lakota,  N.  D. 
Bushyager,  Lizzie,  Teacher,  Rural  School,  Sheffield. 
Calderwood,  Mae,  Traer. 
Ede,  Ernest  D.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Center ville,  S.  D. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  L,  '01. 
Eighmey,  Edith  M.,  High  School  Teacher,  Storm  Lake. 
Ellison,  John  H.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Soldier,  Idaho. 
Ensign,  Chas.  T.,  Pastor  M.  E.  Church,  Aplington. 

B.  A.,  Cornell  College,  '02. 
Waller,  Mary  Ethel,  Charles  City. 
Whitmore,  Olive,  Mrs.  A.  C.  Fuller,  Sidney. 

Married  August  7,   1901. 
Wiler,  Wesley,  Dental  Student,  S.  U.  L,  Iowa  City. 
Foote,  Maude  L.,  Seventh  Grade  Teacher,  E.  Waterloo. 


26  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Fuller,  A.  C,  Jr.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Sidney. 
Mkrried  Olive  Whitmore,  August  7,  1901. 

Hudgens,  Thomas,  Farmer  and  Teacher,  Missouri. 

Hutchinson,  Martha,  Student,  University  of  Iowa,  318  S.  Du- 
buque St.,  Iowa  City. 

Jarnagin,  W.  Claude,  Associate  Editor,  Cedar  Falls  Record, 
Cedar  Falls. 
Married  Jean  Gilchrist,  May  3,  1903. 

McClenahan,  Perry  E.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Winter  set. 
Married  Alta  A.  Birdsall,  August  30,  1899. 

Mcllravey,  Frank  D.,  Principal  Hopkins  Bldg.,  921  W.  14th 
St.,  Sioux  City. 
Married  Jessie  M.  Campbell,  June  24,  1903. 

Miller,  Almond  D.,  Attorney  at  Law,  Des  Moines. 

Miller,  E.  C,  Teacher  in  Philippines. 

A.  B.,  Central  University  of  Iowa,  '96. 

Minor,  Nell  L 

Morris,   Winnifred,   Teacher  of  English,   High   School,   In- 
dianola. 

Mueller,  Geo.  E.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Wesley. 

Parker,  Leora  A.,  Mrs.  C.  A.  Emerson,  Jesup. 
Married  June  10,  1902. 

Perkins,  Frank  W.,  Farmer,  Lebanon,  Mo>. 

Poor,  Edna  M.,  Local  Editor,  Independence  Conservative,  In- 
dependence. 

Potts,  S.  A.,  Traveling  Agent,  Inter-State  School  of  Corre- 
spondence, Cedar  Falls. 

Quigley,  Benjamin,  Produce  Business,  Savanna,  111. 
Married  Cora  B.  McCormick,  June  30,  1903. 

Read,  Byron  J.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Wyoming. 
Married  Mattie  Burns,  August  2,  1899. 

Rider,  Etta  J.,  Principal  of  Cherokee  Indian  Girls'  Seminary, 
Tallaqua,  Ind.  Ter. 

Roberts,  Martha,  High  School  Principal,  Cherokee. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL.  SCHOOL.  27 

Samson,   Paul  B.,   Student,  Y.   M.  C.  A.  Training  School, 
Springfield,  Mass. 

Schenk,  Casper,  Law  Student,  Harvard  University,  16  How- 
land  St.,  Cambridge,  Mass. 
Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '03. 

Scott,  Harold  E-,  Editor  Sibley  Gazette,  Sibley. 

Sornson,  L.  P.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Ewing,  Neb. 

Sutherland,,  Chas.  R.,  Law  Student,  S.  U.  I.,  Iowa  City. 

Townsend,  Mjary  L.,  Teacher  of  Domestic  Science,  City  Y.  W. 
C.  A.,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 
B.  A.,  Wellesley  College,  '96. 

Van  Winkle,  Mina,  Second  Grade  Teacher,  764  S.  Pennsyl- 
vania Ave.,  Denver,  Colo. 

Volland,  Roscoe  H.,  Demonstrator  of  Operative  Dentistry,  S. 
U.  I.,  602  N.  Dubuque  St.,  Iowa  City. 
.    D.  D.  S.,  S.  U.  I.,  '02. 

Married  Mabel  Montgomery,  June  23,  1903. 

Class  1900. 

Achenbach,  Naomi,  Biology  Teacher,  High  School,  Marshall- 
town. 
Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '02. 

Andrews,  M.  Adell,  Fifth    Grade    Teacher,  3219    Hayward 
Place,  Denver,  Colo. 

Axtell,  Carl  E.,  Farmer,  Dunkerton. 

Married  Eunice  Summers,  September,   1900. 

Ball,  Mlargarette,  Principal  of  High  School,  Sanborn. 

Barnett,  E.  Frances,  Mrs.  M.  A.  H.  Jones,  635  S.  Governor 
St.,  Iowa  City. 
Married  July  30,  1902. 

Barrett,  J.  E.,  Law  Student,  Columbia  University,  1260  Am- 
sterdam Ave.,  New  York  City. 
Ph.  B.,  S,  U.  I.,  '03. 

Beavers,  B.  J. 


28  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Black,  Anna  Bell,  Principal  of  Schools,  Dayton. 

Bock,  Wm.  J.,  Practicing  Law,  Lake  Park. 
LL.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  % 

Bovee,  Lulu,  Mrs.  B.  L.  Morrow,  Waterloo. 
Married  December  29,  1903. 

Boyle,  James  A.,  Ranchman,  Palouse,  Wash. 
Married  Mae  I.  Watson,  January  20,  1904. 

Cory,  Chas.  S.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Humboldt. 
B.  S.,  S.  U.  I.,  '02. 

Dane,  Mildred  L.,  Primary  Teacher,  Lacona. 

Daugherty,   Robert  D.,   Principal  of  Washington  Academy, 
Washington. 

Detwiller,  Wm.   G.,   Ward  Principal,   Sioux  City. 

Eckhard,  Geo.  F.,  Student,  S.  U.  L,  Iowa  City. 

Ewers,  Albert  F.,  Instructor  in  Botany,  High  School,  1 1  Riv- 
er view,  Davenport. 
B.  &,  S.  U.  I.,  '02. 

Gorman,  Margaret  A. 

Hess,  Benjamin  G.,  Teacher,  Zion  City,  111. 

Hill,  Edward  Cecil,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Nashua. 
Married  Lola  Wray,  August  14,   1902. 

Hunt,  W.  J.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Miles. 

Huntley,  Jay  O.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Casey. 

Ives,  Katie  Medora,  Instructor  in  Science,  High  School,  Le 
Mars. 

Jensen,  Hannah. 

Johnson,  Joel  E.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Ireton. 
Married  Emma  J.  Ridgley,  August  14,  1902. 

Kendrick,  James,  Principal  of  High  School,  Missouri  Valley. 

Lamb,  Manton  J.,  Law  Student,  University  of  Minnesota,  Uni- 
versity P.  O.  Box  1 561,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 

Logan,  M.  E.  Principal  of  Schools,  Wellman. 

Married  Margaret  Esbenshade,  August  7,  1901. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  29 

Maclean,   Elizabeth,  Instructor  of  English,  Iowa  State  Col- 
lege, Ames. 
Mark,  Edward  W.  B.,  Principal  of  Schools,  LeClaire. 
Mercer,  Cilena  G.,  Mrs.  Edgar  E.  Walker,  756  W.  60th  St., 

Chicago,  111. 

Married  September  17,  1902. 
Morris,  Rose  A.,  Teacher,  Liberty. 
McKellar,  Jennie  E.,  High  School  Teacher,  Estherville. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '02. 
McNally,  Elizabeth. 
Orton,  Olive  Inez,  Student,  Nebraska  State  University,  1233 

U  St.,  Lincoln,  Neb. 
Owen,  Arthur  T.  S.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Farmington. 

B.  S.,  Knox  College,  '94. 

Married  Maude  C.  Greenlee,  August  20,  1902. 
Pierce,  James  M.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Leon. 
Reed,  I.  Leslie,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Northwood. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '03. 
Riggs,  Blanche  E.,  Teacher  of  English,  High  School,  Mason 

City. 
Rodman,  Abbie  A. 

Severance,  Chas.  F.,  Manager  Restaurant,  Belle  Plaine. 
Shaftner,  Ira  F. 

Married  Mae  B.  Davison,  November  21,  1900. 
Shearer,  Chas.  P.,  Life  Insurance  Agent,  Cumberland. 
Sifford,  Elma,  Teacher,  Lake  City. 
Silver,  Wm.  E.,  Traveling  Salesman,  Gladbrook. 

Married  Olive  Pond,  March  21,  1901. 
Smith,  Nellie  L-,  Second  Grade  Teacher,  Marshalltown. 
Speer,  Jennie  M.,  Science  Teacher,  High  School,  Waterloo. 
Spicer,  Lucy  E.,  Student,  Chicago  University,  5800*  Jackson 

Ave.,  Chicago,  111. 
Stuntz,  Faith  I.,  Mrs.  Benjamin  Boardman,  Shelby. 

Married  August  18,  1903. 


30  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Timmerman,  M.  R.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Wall  Lake. 

Married  Hattie  E.  Higley,  August  29,  1900. 
Tobin,  Margaret  A.,  Mlrs.  Harlow  M.  Pratt,  Post  Graduate 

Student,  S.  U.  I.     B.  A.,  S.  U.  I.,  '03. 

Married  January  1,  1902. 
Wakefield,  Clara,  Mrs.  Arthur  C.  Cole,  Perry. 

Married  September  4,  1902. 
Wassam,  Clarence,  Student,  S.  U.  I.,  220  N.  Dubuque  St., 

Iowa  City.    Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  L,  '03. 
Wilson,  Ida  May,  High  School  Teacher,  Mediapolis. 
Woodruff,  John  P.,   Superintendent  of  Schools,   Kemmerer, 

Wyo. 

Married  Lula  M.  Wood,  August  15,   1900. 
Wyant,  Arthur  C,  Dental  Student,  S.  U.  I.,  Iowa  City. 

i 

Class  1901. 

Arent,  Palmine. 

Arnett,  Elizabeth  A.,  High  School  Assistant,  Tabor. 

Atchley,  John  W.,  Principal  of  Schools,   Minden. 

Married  Anna  Hoi  way,  June  11,  1903. 
Baker,  Earl  Smith,  Student,  S.  U.  I.,  225  N.  Linn  St.,  Iowa 

City. 
Balzer,  Geo.  J.,  Instructor  in  Physics,  University  of  Wisconsin, 

229  W.  Gilman  St.,  Madison,  Wis. 

A.  B.,  University  of  Michigan,  '02. 
Barber,  Frank  A.,  Principal  of  Schools,  San  Antonio,  Cal. 
Barrett,  Lou  P.,  Eighth  Grade  Teacher,  722  Broadway,  Brain- 

erd,  Minn. 
Bidlack,  Lura,  High  School  Teacher,  Coon  Rapids. 
Burton,  Wm.  A.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Kingsley. 
Christiansen,  Jens,  Student  S.  U.  I.,  Iowa  City. 
Clifford,  Elizabeth,  Homesteading,  Mohall,  N.  D. 
Curtis,  L.  D.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Center  Point. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  31* 

Danskin,  Ella,  Mrs.  Frank  Straw,  Andover,  S.  D. 

Married  March   19,   1902. 
Else,  Frank  W.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,    Mt.    Pleasant. 

A.  B.,  Penn  College,  '96;  A.  M.,  Haver  ford,  '97. 

Married  Mary  E.  Himes,  August  29,  1903. 
Estes,  R.  M.,  Editor  Fremont  County  Herald,  Sidney. 

Married  Anna  Dryden,  July  30,  1902. 
Evans,  Alma  E.,  High  School  Teacher,  Missoula,  Mont. 
Galloway,  Geo.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Lansing. 
Glackemyer,  H.  A.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Rippey. 
Halstead,  A.  L.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Renwick. 
Hawk,  Tho<s.  E,,  Stenographer,  International  Harvester  Co., 

428-430-432  First  Street  N.,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 
Hayden,  U.  Grant,  Deputy  County  Clerk,  Wapello. 
Hoag,  Nellie,  Student,  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  Univ.,  California. 
Hostetter,  Bella,  Eighth  Grade  Teacher,  617  8th  St.,  Cedar 

Rapids. 
Howard,  Frank  E.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Bedford. 
Hutchison,  Jennie  G.,  Instructor  in  Latin,  I.  S.  N.  S.,  Cedar 

Falls.    A.  B.,  University  of  Chicago,  '99. 
Kolb,  Frank  Lewis,  Principal  of  Schools,  Oto. 

Married  Lucretia  A.  Buckner,  June  3,  1903. 
Kuhn,  Elmer  E.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Lenox. 
Long,  Lillian  E.,  Student,  Sinsinaway  College,  Wisconsin. 
Lund,  Ella,  High  School  Assistant,  Lenox. 
Lyon,  Mildred,  Assistant  Principal,  Williams. 
Magee,  Wm.  G.,  Student,  Northwestern  University  Medical 

School,   2436   Prairie   Ave.,    Chicago,    111. 
McCulloch,  John  W.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Wapello.  ' 
Marsh,   Ruth  ML,  Student,   S.  U.   L,  411   N.  Dubuque  St., 

Iowa  City. 
Miller,  Cap  E.,  Superintendent  of  Keokuk  County  Schools, 

Sigourney. 


,  32  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Mitchell,  Lela,  Stenographer  in  Abstract  Office,  Albany,  Ore, 

Moore,  Chas.,  U.,  Solicitor,  Shreveport,  La. 

Nelson,  Miller  S- 

Nutting,  Jessie  G.,  Mrs.  H.  L.  Priest,  Grade  Teacher,  Tabor. 

Married  December  22,  1902. 
Parker,  Lo<rne  F.,  Assistant  Cashier  in  Bank,  Larrabee. 
Pelzer,  Louis,  Student,  S.  U.  L,  Iowa  City. 
Pierce,  Juliette,  Principal  of  Normal  Dept.,  Buena  Vista  Col- 
lege, Storm  Lake.     Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  L,  '03. 
Prall,  T.  M.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Chamberlain,  S.  D. 

B.  Ped.,  Dakota  University,  '99. 

Married  Laura  Bowie,  December  25,  1901. 
Ray,  Wm.  H.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Gowrie. 

Married  Mabel  Shaw,  June  23,   1903. 
Rhoads,  Grace,  Teacher,  Rural  School,  Belview,  Minn. 
Roberts,  Mark  I.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Lorimor. 
Rourke,  Mary,  Principal  of  Schools,  Farley. 
Rownd,  Nellie  M.,  Cedar  Falls. 
Satterthwaite,  Geo.  W.,  Teacher,  Philippine  Islands. 
Scallon,  Hubert  W.,  Law  Student,  S.  U.  I.,  Iowa  City. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '03. 
Schregardus,  Wm,  F.,  Student,  University  of  Michigan,  324 

E.  Jefferson  St.,  Ann  Arbor,  Mich. 
Sebolt,  Frank  R.,  Real  Estate  Dealer,  Regina,  Assn.,  N.  W.  T. 

A.  B.,  Simpson  College,  '99. 
Seerley,  Clem  C,  Student,  S.  U.  I.,  Iowa  City. 
Shaw,  Mabel,  Mrs.  W.  H.  Ray,  Gowrie. 

Married  June  23,  1903. 
Stone,  Altha,  Grade  Teacher,  Wall  Lake. 
Voelker,  Paul  F.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Ida  Grove. 
Wall,  Mary  C,  Student,  Oberlin  College,  Oberlin,  O. 
Walsh,  Bridget  V.,  Teacher  St.  Mary's  Academy,  Omaha,  Neb. 
Warren,  Edward  J.,  Farmer,   Keosauqua. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  33 

Watson,  Emery  E.,  Student,  S.  U.  I.,  220  N.  Dubuque  St., 

Iowa  City. 
Wright,  Luella  M.,  Student,  S.  U.  I.,  Iowa  City. 
Yeager,  Charles,  Principal  of  Schools,  Keota. 

Class  1902. 

Achenbach,  E-  Beth,  Student,  S.  U.  I.,  4  E.  Market  St.,  Iowa 

City. 
Ankerman,  Lina. 
Asquith,  Benjamin  S.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Bellevue. 

Married  Nellie  Anderson,  September  1,  1903. 
Barr,  Robert  D.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Castana. 

Married  Gail  H.  Loveless,  June  17,  1902. 
Benson,  Charles,  Instructor  in* "Normal  Department,  Western 

Iowa  College,  Council  Bluffs. 
Black,  Edna,  High  School  Assistant,  Pomeroy. 
Blaska,  Ada  L,.,  Assistant  Principal,  Livermore. 
Brinton,  E.  A.,   Principal  of  Schools,  Marcus. 

Married  Rilla  B.  Bates,  June  10,   1903. 
Cavett,   C.  W.,  Principal  of  Township  High  School,  Little 

Cedar. 
Crary,  Geo.   H.,   Medical   Student,   University  of  Michigan, 

Ann  Arbor.  M'ich. 
Dixon,  O.  E.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Parkersburg.  Ph.  B., 

Penn  College,  '90. 
Fesenbeck,  Sedona  L-,  Student,  University  of  Michigan,  Ann 

Arbor,  Mich. 
Freeman,  Florence,  Grade  Teacher,  Rochester,  Minn. 
Gilbert,  C.  H.,  Principal  of  Ward  School,  Eagle  Grove. 

Married  Mabelle  C.  House,  March  31,  1903. 
Hammond,  Philo  Fay,  Student,  University  of  Michigan,  Ann 

Arbor,    Mich. 
Hochstetler,  Mame  E.,  Dexter. 


34  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Kiesau,  H.  O.,  Student,  S.  U.  I.,  Iowa  City. 
Kirkpatrick,  J.   O.,  High  School  Assistant,   Harlan. 
Knupp,  S.  C,  Student,  S.  U.  I.,  Iowa  Citv. 
Lamb,  Willis  E.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Scranton. 
Larrison,  Orrell,  High  School  Teacher,  Dexter. 
Montgomery,  Margaret,  English  Teacher,  High  School,  \V. 

Waterloo. 
Oleson,  C.  J.,  Student,  Northwestern  University,  21 19  Maple 

Ave.,  Evanston,  111. 
Oleson,  O.  N.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Ionia. 
Parish,  John  C,  High  School  Assistant,  Winterset. 
Patten,  David,  Principal  of  Schools,  Pomeroy. 
Patton,  Mrs.  Mary,  Instructor  in  Latin  Dept.,  Central  Normal 

College,  Danville,  Indiana^ 
Phelps,  J.  H.,  Teaching,  Surrey,  N.  D. 
Poots,  F.  A.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Delmont. 
Quigley,  Samuel,  Head  of  English  Dept.,  University  Prep. 

School,  Tonkawa,  Okla. 
Ramseyer,  C.  W.,  Student,  S.  U.  I.,  113  Prentiss  St.,  Iowa 

City. 
Rhodes,  Luke  C,  Grammar  Grade  Teacher,  Paullina. 
Roadman,  Velma,  Grade  Teacher,  Grundy  Center. 
Schneider,  D.  D.,  Student,  S.  U.  I.,  425  Iowa  Ave.,  Iowa  City. 
Smith,  Ernest  C,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Ouray,  Colo. 
Stoakes,  Chas.  S.,  Medical  Student,  University  of  Nebraska, 

1 120  P  St.,  Lincoln,  Neb. 
Vogel,  E.  W.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Newell. 
Wheeler,  Forrest  Z.,  Science  Teacher,  Guthrie  County  High 

School,  Panora. 
Wright,  Lydia  May,  Supervisor  of  Drawing,  Red  Oak. 
Wydell,  A.  O.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Slater. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  35 

Class  1903. 

Aitchison,  Alison  E.,  Assistant  in  Geography,   L   S.   N.  S. 

Cedar  Falls. 
Burnett,  Bessie,  High  School  Assistant,  Oakland. 
Carmen,  J.   Ernest,   High   School  Assistant,   Council  Bluffs 

B.  S.,  Simpson  College,  '01. 
Collins,  Erie  Dell,  Grade  Teacher,  Shell  Rock. 
Connor,  Gertrude,  Assistant  Principal,  Allison. 
Cross,  J.  Foy,  Student,  I.  S.  N.  S.,  Cedar  Falls. 
Dunkerton,  John  M.,  Science  Teacher  and  Physical  Director, 

Capital  Park  School,  1331  E.  12th  St.,  Des  Moines. 
Francis,  Will,  Teacher,  Earlham. 
Heightshoe,  Agnes,  Principal  of  High  School,  Perry. 
Hetzler,  Henry,  Principal  of  Schools,  Mlassena. 
Hoats,  John  Roy,  High  School  Assistant,  East  Waterloo. 
Hoxie,  Nellie  N.,  Science  Teacher,  High  School,  Waterloo. 
Jensen,  Mary  L.,  High  School  Teacher,  Dexter. 
Joy,  Albert  C,  Principal  of  Schools,  Whittemore. 
Kerstetter,  Susan,  Student,  S.  U.   I.,  224  N.   Dubuque  St., 

Iowa  City. 
King,  A.  D.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Lewis. 
Knoche,  Kate,  Grade  Teacher,  Cedar  Falls. 
Korinke,  Edith,  Grade  Teacher,  E.  Waterloo. 
Lester,  Kate,  High  School  Assistant,  Villisca. 
Martin,  G.  Lester,  Principal  of  Schools,  Washta. 
McCall,  Jennie,  Grade  Teacher,  Shell  Rock. 
McCullough,  Clara  E.,  Student,  S.  U.  I.,  103  N.  Capital  St., 

Iowa  City. 
Miller,  Jessie  I.,  Creston. 

Mueller,  Oscar  O.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Stacy ville. 
Reid,  Albert  S.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Murray.      A.  B.,  '96; 

A.  M.,  '97,  Drake  University;  M.  A.,  Yale  University  '00. 
Ross,  Esta  V.,  Room  Teacher,  I.  S.  N.  S.  Training  School, 

Cedar  Falls, 


36  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Scallon,  Margaret  Mary,  Teacher,  Rural  School,  Ackley. 

Shuttleworth,  I.  D.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Oakland. 

Smith,  F.  O.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Buffalo  Center. 

Strawn,  E.  E.,  Principal  of  Commercial  Dept.,  Business  Uni- 
versity, Spencer. 

Wallace,  Agnes,  Grade  Teacher,  Cedar  Falls. 

Wood,  Daisy,  Student,  Cornell  College,  Mount  Vernon. 

Wooley,  Jeanette  S.,  High  School  Assistant,  Cedar  Falls. 

Wright,  Arthur  H.,  Student,  S.  U.  L,  635  S.  Governor  S  ., 
Iowa  City. 

BACHELOR  OF  DIDACTICS. 

The  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Didactics  has  been  given  for 
completing  courses  one  year  shorter  than  the  full  courses. 
When  persons  have  taken  also  the  advanced  degree,  their  loca- 
tion and  work  will  be  found  in  that  part  of  the  register. 

Class  1878. 

Bond,  David  K.,  B.  3.,  '81. 
Gilchrist,  Maude,  B.  S.,  '80. 

Class  1879. 

Benham,  Wm.  L,  B.  S„  'Si. 

Fitch,  Annie  E.,  Mrs.  W.  C.  Sloan,  Waterloo. 

Married  in  1883. 
McGovern,  Anna  E.,  B.  S.,  '80. 
Mullarkey,  Kate  E,.  Mrs.  A.  Sartori,  Le  Mars. 

Married  April  13,  1882. 

Class  1880. 

Mbyer,  Edward  T.,  B.  S.,  '8i. 
Rawstern,  Eliza,  Mrs.  D.  S.  Wright,  Cedar  Falls. 
Married  in  1880. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  37 

Class  1881. 

Barrett,  Lou  P.,  M.  Di.,  '01. 

Overman,  Jessie,  Mrs.  Chas.  W.  Collins,  Mayer,  Ariz. 
Married  in  1888. 

Class  1882. 

Anders,  Horace  F.,  Insurance  and  Real  Estate  Agent,  Iowa 

Falls. 

Married  Flora  Guthrie,  September  13,   1884. 
Newton,  George  W.,  Professor  of  Natural  Science,  I.  S.  N. 

S.,  Cedar  Falls. 

B.  S.,  S.  U.  L,  '87;  A.  M.,  '90. 

Married  Miarion  Ross,  June  16,  1898. 
Williams,  Carrie  M.,  Mrs.  Chas.  D.  Williams,  Elmore,  Minn. 

Married  in  1887. 
Williams,  Ella  D.,  Primary  Teacher,  Waterloo. 

Class  1883. 

Bartlett,    Elmer  E-,    Bookkeeper,   State  Bank,    Cedar   Falls. 
B.  S.,  Iowa  College,  '87;  M.  S.,  University  of  Mich.,  '94. 

Bartlett,  William  A.,  Principal  of  High  School,  227  W.  San- 
born St.,  Winona,  Minn.      A.  M.,  Iowa  College,  '90. 
IVCarried  Emily  Maude  White,  Dec.  24,  1897. 

Best,  Elmer  E.,  Physician,  Clarion.      M.  D.,  Chicago  Home- 
opathic Medical  College,  '96;  College  of  Physicians  and 
Surgeons,  '99. 
Married  Laura  Wheeler,  January  20,  1896. 

Burbeck,  Alice  F.,  Mrs.  Chas.  E.  Harker. 
Married  in  1886. 

Davis,  Nettie  M,,  Mrs.  John  W.  Smurr. 
Married  in  1885. 

Ensign,  Clarissa  A.,  New  Hartford. 


38  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Griffin,  Edward  H.,  Editor  Messenger,  Atlantic. 

Married  Zina  Young,  August  19,  1887. 
Hearst,  Mamie,  M.  Di.,  '92. 
Hurley,  Alice  M.,  Mrs.  John  T.  Boylan,  Eldora. 

Married  June  20,  1894. 
Marble,  Jennie,  Mrs.  Frank  M.  Crowl. 

Married  in  1892. 
Neville,  Kate  E.,  Mrs.  Lot  L.  Feltham. 

Married  September  21,  1893. 
Rae,  Marguerite,  Mrs.  E.  R.  Nichols,  Manhattan,  Kans. 

Married  December  28,  1888. 
Reynolds,  Armindia  R. 
Rogers,  Lottie  E.,  Mrs,  A.  F.  Ames. 

Married  September  28,  1887. 

Class  1884. 

Burgess,  Otto  F.,  Superintendent  of  the  Christian  and  Mis- 
sionary Alliance,  21  Winding  Way,  Binghamton,  N.  Y. 
Married  Minnie  M.  Lane,  June  10,  1889. 

Carroll,  Warren  D.,  Attorney  at  Law,  Benton  Harbor,  Mjch. 
LL.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '88. 
Married  Elia  M.  Riford,  May  15,  1891. 

Chase,  Emma  Lura,  Mrs.  Lura  Chase  Kingman,  Cedar  Falls. 

Cowan,  Isabella,  B.  S.,  '89. 

Crosley,  Lillian  L.,  B.  S.,  '89. 

Dayton,  Delia  A.,  Mrs.  Geo.  S.  Mornin,  Cedar  Falls. 
Married  February  14,  1894. 

Dayton,  Lora  M.,  Mrs.  J.  W.  Robinson,  Algona. 
Married  September,  1892. 

Herbert,  Stella  F.,  Mrs.  A.  W.  Hartshorn. 

Hull,  Harry  A.,  President  U.  S.  Grant  Mines  Co.,  703  Stock- 
Exchange,  Chicago,  111. 
Married  Lizzie  Bastain,  1889. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  39 

King,  Dora  A,  B.  S.,  '88. 
Maxwell,  Hattie  M.,  Mrs.  Ed.  Miller. 

Married  in  1889. 
Patton,  Anna  L.,  Mrs.  G.  H.  Main,  4037  Charles  St.,  Omaha, 

Neb. 

Married  December  22,  1886. 
Buckingham,  Ella  F.,  B.  S.,  '88. 
Bunnell,  Rachel,  Teacher,  Missouri  Valley. 
Carlon,  Josephine,  Mrs.  R.  F.  Skiff,  Iowa  Falls. 

Married  September  11,  1889. 
Chassell,  Olin  B.,  B.  S.,  '88. 
Cole,  Georgiana,  Mrs.  H.  J.  Miller,  Livingston,  Mont. 

Married  in  1889. 
Davis,  Wilbur,  Publishers'  Agent,  Cedar  Falls. 
Felmley,  Albert  E.,  B.  S.,  '90. 
Felmley,  Alice,  Mrs.  Frank  N.  Packard,  Cherokee. 

Miarried  November  27,  1897. 
Folsom,  Annis  R.,  Mrs,  H.  F.  Merrill,  643  N.  Pilgrim  St., 

Stockton,  Calif. 

Married  in  1888. 
Hazen,  Winifred  E.,  Mrs.  Rufus  W.  Sloan,  11 19  Pierce  St., 

Sioux  City. 

Married  August  28,  1893. 
Kraiger,  Eleanor,  B.  S.,  '86. 
Lane,  Minnie,  Mrs,  Otto  F.  Burgess,  21  Winding  Way,  Bing- 

hamton,  N.  Y. 

Married  June  10,  1889. 
McKee,  John  R.,  Postmaster  and  Publisher  Fremont  County 

Sun,  Sidney. 

Mhrried  Mary  L.  Randell,  June  3,  1901. 
Moore,  Minnie.      M.  Di.,  '91. 
Pierce,  Alice,  Mrs.  H.  R.  Irish,  Forest  City. 

Married  in  1886. 
Riggs,  Sara  M.,  Professor  of  History,  I.  S.  N.  S.,  Cedar  Falls. 

B.  L.,  University  of  Michigan,  '94. 


40  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Robbins,  Ida,  Mlrs.  Fred  E.  Graham,  Powhattan,  Kansas. 

Married  in  1890, 
Sawyer,   Lizzie  A.,   Mrs.   Edward  C.   Bullis,  900  University 

Ave.,  S.  E.,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 

Married  November  26,  1887. 
Russell,  Viola,  Mlrs.  Fred  E.  Gates,  Marble  Rock. 

Married  January  1,  1889. 
Sheridan,  Katherine,  Mrs.  C.  A.  Boehmler,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married  December  12,  1889. 
Skiff,  David  L.,  M.  Di.,  '91. 
Sullivan,  Kate,  Waverly. 
Williams,  Ethelyn. 

Class  1886. 

Bender,  Wilbur  H.      B.  S.,  '90. 

Married  Eva  Tomlinson,  August  8,  1889. 
Blake,  Alice. 

Brones,  Christian  N. 

Married  Anna  Cook,  December  24,   1889; 
Chapman,  Idella,  Mrs..  W.  W.  Brittain,  Emporia,  Kans. 

Married  in  1886. 
Cowan,  Mary,  Mrs.  Wm.  Aitken,  Paullina. 

Married  September  1,   1891. 
Fields,  Albert.    .B.  S.,  '87. 
Fountain,  Chas.  B.,  Physician,  Valley  Junction.     M.  D.,  S.  U. 

I,  "91, 

Married  Nellie  Hoch,  1890. 

Henry,  Maggie. 

Hoagland,  Myrta,  Cedar  Falls. 

Hull,  Helen,  Mrs.  Geo.  W.  Orr,   19  Riverside  Ave.,  Cleve- 
land, Ohio. 
Married  August  28,  1890. 

Locke,  Chas.  E.    M.  Di.,  '96. 

Married  Laura  M.  Monlux,  July  28,  1887. 

Longworthy,  Agnes,  Mrs.  Maulsby. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  41 

Mills,  Franc  L.,  Teacher  of  English,  High  School,  Ottumwa. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '95. 
Overfield,  Aurilla,  Mrs.  Ambrose  E.  Grant. 

Married  in  1892. 
Packard,  Alma,  Mrs.  L.  A.  Vennum,  Belmond. 

Married  November  18,  1898. 
Sogard,  John,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Vinton.     B.  Ph., 

S.  U.  L,  '99. 

Married  Kate  Taylor,  July  11,  1900. 
Yule,  Emily,  Superintendent  of  Public  Schools,  Juneau,  Alaska. 

Class  1887. 

Alderson,  James,  Physician,  485  Locust  St.,  Dubuque.     M.  D., 
Northwestern  University  Medical  School,  '91. 
Married  Mary  Buckley  in  1891. 

Chandler,  George,  Banker  and  Real  Estate  Dealer,  Osage. 

Cummings,  W.  O.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Coeur  d'  Alene, 
Idaho. 

Cunningham,  Bridgie.     M.  Di.,  '92. 

Dean,  W.  J.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Belle  Plaine. 

Dick,  Geo.  S.,  B.  S.,  .'88. 

Dick,  Wm.  T.,  Colorado  Springs,  Colo. 

Married  Anna  M.  Beard,  April  20,  1892. 

Evers,  Ellen  N. 

Harrison,  Elmer  E.,  Bookkeeper,  65-71  Plymouth  Place,  Chi- 
cago, 111. 
Married  Hattie  G.  Poyneer,  1892. 

Hearst,  Nellie  L.     B.  S.,  '90. 

Hogg,  Jennie,  Mrs.  Chas.   Eadie. 
Married  in  1890. 

Lantz,  Mrs.  Rose  Southard,  Ranchowner,  Evergreen,  Cal. 

Lytle,  Thomas  S.,  California. 

Mack,  Susie  E.,  Mrs.  John  E.  Light,  Redlands,  Cal. 
Married  in  1890. 


42  IOWA  STATE   NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

McMahon,  Joseph  J.,  Editor  Tama  County  Democrat,  Toledo. 

Married  Ella  ML  Ribble,  1890. 
McManus,  Geo.  H.,  Captain,  U.  S.  Army,  Fort  Totten,  N.  Y. 

Married  Emilie  Gertrude  Kessler,  January  5,  1897. 
Monlux,  Laura  M.,  Mrs,  C.  E.  Locke,  Osteopath,  618  Grant 

Bldg.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.     D.  O.,  '02. 

Married  C.  E,  Locke,  July  28,  1887. 
Morris,  Ella.     Mu  Di.,  '92. 
Morris,  Livingston,  Physician  and  Surgeon,  Stockport.   M.  D  , 

College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons,  Keokuk,  '92. 

Married  Zenella  E.  Nelson,  February  3,  1897. 
Nichols,  E.  R.,  President  Kansas  State  Agricultural  College, 

Manhattan,  Kans.     B.  S.,  S.  U.  L,  '87;  A.  M.,  '90. 

Married  Marguerite  Rae,  December  20,  1888. 
Nothomb,  Henry  Ed.     B.  S.,  'S7. 
Palmer,  Mary  J.,  M|rs.  D.  C.  Bevan,  Ottumwa. 
Peters,  Sarah.      B.  S.,  '88. 
Phelps,  Geo.  B.,  Attorney  at  Law,  Clinton. 

Married  Nellie  O.  Dixon,  December  20,  1887. 
Ridley,  Emma  M.     B.  S.,  '88. 
Wynkoop,  Minnie  V.,  Mrs.  Eugene  R.  Moore,  Anamosa. 

Married  November  28,  1901. 

Class  1888. 

Armbruster,  Catherine. 

Ballentine,  Mary  D. 

Bither,  Susie  E.,  Mrs.   Chester  Cadwallader,  821   Bluff  St., 

Waterloo'. 

Married  August  23,  1880. 
Cadwallader,  Eva  A.,  Mrs.  Elmer  M.  Reeves,  Waverly. 

Married  June  28,  1890. 
Chassell,  Ed.  D.,  Editor  and  Publisher  he  Mars  Sentinel,  Le 

Mars,  and  Member  of  30th  General  Assembly  of  Iowa. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  43 

Cowan,  Janet,  Mrs.  Wm.  F.  Scott,  Paullina. 

Married  December  31,  1896. 
Ebersole,  T.  P.,  Railway  Postal  Clerk,  Manson. 

Married  Bertie  L.  Freeburger,  November  6,  1889. 
Fullerton,  P.  G.      B.  S.,  '89. 

Funston,  Clara,  Principal  of  Cooper  School,  Des  Moines. 
Grundy,  Alfred,  Attorney  at  Law,  Cedar  Falls. 

LL.  B.,  S.  U.  I,  '84. 
Hogg,  Emma  E.,  Mrs.  J.  M.  Schaupp,  Fort  Dodge. 

Married  December  4,  1889. 
Hughey,  Jennie  O.,  Mrs.  H.  E.  Wheeler,  Shenandoah. 

Married  August  13,  1890. 
Kallenbach,  Sarah,  Mrs.  R.  H.  Minkel,  Omemee,  N.  D. 

Married  in  1889. 
Langeteig,  Geo.  M.,  Vineyardist,  R.  F.  D.  1,  Lodi,  Cal. 
Leader,  Pauline  M.      B.  S.,  '89. 
McKeen,  Byron  W. 

Married  Edith  A.  Adams,  October  30,  1893. 
McMahon,  S.  E.,  Attorney  at  Law,  Algona.     LL.  B.,  Uni- 
versity of  Michigan,  '93. 
Miller,  Maude  E.,  Assistant  Principal,  Graton,  S.  D. 
Moore,  Chas.  E.,  Banker,  Waterloo. 
Patterson,  W.  R.,  B.  S.,  '89. 
Rich,  Mrs.  Louisa  Jennings,  Cedar  Falls. 
Roadman,  Ira,  R.  R.  Physician,  Proctorknott,  Minn.     M.  D., 

University  of  Minnesota,  '99. 
Travis,  Clara  M.,  Principal  of  High  School,  Independence. 
Trimble,  Lydia  A.,  M.  E,  Missionary,  China. 
Wheeler,  Herbert  E.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Shenandoah. 

Married  Jennie  Hughey,  August  13,   1890. 
Wier,  Eva  A.,  Carrington,  N.  Dak. 

A.  B.,  University  of  Michigan,  '96. 


44  IOWA   STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Class  1889. 

Anderson,  Nellie  F.,  B.  S.,  '90. 

Barnes,  Carrie  A'.,  High  School  Teacher,     751     Irving     St., 

Portland,  Ore. 
Bishop,  Bertha,  M.  Di.,  '94. 
Boss,  Clara  A.,  M.  Di.,  '95. 
Boynton,  May  M.,  Mrs.  Chas.  B.  Ingram,  Los  Angeles,  Ca.1. 

Married,  October  18,  1898. 
Brown,  Laura  J.,  Physician,  1242  O  St.,  Lincoln,  Neb. 

M.  D.,  Hahnemann  Medical  College,  '03. 
Culbertson,  E.  D.  Y.,  Life  Insurance  Agent,  Des  Moines. 

Miarried  Clara  Fiedler,  December  24,  1890. 
Cunningham,  Maggie  L.,  B.  S.,  '90. 
Curtis,  C.  F.,  Photographer,  Emmetsburg. 
Ellis,  Lizzie  M.,  Mrs.  J.  M.  Williamson,  Williamson. 

Married  in  1895. 
England,  N.  Emma,  Mrs.  Samuel  P.  Mendenhall,  Whittier, 

Cal. 

Married,  August  18,  1897. 
Ford,  Ella  M.,  Mlrs.  Miller,  Supervisor     Primary     Training 

Department  Drake  University,  655  18th  St.,  Des  Moines. 

Married   July  2,  1900. 
Foster,  B.  B. 

Fullerton,  C.  A.,  B.  S.,  '90. 
Griffin,  Chas.  J.,  Pharmacist,  Montezuma. 
Grundy,  J.  G.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Eagle  Grove. 

Married  Blanche  Pretchard. 
Hearst,  Wm.  L.,  B.  S.,  '90. 
Hieber,  Mary,  Fifth  Grade  Teacher,  Cedar  Falls. 
Jones,  Elizabeth  R.,  General  Secretary  Y.  W.  C.  A.,  Sioux 

City. 
Kallenbach,  Lizzie  M.,  Primary  Teacher,  R.  R.  No.  3,  Station 

K.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


IOWA   STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  45 

Krieg,  Emelie  M.,  M.  Di.,  '95. 

L  eland,  Eva  S.,  Mrs.  Clark  C.  Upton,  Cresco. 

Married  in  1893. 
Lundeen,  Hilda,  Teacher,  Hartley. 
Mack,  Minnie,  M.  Di.,  '95. 
Moffett,  Lambert  B.,  M.  Di.,  '91. 
Morgan,  Anna. 
Morrison,  Alma  E. 

M.  D.,  University  of  Minnesota,  '92. 
Rhodes,  Lizzie  A.,     Principal     of  Wahkousa     School,     Fort 

Dodge. 
Roberts,  Mary  A.,  High  School  Teacher,  Oskaloosa. 
Roland,  M.  O.,  B.  S.,  '90. 
Russell,  Agnes,  M.  Di.,  '91. 
Sabin,  Gerald  N.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Armour,  S.  D. 

Ph.B.,  S,  U.  I.,  '93. 
Sage,  Fred  C,  Oculist,  Aurist  and     Rhinologist,  Waterloo. 

M.  D.,  S.  U.  I.,  '93. 

Married  Kate  M.  Schenk,  March,  1893. 
Simmons,  Blanche,  Blackwell,  Okla. 

B.  A.,  Penn  College,  '96.    A.  B.,  Chicago  University,  '98. 
Simmons,  Luella  V.,  B.  S.,  '90. 
Sisson,  Helen,  Mrs.  Newland  F.  Smith,  Olivet,  Mich. 

Married,  October  14,  1897. 
Stafford,  Minnie,  Mrs.  Ernest  E.  White. 
Stever,  Mary  L.,  General  Secretary  Y.  W.     C.     A.,     Cedar 

Rapids. 
Stone,  Almeron  J. 
Sutton,  Emma,  Mrs.  Wra.  Avery,  Hampton. 

Married  in  1891. 
Townsend,  Katherine  S.,  Mrs.  Roger  Leavitt,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married  in  1892. 
White,  Miary  R.,  Mrs.  M.  O.  Roland,  Harlan. 

Married,  December  29,  1891. 


46  IOWA   STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Wilson,  Anna  E.,  Mrs.  Alvin  E.  Reynolds,  Navarre,  Kan. 
Married,  August  22,  1893. 

Wright,  Alice  E.,  Student  School  of  Education,  Chicago  Uni- 
versity, Chicago,  111. 

Wyant,  Libbie  M.,  M.  Di.,  '92. 

Class  1890. 

Aurner,  C.  Ray,  M.  Di.,  '91. 

Barker,  Josephine,  Primary  Teacher,  Sultan,  Wash. 
Bock,  Lewis  H.,  Cashier  in  Bank,  Steen,  Minn. 
Case,  Julian  W.,  Baptist  Minister,  Detroit,  Mich. 

Miarried  Lucy  Lorenz,  August  22,   1894. 
Cunningham,  Anna,  Grade  Teacher,  Des  Moines. 
Cunningham,  Matt  C,  M.  Di.,  '91. 
Dawson,  Fred  H. 
Doderer,  J.  Frederick,  Principal  of  Schools,  Sheffield. 

Married  Minnie  B.  Bresse,  April  22,  1892. 
Felmley,  Mabel,  M.  Di.,  '91. 
Ferris,  Finnette,  M.  Di.,  '92. 
Francis,  Bruce,  M.  Di.,  '91. 
Gibbens,  Ella  N.,  Mrs,  W.  S,  Brown,  Keota. 

Married,  June  24,  1894. 
Gilchrist,  Margaret,  Grammar  Grade  Teacher,  Rhodes. 
Gregg,  Adelia  O.,  Mrs.  L.  A.  Thomas,  Red  Oak. 

Married  October  18,  1892. 
Grimes,  Ida  L-,  Mrs.  S.  L.  Ingham,  Hampton. 

Married  October  3,  1894. 
Hess,  H.  Marguerite,  Manager  Entertainment  Bureau,  Fargo, 

N.  Dak. 
Hickman,  Carrie  B,,  Assistant  Principal,  Lake  Park. 
Hieber,  Libbie  E.,    Teacher  Longfellow  School,  920  Walker 

St.,  Des  Moines, 
Jackson,  Robert  A.,  Farmer,  Toledo. 

MCarried  Maud  E.  McCracken,  June  14,  1894. 


IOWA   STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  47 

Lizer,  Horatio  B.,  M.  Di.,  '91. 

Mantz,  Emma  S.,  Fifth  Grade  Teacher,  Lead,  S.  Dak. 

Martin,  James  I. 

Married  Emma  Williamson,  May  5,  1891. 
McCracken,  Maud  E.,  Mrs,  R.  A.  Jackson,  Toledo. 

Married,  June  14,  1894. 
MKlliman,  Grace  E.,  Mrs,  Joseph  H.  Taylor,  County  Super- 
intendent of  Schools,   St.  Anthony,   Idaho. 

Married,  May  7,  1902. 
Mitchell,  Gertrude,  Teacher  and  Artist,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 
Nimocks,  Frank  A.,  Agent  N.  Y.  Life  Ins.  Co.,  Des  Moines. 

Married  Olive  Fulton,  November  18,   1902. 
Olmstead,  Geo.  H.,  M.  Di.,  '92. 
Overman,  Eunice  H.,  M.  Di.,  '92. 
Peterson,  Paul,  M.  Di.,  '91. 
Pickrell,  Mary,  Mrs,  Mary  Pickrell  Michener,  Oskaloosa. 

Married  June  25,  1891. 
Robinson,  Etta,  M'.  Di.,  '97. 
Schroeder,  John  H.,  M.  Di.,  '91. 
Scott,  Sarah  S.,  Mrs.  Herbert  Jones,  Dubuque. 

Married  in  1891. 
Shaw,  Ida  E.,  M.  Di.,  '91. 
Sitler,  Anna  L.,  M.  Di.,  '96. 

Starks,  Nellie  M.,  Principal  of  High  School,  Belle  Plaine. 
Stinson,  Maude  M.,  Teacher,  Spokane,  Wash. 
Thompson,  Geo.  D.,  Attorney  at  Law,  Webster  City. 

Married  Mary  P.  Howd,  1890. 
Veatch,  Wm.,  L.,  Photographer,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married  Izola  Albright,  December  24,  1891. 
Wallace,  Lizzie  R.,  Mrs.  R.  W.  Patterson,  New  York  City. 

Married    June  11,   1902. 
Wallbank,  Nellie  B.,  Mount  Pleasant. 
Weinchenck,  Lizzie  A.,  Mrs.  John  A.  Eberle,  The  Dalles,  Ore. 

Married   June  29,  1897. 


48  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

White,  Ava  Floy,  Mrs.  H.  L.  Chase,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married   June  27,  1894. 
Williams,  Ada,  Superintendent  of  M.  E.  Chinese  Mission,  294 

Illinois  St.,  Pasadena,  Cal. 
Wilson,  Edmund  B.,  Attorney  at  Law,  Jefferson. 

LL.  B.,  Drake  University,  '95. 

Married  Minnie  Ains worth,  June  10,  1892. 
Wilson,  Janet. 
Young-,  Susie  A.,  Missionary,  American  United  Presbyterian 

Mission,  Zafarnal  Sialkot  District,  Pan  jab,  India. 

Class  1891. 

< 

Adams,  Romanzo  C,  Ml  Di.,  '92. 

Andrews,  Alsina  M.,     Matron     and     Principal  of  Training 

School,  Hector's  River,  Jamaica,  W.  I. 
Ashbrook,  Minnie  D.,  Primary  Teacher,  Marshalltown. 
Boland,  Ella  A. 
Boland,  Winnifred  L. 
Both  well,  Gertrude,  Mrs.  J.  T.  Deitz,  Fairbanks. 

Married    March,  1893. 
Butler,  Florence  M. 
Church,  Mae,  Belmond. 
Clayton,  J.  Ellsworth,  ML  Di.,  '94. 
Conner,  Etta  B.,  Mrs.  D.  T.  Travis,  2726  Menlo  Ave.,  Los 

Angeles,  Cal. 
Married   February  10,  1903. 
Crary,  E.  Avery,  M.  Di.,  '92. 
Crew,  Mary  A.,  Mrs.  S.  C.  Boedcher,  Ellensburg,  Wash. 

Married    October  1,   1897. 
Donahue,  Bertha  J.,  Mrs.  Bert  Murphy. 

Mjarried  in  April,  1894. 
Drew,  Mary  E.,  Nurse,  Chicago,  111. 
Elwood,  Ralph  A.,  M.  Di.,  '97. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  49 

Emry,  Martha  E-,  Principal  of  High  School,  Fairfield. 

Ph.B.,  S.  U.  L,  '98. 
England,  Mary,  Principal  of  Webster  School,  Oskaloosa. 
Evers,  H.  Beatrice,  Mrs.  Jas.  A.  Caughey. 

Married    March  9,  1897. 
Gilchrist,  Fred  C,  Attorney  at  Law,  Laurens. 

LL.B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '93. 

Married  Ellen  Hurley,  June  17,  1896. 
Graham,  Florence  M.,  Mrs-  H.  J.  Clark,  Des  Moines. 

Married   September  25,  1894. 
Gunn,  Nell  J.,.  Mrs.  Albert  E.  Stocker. 

Married    December  2,    1897. 
Gwynne,  Carrie  L.,  Mrs.  H.  L.  Talkinoton,  388  Fourth  St., 

Lewiston,  Idaho. 

Married  June  29,  1892. 
Hall,  Chas.  E. 

Hammerly,  Clyde  C,  M.  Di.,  '92. 
Hartshorn,  Harriet  B.,  Mrs.  H.  G.  Gardner,  Morrison,  111. 

Married   December  12,  1894. 
Helphrey,  May  E.,  Mrs.  Win.  A.  Nixon. 

Married    June  28,   1899. 
Hooker,  Geo.  A.,  Principal  of  Garfield  School,  Grand  Junc- 
tion, Colo. 

Married  Delia  Warburton,  October  26,   1891. 
Lenocker,  i,icsa  B.,  Mrs,  Fred  H.  Fitting,  Dexter. 

Married    October  26,   1899. 
Livingood,  Anna  E. 
Lynde,  Alice,"  Mrs,  E,  F.  Strohbelm,  Davenport. 

Married   November  13,  1895. 
Martin,  Chas.  R.,  Undertaker,  Dumont. 

Married  Louisa  Lathrop,  December  26,  1894. 
McLaughlin,  Jesse  L.%,  M'.  Di.,  '92. 
McNally,  Jessie  M.,  Mrs.  Henry  H.  Amos,  Charles  City.     (In 

Vienna,  Austria,  during  year  1904.). 

Married   September,  1893. 


SO  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Mills,  Mary  A.,  Ames. 

Moffit,  Eva  F. 

Moore,  E.  Linnie,  Mrs.  C.  B.  Miller,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married   June  28,  1894. 
Parsons,  Louis  M. 
Piatt,  Thomas  B.    . 

Married  Lillie  Hutchinson,  October  6,  1897. 
Raymond,  Jennie  E. 
Reed,  Amy  G.,  Mrs.  W.  L.  Gifford. 

Married    December  29,  1898. 
Reynolds,  Alvin  E.,  Farmer,  Navarre,  Kan. 

Married  Anna  E.  Wilson,  August  22,  1893. 
Rhoad,  Maud  R.,  M.  Di.,  '97. 
Rhodes,  Daniel,  M.  Di.,  '92. 
Schmid,  Mollie,  Mrs.  Fred  C.  Stitser,  Worthington,  Minn. 

Married   June  11,  1805. 
Scott,  Mary,  M.  Di.,  '94. 
Seablom,  Sadie  M. 

Stonerook,  S.  B.,  Jr.,  Editor,  Iowa  Falls. 
Strasser,  Florence  L.,  Mrs.  Elmer  King  Hughey,  Bellevue. 

Married  January  26,  1903. 
Stubbs,  Lurton  D.,  M!.  E.  Minister,  Walker. 

Married  Hattie  J.  Toppin,  September  26,  1894. 
Taylor,  Wm.  D.,  Farmer,  Barnes. 
Thomas,  Samuel  L.,  M.  Di.,  '92. 
Welty,  Harvey  A.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,   Ruthven,  la. 

Married  Grace  L.  Yearous,  October  6,  1898. 
Whitaker,  Dorcas,  Missionary,    Vinukonda,    Kistna   District, 

India. 
Wilson,  Adam  M.,  M.  Di.,  '94. 
Wilson,  W.  Walter,  M.  Di.,  '92. 

Class  1892. 

Anderson,  Theo.,  M.  Di.,  '93. 
Andrews,  Lewis  H.,  M.  Di.,  '93. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  51 

Arey,  Rodney  M.,  M.  Di.,  '93. 

Barnell,  Youell  G.,  M.  Di.,  '94. 

Bartine,  Chas.  W.,  M.  Di.,  '93. 

Bartine,  W.  W„  M.  Di.,  '93. 

Bartlett,  Mary  E.,  Mrs.  Austin  Burt,  415  Allen  St.,  Waterloo. 

A.  B.,  Iowa  College,  '95. 

Married    January  18,   1898. 
Bechly,  Mary  E.,  M.  Di.,  '93. 
Bell,  Amy  D.,  Mrs.  F.  H.  Ridgeway,  Hampton. 

Married    October  14,   1896. 
Bixby,  May,  Mrs.  A.  E.  Woodward,  Grooms,  N.  Y. 

Married    September   16,   1902. 
Blank,  Ivah  G.,  Mts.  J.  E.  Clayton,  Hamburg. 

Married  January  2,  1896. 
Button,  H.  Eugene,  M.  Di.,  '97. 

Married  Jean  Campbell  Bassett,  March  17,   1894. 
Calderwood,  Etta,  M.  Di.,  '98. 
Calderwood,  Mae,  M.  Di.,  '99. 
Chapman,  Leslie  A.  L,  M.  Di.,  '93. 
Cooper,  Morris  W.,  M.  Di.,  '98. 
Down,  Mary  A.,  Mrs.  Albert  Hanson,  Kiron. 

Married    March  10,   1898. 
Elder,  Angie  J.,  M.  Di.,  '93. 
Fields,  Chas.  A.,  M.  Di.,  '93. 
Fields,  Isabella  F.,  M.  Di.,  '93. 
Flater,  Ella,  Mrs.  Bruce  Francis,  Williamsburg. 

Married  December  27,  1892. 
Ford,  Edgar  A. 

Married  Jennie  Bohen. 
Guthridge,  Walter,  M.  Di.,  '93. 
Hagarty,  Patrick  H.  L.,  Teacher,  St.  John's  College,  Belize, 

British  Honduras. 

S.  J.,  St.  Stanislas  Seminary,  '98. 
Hahn,  S.  Otis. 


52  IOWA   STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Hearst,  Clam  G.,  Mrs.  J.  G.  McAlvin,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married   June  7,  1898. 
Henness,  Olive  L,  Mrs,  Robert  P.  Miller. 

Mlarried    March  31,   1896. 
Herrick,  Mamie  P.,  Mrs.  W.  T.   Longcor. 

Married   June  29,  1898. 
Humphrey,  Maude,  M.  Di.,  '94. 
Johnson,  J.  Edward,  M.   Di.,  '96. 
Johnson,  Osmond,     Lutheran     Minister,     Blooming     Prairie, 

Minn. 

Married  Lenora  Fyelstad,  October  19,  1897. 
Keeler,  Ray  W. 

Married  Clara  Winget,  December  26,  1895. 
Keeler,  S.  Sophie,  M.  Di.,  '94. 
Kingsbury,  Stella  M.,  Mrs.  C.  M.  Wyth,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married    September,  1893. 
Klein,  Elizabeth,  Eighth  Grade  Teacher,  Moline,  111. 
Knickerbocker,  Florence,  Mrs.  M.  W.  Mattison,  622  Prairie 

Ave.,  Beloit,  Wis. 

Married  June  21,   1899. 
Kuehne,  Chas.  P.,  M1.  Di.,  '95. 
Lees,  Annie,  M.  Di.,  '93. 
Manifold,  Wm.  H. 

B.  P.  D.,  Colorado  State  Normal  School. 

Married  Fanny  Noble,  June,   1897. 
McGee,  Joseph  C,  Waterloo. 
Mcintosh,  Isabel. 
McKim,  Cora  A.,  Mrs.  W.  G.  Brown. 

Married   June  26,  1895. 
McMahon,  Andrew  P. 

LL.B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '95. 
McManus,  Thos.  U.,  M.  Di.,  '93. 
Miller,  Frank  G.,  M.  Di.,  '93. 
Morgan,  Ida. 

Married. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  53 

Mowry,  N.  Vinnie,  Principal  of  High  School,  Odebolt. 

Nettle,  Clara  B. 

Newberry,  Kate,  Strawberry  Point. 

Nutting,  Belle  H.,  Mrs.  Theo.  Kerner. 

Married   March  31,  1897. 
Overfelt,  Kate  L.,  Mrs.  Eugene  K.  Annas. 

Married   August  27,  1898. 
Pierce,  De  Ett,  Cedar  Falls. 
Pratt,  Bertha. 
Richardson,  Allie  L.,  Mrs.  Frederick  Hargrave. 

Mlarried    June  3,   1893. 
Segner,  Jessie,  Mrs.  A.  A.  Crabbe,  Traer. 
Severance,  Chas.  F.,  M.  Di.,  '00. 

Married  Luella  Thompson. 
Sheffer,  Emma,  Mrs.  H.  W.  Sawyer,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married  June  29,  1893. 
Silliman,  Emma,  Mrs.  Clarence  Wise,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married   October  4,  1893. 
Smith,  Maude,  Mrs.  Stewart. 

Married    August  22,    1894. 
Spargur,  Cora  F.,  Mrs.  R.  W.  Gibson,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married   September  15,  1897. 
Speer,  Lula,  Cedar  Falls. 
Speer,  Minnie  ML,  Mrs.  Curtis  H.  Brown,  Traer. 

Married    June  22,   1893. 
Steimel,  Matie  B.,  Special  Agent  New  York  Life  Ins.   Co., 

Waterloo. 
Sullivan,  Agnes,  Mrs.  John  T.  Kearns,  Dubuque. 

Married   April  25,  1899. 
Taylor,  Cora  E.,  Mrs.  G.  A.  Stewart,  Eldora. 

Married   June  3,  1896. 
Thompson,  Chas.  M. 

Married  Bertha  V.  Berry  in  1894. 
Thorburn,  Andrew  L.,  M1.  Di.,  '93. 
Tuttle,  Stella,  M.  Di.,  '93. 


54  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Unrau,  Emma  S.,  Mrs.  C.  A.  Methfessel,  Clarksville. 

Married  March  13,  1895. 
Vaughan,  Nora  M.j  Mrs.  Geo.  H.  Sawyer,  Osage. 
Welles,  Geo.  E.,  Traveling  Agent  Silver,  Burdett  &  Co.,  2728 

Stevens  Ave.,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 

Married  Alma  E.  Smith,  September  4,  1894. 
Wescott,  Le  Roy  A.,  M.  Di.,  '94. 
Wright.  Marv  E.,  Mrs.  Ezra  Brainerd. 

Married    December  25,   1897. 

Class  1893. 

Achenbach,  Mary,  Mrs.  W.  H.  Fairchild,  Gladbrook. 
Married   March  15,  1900. 

Aldricn,  Harry  E.,  Traveling  Agent,   Equitable  Life   Insur- 
ance Co.,  Cedar  Falls. 
Married  Mary  E.  Tolerton,  July  1,   1896. 

Andrews,  M.  Adell.,  M.  Di.,  '00. 

Arey,  Ethel  L,,  M.  Di.,  '95. 

Asquith,  Allie  D.,  M.  Di.,  '95. 

Blackburn,  Clara  J.,  Primary  Teacher,  The  Sherman,  Omaha, 
Neb. 

Blackmar,  H.  E.,  M.  Di.,  '94. 

Briggs,  Geo.  N.,  Teacher  in  Philippines. 
A.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '97. 

Brooks,  Etta,  Mrs.  F.  C.  Woods. 
Married  July  14,  1896. 

Burgess,  Elizabeth,  M.  Di.,  '96. 

Bushyager,  Genetta,  Student,  State  Normal  School,  Greeley, 
Colo. 

Byers,  J.  Raoul,  M.  Di.,  '94. 

Calkins,  Addie,  Mrs.  W.  J.  Frederick. 
Married    March  20,   1894. 

Carr,  Iona  Maud,  Mrs.  Henry  Bertram,  R.  F.  D.,  No.  3,  Mus- 
catine. 
Married   April  20,  1898. 


IOWA   STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  55 

Champion,  Annie,  Mrs.  R.  S.  Fonda,  Osage. 

Married   December  31,  1896. 
Childs,  Gertrude,  Mrs.  A.  A.  Gillette,  Atlantic. 

Married   June  20,  1900. 
Claypool,  Florence. 
Cobb,  Chas.  S.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Hot  Springs,  S. 

Dak. 

Married  Jessie  R.   Scott,  June,    1900. 
Coddington,  Sherman  M.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Parker, 

S.  Dak. 

Married  Anna  L.  Darnbrough,  December  27,  1896. 
Comstock,  Albert  L.,  Private  Secretary,  542  Fifth  Ave.,  New 

York  City. 
Conner,  Gertrude,  Teacher,  Seattle,  Wash. 
Crane,  Ezra  E,,  M.  Di.,  '94. 
Crary,  Stella,  Mrs.  O.  M.  Barnes,  Whitten. 

Married  November  6,  1895. 
Cunningham,  Kate,  Cedar  Falls. 
^aty>  J-  ]•■>  Physician,  Charles  City. 

ML  D.,  Northwestern  University,   '98. 
Davies,  Lulu,  Mrs.  J.  P.  Van  Horn. 

Married    August  12,  1896. 
DeGraffe,  M.  Franc,  High  School  Assistant,  Fonda. 
Down,  Ada  J.,  Mrs.  C.  J.  E.  Hanson. 

Married   February  26,  1895. 
Draper,  Clarence  A. 
Faris,  Ina  M.,  M.  Di.,  '95. 
Fellingham,  John  H.,  M.  Di.,  '94. 
Fesenbeck,  Ida,  ML  Di.,  '94. 
Fluke,  Mary  Kathleen,  M.  Di.,  '94. 
Foster,  Alice. 

Frederick,  Chas.  A.,  M.  Di.,  '93.  . 
Gait,  B.  Esma,  Mrs.  Wm.  Gordon  McCornack,  Traer. 

Married    November  12,  1902. 


56  IOWA   STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Grobel,  Olive,  First  Grade  Teacher,  Sauk  Center,  Minn. 
Grundy,  Maud,  Mrs.  Louis  Rittger,  Morrison ville,  111. 

Married    January  i,    1896. 
Hall,  Lulu  A.,  Mrs.  G.  Frank  Mills. 

Married  June  30,  1897. 
Harvey,  Oliver  M.,  M.  Di.,  '94. 
Heightshoe,  Agnes  E,,  M.  Di.,  '03. 
Hendrickson,  Julia  J.,  Albert  Lea,  Minn. 
Henry,  Chas.  A.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Palouse,  Wash 

Married  Mary  L.  Fawcett,  December  26,  1893. 
Heverly,  Emma  S.,  Deaconess  M.  E.  Church,   Burlington. 
Huntley,  Beth  A.,  Mrs.  Adam  M.  Willson,  Bald  Mountain, 

Colo, 

Married    August  7,   1895. 
Hussey,  Lenora  A.,  Teacher  of  Latin,  High  School,  Minne- 
apolis, Minn. 

Ph.B.,  S.  U.  L,  '03. 
Jeffers,  Lissa  A.,  Mrs.  Peter  ML  Fulton,  Gayville,  S.  Dak. 

Married   September  8,  1898. 
Johnson,  Nellie,  M.  Di.,  '96. 
Knocke,  Kate,  M.  Di.,  '03. 

Lacey,  F.  A.,  Physician,  622  Walsworth  Ave.,  Oakland,  Cal. 
Laird,  Fannie  K.,  M.  Di.,  '94. 

Langdon,  Ila  G.,  Deputy  County  Auditor,  Grundy  Center. 
Lees,  James  H.,  M.  Di.,  '97. 
Lyon,  Arthur  L.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Garden  Grove. 

Married  Estelja  E.  Phillips,  August  5,   1902. 
Mack,  Florence,  M.  Di.,  '97. 
Miagee,  Carlton  C,  M.  Di.,  '94. 
Magill,  Rose  E.,  Mrs.  E.  D.  Weston,  69  West  48th  St.,  New 

York  City. 

Married    December  26,   1903. 
Maguire,  Marie  E.,  M.  Di.,  '94. 
Marsh,  Vinnie  L.,  M.  Di.,  '94. 
Marshall,  Florence  R.,  Principal  of  High  School,  Sigourney. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  57 

Martin,  Myra  E.,  Tripoli  . 

McConnell,  R.  C,  Merchant,   Monmouth,   111. 

Married    Edith  Neely,  December,  1894. 
McGregor,  Rachael,  Mrs.  G.  A.  Reaugh. 

Married  October  24,  1895. 
McKay,  Mae,  Mrs.  Algyer,  Decorah. 
Mintier,  Rose,  Principal  of  Schools,  West  Chester. 
Mlount,  Lucy. 

A.  B.,  Leland  Stanford  Junior  University,   '96. 
Munro,  Cora  E.,  2106  W.  Pico  St.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 
Neely,  Edith  A.,  M.  Di.,  '94. 
Newcomb,  Lulu,  Mrs.  L.  A.  Knapp,  141 5  N.  D  St.,  Fremont, 

Neb. 

Married   June  24,   1903. 
Orcutt,  Elsie. 
Perkins,  Frank  W.,  M.  Di.,  '99. 

Married  Jeanette  Gemmel,  December  23,  1897. 
Pollock,  Emma  E.,  Mrs.  Irving  M.  Pritchard,  Milliner.  Sibley. 

Married  November   15,    1899. 
Randall,  Emma  J.,  Mrs.  J.  A.  Valenta,  Iowa  City. 

Married   June  20,   1899. 
Raymond,  Elma,  Student,  Leland  Stanford  Junior  University, 

412  Kipling  St.,  Palo  Alto,  Cal. 
Rice,  Bloomer  B.,  Farmer,  Grand  Island,  Neb. 
Sala,  Ida  M.,  Mrs.  Geo.  J.  Breitenstein,  Keokuk. 

Married    September  26,  1899. 
Savage,  Edna  S.,  Mrs.  Robert  Balderson,  Veo. 

Married  March  18,  1897. 
Schwertley,  Kate,  M.  Di.,  '94. 
Scurry,  Ella  F.,  Mrs.  W.  E.  Collins,  Ellsworth,  Minn. 

Married    August  17,    1897. 
Sherrett,  Emma,  High  School  Assistant,  Sigournev. 
Smith,  Lucie  M.,  M.  Di.,  '94. 
Sokol,  Blanche,  Mrs..  Wm.  D.   Shuttleworth,  Ocheyedan. 

Married    June  23,  1896. 


58  IOWA   STATE  NORMAL,  SCHOOL. 

Staves,  Marguerite,  Mrs.  Emery  Jones. 

Married    November  24,   1902. 
Steele,  Mary  E.,  Bookseller,  Knoxville. 
Streeter,  Florence,  Mrs.  W.  W.  Goodykoontz,  Boone. 

Married    December  31,   1900. 
Stuckrath,  J.  H.,  High  School  Teacher,  Tipton,  Indiana. 

Married  Susan  Graham,  July  22,  1897. 
Sweetzer,  Lucy  J. 
Thielen,  Michael  H.,  M.  Di.,  '94. 
Thompson,  Janie  K.,  M.  Di.,  '98. 
Torney,  Samuel  J.,  Ml.  Di.,  '96. 
Traver,  Ruth,  Milford. 
Webster,  Elwood  F. 
Wier,  Jennie  E.,  Assistant  Professor  of  History,  University 

of  Nevada,  Reno,   Nev. 

B.  A.,  Leland  Stanford  Junior  University,  '01. 
Williams,  Edward  B.,  Physician,  Montezuma. 

M.  D.,  S.  U.  L,  '99. 

Married  Alice  Farmer,  March  28,  1900. 
Wilson  Richard  L.,  M.  Di.,  '94. 
Wood,  Lucy  M. 

M.  D.,  N.  W.  University  Medical  School,  '01. 
Wood,  Eleanor,  Mrs.  Frank  N.  Phelps. 

Married    September  8,   1897. 
Younkin,  Samuel,  M.  Di.,  '94. 

Class  1894. 

Albertson,  W.  E. 

Married  Mae  F.   Severin,  June  8,   1896. 
Allen,  Frank  M.,  Agent  Correspondence  School,  Sioux  City. 

Married  Mabel  Long,  December  31,   1897. 
Allison,  Emma  F.,  Mrs.  Chas.  C.  Deering,  11 15  Seventh  St., 

Des  Moines. 

Married    October  2,   1902. 


IOWA   STATE  NORMAL.  SCHOOL.  59 

Amsden,  Elmer  E. 

B.  PecL,  Colorado  State  Normal  School,  '98. 
Archer,  Fannie,  Mrs.  Fred  Van  Dorn,  New  Hampton. 
Arnold,  Elsie  I.,  Mrs.  F.  W.  Hicks,  Springdale. 

Married    October  23,   1900. 
Baker,  Austin  A.,  Agent  N.  Y.  Life  Ins.  Co.,  Livermore. 

Married  Melissa  Rig-by,  July  4,   1897. 
Ball,  Frances  E.,  Teacher,  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 

Married  Alpha  J.  Keene,  June  28,  1899. 
Beckwith,  Fannie,  Mrs.  Chas.  M.  Small,  Clinton. 

Married    August  19,  1903. 
Bedford,  Clara  M.,  Mrs.  Frank  L.  Vanderveer,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married    November  24,  1897. 
Boal,  Agnes  N. 
Boyle,  John  W.,  M3.  Di.,  '95. 
Bradshaw,  Jessie  L.,  Des  Moines. 
Brannan,    Mary,   First    Primary   Teacher,   Township   School, 

Albion. 
Briggs,  Walter  H.,  Physician,  Ewing,  Neb. 

M.  D.,  S.  U.  I.,  '98. 

Married  Grace  Hoy,  December  25,   1901. 
Brown,  Lena,  Mrs.  Chas.  A.  Kent,  Charles  City. 

Married    August  27,  1895. 
Bushvager,   Geo.   L.,   Cashier,   Coweta   State  Bank,   Coweta, 

I.  T. 

Married  Myrtle  Scott,  1899. 
Clark,  Maude  V.,  Mrs.  H.  T.  Lewis,  Payette  Valley,  Idaho. 

Married  in  1899. 
Collins,  W.  E.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Ellsworth,  Minn. 

Married  Ella  Scurry,  August  17,   1897. 
Copeland,  Edwin  G.,  M.  Di.,  '95. 
Cross,  Frances,  General  Secretary  Y.  W.  C.  A.,  Germantown, 

Pa. 
Curtis,  Edith  H.,  M.  Di.,  '95. 
Dayton,  Mabel  E.,  Cedar  Falls. 


60  IOWA   STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Dimmitt,  Bdeniah,  Ex-County  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Ot- 

tumwa. 
Dodd,  Clara  E.,  Mrs.  Samuel  D.  Heide,  Maquoketa. 

Married    December  25,   1902. 
Duff,  Celia,  Mrs.  Benj.  McKeen,  Milford. 

Married   October  25,  1900. 
Eaton,  Isaac  N.,  Assistant  Principal,  Anaconda,  Mont. 
Eckhard,  Clara  D.,  Mrs.  Orlando  Keck,  Rock  Rapids. 

Married    April  8,   1896. 
Elderkin,  Louisa,  Mrs.  R.  L.  Setzer,  Butte  City,  Mont. 

Married   March  19,  1900. 
Ellingson,  Joseph  W.,  Farmer,  McHenry,  N.  Dak. 
Ensign,  Forest  C.,  M.  Di.,  '95. 
Fitzgerald,  James  E.,  M.  Di.,  '95. 
Fort,  Blanche  M.,  Mrs.  W.  C.  McGrath,  Eaeb  Grove. 

Married  in  June,  1896. 
Francis,  Carrie,  Mrs.  Milo  E.  Brown,  Earlham. 

Married    December  23,   1896. 
Frye,  Lizzie  M.,  Seventh  Grade  Teacher,  2006  Harrison  St., 

Davenport. 
Fullerton,  Robert,  M.  Di.,  '95. 
Greer,  Elizabeth,  Mrs.  E.  J.  Parman,  Decorah. 

Married   June  22,  1899. 
Gunn,  Abbie  Ruth,  Mrs.   Samuel  Younkin,  Washington. 

Married    September-23,  1896. 
Hallingby,  Jennie,  Teacher,  Osage. 
Harding,  Estella,  Mrs.  H.  L.  Adams,  Cedar  Rapids. 

Married    May  6,  1903. 
Harper,  Jennie,  Mrs.  B.  L.  Palmerton,  Clinton  Falls,  Minn. 

Married    July  5,  1900. 
Harrison,  Ada  Mlay,  Mrs.  E.  L.  Erickson,  Story  City, 

Married    June  28,   1899. 
Hassel,  Maurice  R.,   Principal  of  Schools,  Lake  Park. 

Married  Fannie  A.  Fairbanks,  December  27,  1894. 
Herrick,  Sarah  E. 


IOWA   STATE   NORMAL  SCHOOL.  61 

Hibben,  Hettie  W.,  Rural  School  Teacher,  Kenwood  Park. 
Hieber,  E.  Sophia,  Mrs.  Ernest  Pfeiffer,  Oelwein. 

Married    June  23,  1903. 
Hollis,  Harlin  R.,  M.  Di.,  '95. 
Howard,  Kittie  M.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Auburn. 
Hughes,  Mina,  Mrs.  J.  W.  Merrill,  Beatrice,  Neb. 

Married    August  30,    1900. 
Jones,  Katherine  M.,  Abstracter,  Fairfield. 
Kelley,  James  H.,  M.  Di.,  '97. 
Leibrock,  Ella,  Mrs.  F.  E.  Schmidt,  Lincolnville,  Kan. 

Married    August  5,  1896. 
Leonard,  Edward  J.,  M.  Di.,  '95. 
Lewis,  Chas.  Levi,  M.  Di.,  '95. 
Long,  Wm.  E.,  Physician,  Rockford. 

M.  D.,  College  of  Physicians     and     Surgeons,  Chicago, 

111.,  '99. 

Married  Sue  Lyon,  June  5,  1901. 
Lumpe,  Eleanor  M.,  Mrs.  D.  J.  Wild,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married    March  25,  1896. 
Maclean,  Elizabeth,  M.  Di.,  '00. 
Maher,  Kittie,  Mrs.  Maurice  O'Connor,  Fort  Dodge. 

Married    June   10,   1902. 
Marsh,  Lulu,  Greeley,  Colo. 
McKeen,  Benjamin,  Baptist  Minister,  Milford. 

Married  Celia  Duff,  October  25,   1900. 
McManus,  Owen  J.,  M.  Di.,  '96. 
Minkel,  Lewis  H.,  M.  Di.,  '95. 
Montgomery,  Maggie,  M.  Di.,  '02. 
Morris,   Louie. 

Mueller,  Herman  A.,  M.  Di.,  '95. 
Oleson,  Ole  N.,  M.  Di.,  '95. 
Orr,  Olive,  Fourth  Grade  Teacher,  Decorah. 
Perkins,  Daniel  R.,  M.  Di.,  '95. 
Perkins,  Laura  D.,  Mrs.  J.  C.  Saltzman,  Mt.  Ayr. 

Married    May  15,  1895. 


62  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Perry,  Blanche,  Mrs.  Clinton  E.  Brown,  1410  Clark  St.,  Des 

Moines. 

Married  June,  1899. 
Potwin,  Grace  E.,  Independence. 
Rail,  Anna,  Mrs.  Wm,  C.  Nuhn,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married  August  18,  1897. 
Rail,  Edward  E,,  M.  Di.,  '95  . 
Reever,  Wm.  H.,  M.  Di.,  '95. 
Rhine,  Alice,  Mrs.  A.  W.  McBlain,  Thornburg. 

Married    February  to,  1897. 
Ripke,  Mary  H.,  M.  Di.,  '95. 
Roberts,  Artie  Ruth,  Mrs.  Willis  M.  Brooks,  Creston. 

Married    March   15,   1898. 
Roberts,  Edith  C. 
Rogers,  Earl  B.,  M.  Di.,  '96. 
Rose,  Erdena,  Grade  Teacher,  Cedar  Falls. 
Royce,  Marie,  Mrs.  James  S.  McKee. 

Married  March  28,  1899. 
Savage,  Harry  H.,  M.  Di.,  '95. 
Shannon,  Lena  T.,  Mrs.  A.  M.  Gray. 

Married    August  6,   1896. 
Shearer,  Mabel,   High  School  Assistant,   Neola. 
Smith,  Alma  E.,   Mrs.   Geo.   E.  Welles,  2728  Stevens  Ave., 

Minneapolis,   Minn. 

Married   September  4,  1894. 
Snider,  Wm.  E.,  M.  Di.,  '95. 
Spicer,  Lucy,  M.  Di.,  '00. 
Steidl,  Alois  L. 

Married  Lottie  Parsons,  July  8,  1896. 
Stewart,  Frances. 
Stinson,  Chas.  E.,  M.  Di.,  '95. 
Stinson,  Harriet  A.,  Mrs.  Ray  C.  McMillan,  Red  Oak. 

Married  August  29,  1900. 
St.  John,  Alice,  Mrs.  Lester  B.  Parsons,  Sibley. 

Married,  August  27,    1901. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  63 

St.  John,  Helen  A.,  Mrs.  L.  G.  Hill,  317  Washington  Ave., 

Watertown,  S.  Dak. 

Married   June  30,  1896. 
Stone,  Cora  A.,  Mrs.  Wm.  Cousins. 

Married    February  24,   1897. 
Taubman,  Olive  M.,  Mrs,  Harvey  Jewell,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married    June  25,  1896. 
Titus,  Cynthia   C,  Mrs.   Wight,   108^    State  St.,   Marshall- 
town. 

Married    April  17,   1902. 
Turner,  Earl  J. 

LL.B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '99. 
Van  Metre,  Sallie  D.,  Private  Nurse,  Tipton. 
Vial,  Ruth  L,  Mrs.  Nelson  Eastman. 
Wesche,  Orianna  P.,  Teacher,  Earlville. 
Wise,  Bertha,  Bible  Teacher  in  Chicago  Training  School  for 

City,  Home  and  Foreign  Missions,  4949  Indiana  Ave., 

Chicago,  111. 

B.  L-,  University  of  Michigan,  '98. 
Woods,  Frank  C,  M.  Di.,  '95. 
Wyant,  Bertha  V.,  M.  Di.,  '97. 

Class  1895. 

Adams,  May,  Mrs.  Howard  E.  Barto,  Fairmont,  Minn. 

Married   June  29,  1898. 
Anderson,  Mary  A.,  High  School  Teacher,  Hampton. 
Anderson,  Maude  F.,  Mrs,  W.  R.  Sandy,  Rockwell  City. 

Married    July   25,    1900. 
Arey,  Amy  F.,  M.  Di.,  '97. 
Benson,  Chas.,  Teacher  Western  Iowa  College,  Council  Bluffs. 

Married  Allie  D.  Asquith,  December  27,   1899. 
Beard,  Bertha,  M.  Di.,  '96. 
Bell,  Myrtle  C,  M.  Di.,  '96. 
Bettenga,    Everett   P. 

Ph.B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '97. 


64  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Binford,  Mabel,  Mrs.  C.  D.  Mills,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married    June  30,   1897. 
Bradway,  Eulalia  Grace,  Mrs.  R.  W.  Carter,  Sergeant  Bluff. 

Married    December  29,    1898. 
Brhel,  Vlasta  S.,  Grade  Teacher,  Marshalltown. 
Brooke,  Edith,  High  School  Assistant,  West  Liberty. 
Brown,  May  A.,  High  School  Assistant,  Shelby. 
Buckley,  Chas.  E.,  Superintendent  of  Schools.  Anamosa. 

Married   Elizabeth  McDowell,  December  27,  1898. 
Burns,  Ethel  A.,  Third  Primary  Teacher,  Le  Mars. 
Burris,  C.  Beulah,  Mrs.  Albert  W.  McCallum,  Sibley. 

Married    June  25,   1902. 
Burris,  Walter  G.,  M.  Di.,  '96. 
Butterfield,  Norma  G.,  Mrs.  Geo.  M.  Menwin. 

Married    December  26,  1899. 
Chick,   Myrtie  D.,   Cherokee. 
Christopher,  Amnion  O.,  Principal  of  Logan  School,  Fairfield. 

Married  May  L.  Kennedy;  May  23,   1899. 
Dale,  Lillian,  Teacher,  2315  Lmiversity  Ave.,  Des  Moines. 
Davidson,  W.  T.,  County  Superintendent  and  Editor  Spirit 

Lake   Herald,   Spirit   Lake. 

Married  Elizabeth  Mann,  January  1,   1896. 
Davis,  Debbie,  M.  Di.,  '97. 
Ebersole,  Cora  L. 
Ede,  Ernest  D.,  M.  Di.,  '99. 
Edwards,  Minnie  A.,  M.  Di.,  '96. 
Elderkin,  Silas  D.,  Ranchman,  Butte  City,  Mont. 
Emery,  Fannie  E.,  Mrs.  A.  L.  Haines,  Charles  City. 

Married    August  31,  1897. 
Evans,  Alma  E,,  M.  Di.,  '01. 
Ewers,  Albert  F.,  M.  Di.,  '00. 

Married  Mildred  Hickenlooper,  June  30,  1897. 
Fellingham,  Adeline  L.,  Mrs.  C.  H.  Van  Metre,  Alden. 

Married    October  8,  1902. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  55 

Galloway,  George,  M,  Di.,  'oi. 

Married  Bertha  Seward,  December  26,   1895. 
Gibson,  Adella  J.,  Mrs.  Joseph  H.  Stuckey,  238  E.  30th  St., 

Kansas  City,   Mo. 

Married    January    1,    1902. 
Gorsuch,  Joseph  H. 
Graham,  Joseph  W.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Adel. 

A.  B.,  S.  U.  I,  '02. 

Married  Ruth  Penrose,  December  23,   1902. 
Gray,  Alma,  Mrs.  Chas.  A.  Fullerton,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married    June  23,   1897. 
Gray,    Arthur   M. 

Married  Lena  T.  Shannon,  August  6,  1896. 
Grimes,  John  W.,  Real  Estate  Agent,  Woodbine. 

Married  Maud  Love,  August  15,  1900. 
Hahn,   Amy. 

Hall,  Bessie,  Mrs.  F.  N.  Foote,  Nevada. 
Hall,  Jennie  E.     • 
Halsey,  Julia  I.,  Mrs.  Chas.  Johnson. 

Married    June  15,  1898. 
Harrod,  Katie,  Mrs.  Geo.  Forby,  Montezuma. 

Married  June  15,  1898. 
Held,  Lillie  M.,  Osteopath  Physician,  Le  Mars. 

D.  O.,  '01. 
Hemenway,  Susie  A.,  Teacher,  East  Waterloo. 
Hibbs,  Orrin  E.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Farnhamville. 
Kelly,  Mollie,  High  School  Teacher,  Perry. 
Kepford,  Uyton  B.,  Life  Insurance  Agent,  Waterloo. 
Knickerbocker,  Mary  Edith,  Mrs.  Chas.  Kellogg,  Charles  City. 

Married   August  11,  1900. 
Learned,  Cora  A.,  Mrs.  G.  W.  Hursey,  Teacher,  Upland,  Cal. 

Married   July  27,  1898. 
Lyon,  Willard  H.,  M.  Di.,  '96. 
Mackin,  Maggie  E.,  Mi.  Di.,  '96. 


66  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL.  SCHOOL. 

Mason,  Alice  J.,  Mrs.  J.  J.  McCartney. 

Married    June  12,   1902. 
Maynard,  Nellie,  Mrs.  C.  A.  McChesney,  Fenton. 

Married    June  4,  1902. 
McDonald,  Sarah  A.,  High  School  Teacher,  Independence. 
McElmeel,  Owen  P.,  M.  Di.,  '96. 
Miller,  Nellie  F.,  Mrs.  F.  H.  Beedle. 
Monroe,  Edgar  R.,  M.  Di.,  '96. 
Morey,  Arthur  G.,  Lawyer,  Breckinridge,  Minn. 

LL.B.,  University  of  Minnesota,  '00. 

Married  Harriet  Eastman,  June  23,  1896. 
Muhs,   Roberta,   Camanche. 
Nims,  Myrtle,  Iowa  City.     Married. 
Paterson,  Christina,  Cherokee. 

Peterson,  Roxy  M.,  Principal  of  High  School,  Dunlap. 
Prall,  John  C,  Secretary  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  Ames. 

Ph.B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '98. 

Married  Jessie  Ervin,  August  22,  19QP. 
Quigley,  Samuel,  Head  of    English    Department,  University 

Preparatory  School,  Tonkawa,  Okla. 
Rayburn,  E.  D.,  Cashier,  First  National  Bank,  Montezuma. 

Married  Gertrude  F.  Powell,  August  24,  1898. 
Richardson,  Mary  B.,  Eighth  Grade  Teacher,  Deadwood,  S.  D. 
Rummell,  Carl  W,.  Physician  and  Surgeon,  Webster  City. 

M.  D.,  Rush  Medical  College,  '99. 

Married  Mabel  Gillett,  June  20,  1900. 
Sandy,  W.  Ross,  M.  Di.,  '97. 

Scobey,  Guy  H.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Mechanicsville. 
Singer,  Anna  M.,  M.  Di.,  '96. 
Stockman,  James  W.,  Physician,  Brooks. 

M.  D.,  S.  U.  I.,  '03. 

Married  Adelaide  G.   Chambers,  December  29,    1903. 
Thayer,  Orpha,  Mrs.  D.  M.  Forsyth,  Griswold. 

Married    April  17,  1901. 
Tyler,  Helen  A. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL,  SCHOOL.  67 

Vance,  Joe  E.,  M,  Di.,  '98. 

Waters,  Ella,  Mrs.  Robert  Fullerton,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married    June  14,  1900. 
Weldy,  Morton  E.,  M.  Di.,  '96. 
Weldy,  Nellie  E.,  M.  Di.,  '96. 
Wilburn,  Jessie  Marie,  Mrs.  Frank  M.  Hickman. 

Married    December  25,   1900. 
Wilkinson,  Lina. 
Worster,  Ida,  Mrs.  N.  H.  Tyson,  Spokane,  Wash. 

Married    August  9,  1900. 
Wyant,  Richard  M.,  M.  Di.,  '96. 

> 
Class  1896. 

Anderson,  Nellie,  Mrs.  B.  S.  Asquith,  Bellevue. 

Married    September  1,   1903. 
Arnold,  Nettie  M.,  Mrs,  C,  W.  Henderson,  14 12  Jones  St., 

Sioux  City. 

Married   May  15,  1902. 
Ballou,  Edith,  Teacher,  Ames. 
Banker,  M'innie  M.,  Mrs.  John  L.  Roberts,  Chapin. 

Married    June  22,  1899. 
Barclay,  Ethelyn  M.,  Mrs.  Roy  S.  Moore,  828  Third  Ave., 

Council  Bluffs. 

Married    June  19,  1901. 
Barnt,  Jessie  M.,  M.  Di.,  '99. 
Beeman,   John   R.,   Hardware   Merchant,    George. 

Married  Marie  Horsfall,  May  3,   1899. 
Bell,  Celia  M. 
Benson,  Myrtle  M.,  Mrs.  C.  W.  McCord,  Arlington. 

Married    June  19,  1901. 
Boyd,  Belle. 

Bronson,  Edwin  O.,  M.  Di.,  '96. 
Bunce,  Josephine  L.,  Third  Grade  Teacher,  West  Des  'Moines. 


68  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL,  SCHOOL. 

Byerly,  Eva  M.,  High  School  Teacher,  Maquoketa. 

A.  B.,  University  of  Michigan,  '01. 
Clark,  Anna  L.,  M.  Di.,  '97. 
Clayton,  Chas,  C,  M.  Di.,  '97. 

Cobb,  Berten  M.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Volga,  S.  D. 
Craney,  John  E.,  Independence. 
Crary,  Bertha  M.,  Mrs.  E.  H.  Martin,  Tripoli. 

Married    November  11,  1896.    . 
Croasdale,  Inez  S.,  Clerk,  Little  Sioux. 
Curtis,  Alice  B.,  Professor  of  English  and  Oratory,  Dean  c 

Women,  Lombard  Ladies'  Hall,  Galesburg,  111. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '03. 
Davis,  Charlotte  M.,  M.  Di.,  '97. 
DeWitt,  Catherine  O. 

Dodd,  Cora  B.,  Teacher,  Rural  School,  Maquoketa. 
Dodds,  Calvin  S.,  Ml  Di.,  '97. 
Draper,  Amy  B.,  Mrs.  Bruce  Riley,  Goldfield. 

Married    September  30,  1896. 
Eckhard,  Lydia  B.,  High  School  Assistant,  Boone. 
Eighmey,  Edith  M.,  M.  Di.,  '99. 
Fiscus,  Nina,  Mrs.  H.  C.  Cummins,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married  June  22,  1898. 
Frise,  Harry  A.,  Assistant  Observer,  Weather  Bureau,  122 

Cumberland  St.,  Little  Rock,  Ark. 

Married  Elizabeth  Winston  Goddin,  June  3,  1902. 
Gardner,  Minnie,  Mrs.  V.  A.  Barmore,  Lake  Park. 

Married  September  19,  1900. 
Gates,  Lula  A.,  Mrs.  O.  N.  Oleson,  Elliott,  N.  D. 

Married  October  3,  1901. 
Gilchrist,  Mary  L.,  Mrs.  R.  H.  Gurley,  New  Hampton. 

Married  September  7,  1898. 
Gillett,  Mabel  E.,  Mrs.   Carl  W.  Rummel,  Webster  City. 

Married  June  20,   1900. 
Glenn,  Adelaide  M.,  Mrs.  Harry  I.  Brown,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married  June  25,   1896. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL.  SCHOOL.  69 

Golden,  Marie,  Mrs,  C.  B.  Johnson,  Earlham. 

Married  May  7,   1902. 
3regg,  Mrs.  Belle,  Osage. 
Hammons,  Ida. 
Harkness,  Corinna  H.,  Mrs.  Theo.  L.  Ashford,  Boone. 

Married  September  22,   1897. 
Hartsell,  Nettie  M. 

Hayes,  Belle,  Grade  Teacher,  La  Porte  City. 
nTegner,  Emma  K.,  Mrs.  J.  R.  McNally,  1054  S.  Ervay  St., 

Dallas,  Texas. 

•Married  November  4,   1899. 
rlegner,  Wilhelmine  C,  Mrs.  H.  L.  Walter,  Decorah. 

Married  June  3,  1903. 
-Jenness,  Cora  M.,.  Mrs.  D.  A.  Martin,  Oskaloosa. 

Married  September   1,   1898. 
ligley,  Hattie  E.,  Mrs.  M.  R.  Timmerman,    High    School 

Assistant,  Wall  Lake. 

Married  August  29,   1900. 
iobbs,  Lucy  E. 

Joffman,  Jessie  Alberta,  High  School  Teacher,  Charles  City. 
Mollis,  Edward  L.,  ML  Di.,  '98. 
ioward,  Nellie  S. 
lunt,  Percival,  M.  Di.,  '97. 
Jameson  Myrtle. 

'ohnson,  Charles  F.,  M.  Di.,  '97. 
"ohnson,  Joseph  O.,  M.  Di.,  '97. 
Kennedy,  May  L.,  M.  Di.,  '97. 
Cimbell,  Harriet  A.,  Fifth  Grade  Teacher,  Manson. 
Knudsen,  K.  N.,  County  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Winne- 
bago County,  Forest  City. 
Kyler,  William  E.,  M.  Di.,  '97. 
Lambert,  Byron  J.,  M.  Di.,  '97. 
Lambert,  Emma,  M.  Di.,  '97. 
Lambert,  John  J.,  M.  Di.,  '97. 


70  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Lane,  Alvis  M.,  Letter  Carrier,  Billings,  Mont. 

Married  Jessie  M.  Snider,  June  14,   1898. 
Landis,  Maude,  M.  DL,  '98. 
Little,  Bessie,  Mrs.  A.  C.  Reisinger,  Dike. 

Married  April  11,  1899. 
Lyon,  John  D.,  Medical  Student,  N.  W.  University  Medical 

College,  2184  Archer  Ave.,  Chicago,  111. 
McDowell,  Elizabeth,  Mrs.  C.  E.  Buckley,  Anamosa. 

Married  December  27,  1898. 
McKeen,  Henry  M.,  Farmer,  Sac  City. 

Married  Mary  L.  Bock,  June  26,  1898. 
McMillen,  Edmund  H.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Emerson, 

Neb. 

Married  Martha  Harper,  July  21,    1901. 
McNally,  J.  R.,  1054  S.  Ervay  St.,  Dallas,  Texas. 

Married  Emma  K.  Hegner,  November  4,  1899. 
McNeil,  Grace  A.,  Seventh  Grade  Teacher,  210  S.  Madison 

Ave.,  Pasadena,  Cal. 
Mitchell,  Berta,  Mrs.  Wm.  T.  Robertson,  Deadwood,  S.  D. 

Married  August  8,   1900. 
Montgomery,  Eliza,  Mrs.  A.  H.  Eddy,  Oskaloosa. 

Mlarried  June  13,   1900. 
Moore,    Eva   B. 

Moore,  Minta  R.,  Fifth  Grade  Teacher,  Tipton. 
Mowry,  Alzada  B.,  Grade  Teacher,  West  Des  Moines. 
Muhs,  Mary  L.,  Science  Instructor,  Nevada. 
Mfuhs,   Edith   D.,  Superintendent  of  Nurses,  Lutheran  Hos- 
pital, La  Crosse,  Wis. 
Otis,  Caroline,  M.  Di.,  '97. 
Osier,  Ethel  L. 
Parker,  Leora  A.,  M.  Di.,  '99. 
Prall,  Thaddeus  M.,  M.  Di.,  '01. 

B.  Ped.,  Dakota  University,  '99. 
Romey,  Lulu  L. 


\ 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL,  71 

Schenck,  Erwin,  Physician  and  Surgeon,  202  Century  Bldg., 

Des  Moines. 

B.  S.,  S.  U.  I.,  '99.     M.  D.,    New  York    Homeopathic 

Medical  College,  '00. 
Schuff,    Ellen,    Department   Superintendent,    Girls'    Boarding 

School,  Guntur,  Kristna  Dist.,  India. 

B.  A.,  '00,  Carthage  College. 
Shank,  Gertrude  M.,  Mrs.  L.  F.  Richardson,  Terril. 

Mlarried  September  24,  1902. 
Shoemaker,  Alice  M.,  Mrs.  B.  B.  Welty,  Nevada. 

Married  June  14,  1900. 
Sparr,  Rosa  E.,  M.  Di.,  '97. 
Speke,   Stella  M. 
Timmerman,  M.  R.,  M.  Di.,  'oo. 
Walker,  Flora  A. 
Welty,  Bert  B.,  Attorney  at  Law,  Nevada. 

Married  Alice  Shoemaker,  June  14,  1900. 
White,  Alice  J.,  Assistant  Principal,  Dysart. 
Whited,  Lydia,  Teacher,  Brawley,  CaL 
Wilcox,  Frances,  Mrs.  Stanton  R.  Hoyt,  Webster  City. 

Mlarried  September  5,  1900. 
Williams,  Fred,  Cashier  in  Bank,  Barnes  City. 
Wing,  Lena,  Mrs.  C.  R.  McDowell,  Doon. 

Married  September  12,  1899. 
Young,  Anna  Marie,  Mrs.  M.  W.  Moulton,  Bellevue. 

Married  December  27,  1899.  • 
Youngquist,  Emma  C,  Sixth  Grade  Teacher,  Sioux  City. 

Class  1897. 

Anderson,  Margaret,  Teacher,  Hurley,  S.  D. 
Arnold,  Mae,  Mrs,  M.  D.  Grouchy. 

Married  November  8,  1899. 
Barnett,  Frances,  M.  Di.,  '00. 
Beall,  Clifford  S.,  Editor  Lakefield  Herald,  Lakefield,  Minn. 

Married  Mae  Barrows,  August  31,   1898. 


72  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL,  SCHOOL. 

Bell,  Walter  W.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Lohrville. 

Berkley,  J.  O.,  Broker,  Lincoln,  Neb. 

Bernard,  Anna  A.,  Principal  of  High  School,  Reinbeck. 

Black,  Anna  Bell,  M.  Di.,  'oo. 

Boardman,  Myrtle  A.,  Mrs.  Chas.    F.    Johnson,    153 1    12th 

St.,  Des  Moines. 

Married  June  6,  1900. 
Border,  Anna  R^,  Mrs.  A.     E.     Simpson,     Teacher,     Rural 

School,  Barnum,  Minn. 
Boyle,  Mary  A.,  Mrs.  Edward  W.  Magee,  Dunkerton. 

Married  June  8,   1898. 
Bozarth,  Maud,  M.  Di.,  '99. 
Byers,  Matilda,  Mrs.  Sylvester  W.  Arthur,  Nevada. 

Married  November  14,   1900. 
Carlson,  Minnie  R. 
Cavett,  Chas.  W.,  M.  Di.,  '02. 

Married  Viola  Hillman,  June  6,  1902. 
Chambers,  Adelaide  G.,  Mrs,  J.  Wm.    Stockman,  Brooks. 

Married  December  29,  1903. 
Clark,  Carrie  E.,  Mrs.  Chas.  Dinkel,  Charles  City. 

Married  August  28,   1900. 
Clark,  Florence  B.,  Practicing  Law,  504  E  St.  N.  W.,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 
Coates,  Wm.  W.,  Principal  of  Grammar  School,  La  Verne, 

Cal. 
Curkeet,  Rena  Mke,  M:  Di.,  '98. 
Davis,  Flora  E.,  Monona. 
Downs,  Linnie  A.,  Mrs.  H.  H.  Savage,  Denison. 

Married  August  8,   1900. 
Drake,  Francis  M.,  Charter  Oak. 
Edwards,  Bertha  J.,  Mrs.  J.  R.  Vaughan,  Waterloo. 

Married  October  20,    1897. 
Elderkin,  Lily,  Stenographer,  Missoula,  Mont. 
Epley,  Winona  E.,  Mrs.  Ed  F.  Axtell,  Spencer. 

Miarried  June  28,    1899. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  73 

Feld,  Sara,  Nurse,  Cedar  Falls. 
Ford,  Wm.  J. 

Married  Bertha  Merrick,  June  28,  1899. 
Fowlie,  Frank  E.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Onslow. 

Married  Carrie  F.  Paul,  August  22,  1900. 
Fullerton,   M.   Alice,     Instructor     Cedar  Valley     Seminary, 

Osage. 
Garrison,  Hattie  A. 
Gerard,  Theo.  A. 

Gillaspie,  Ida,  Principal  of  High  School,  Hampton. 
Goodale,  Anna  C,  Nurse,  Cedar  Rapids. 
Gordon,  Ida  Belle,  Mrs.  Ulysses  Milan  Hibbets,  Grinnell. 

Married  October  14,   1903. 
Gordon,  Mary  A.,  Special    Music    and    Science    Teacher  in 

High  School,  Hawarden. 
Graham,  Lillian  Constance,  Mrs.  Harry  F.  Camp,  Anamosa. 

Married  October  30,  1901. 
Haworth,   Harriet  D. 
Heath,  Harry  W.,  Merchant,  Shellsburg. 

Married  Nellie  Dickinson,  June  10,  1903. 
Heaton,  Elizabeth,  Mrs,  Whitney,  Student  Parsons  College, 

Fairfield. 

B.  A.,  Parsons  College,  '03. 

Married  December  22,   1898. 
Heidenreich,  Louise,  Mrs.  D.  A.  Tisdale,  Gilman. 

Married  February  5,  1902. 
Hinkley,  Blanche,   High  School  Assistant,  Waukon. 

A.   B.,  Cornell  College,   '02. 
Hoagland,  Mayme,  Primary  Teacher,  Cedar  Falls. 
Hobbs,  Mary  K. 
Hollen,  Mary,  Mrs.  D.  W.  Carlisle,  Lineville. 

Married  July  2,  1901. 
Houghton,  Hannah  L.,  Student  S.  U.  I.,  217  Davenport  St., 

Iowa  City. 


74  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL.  SCHOOL. 

Howard,  Alice  C,  Physician  and  Surgeon,  Elkader. 

M.  D.,  Hahnemann  Medical  College,  '02. 
Howard,  Hattie  R.,  Mrs.  W.  O.  Congdon,  Cuba,  N.  Y. 

Married  September  17,   1903. 
Huffman,  Emma  F.,  Seventh  Grade  Teacher,  Perry.  ' 
Hughes,  Mary  M.,  Student  I.  S.  N.  S.,  Cedar  Falls. 
Johnson,  Carrie  E. 
Johnson,  Jose  E. 

Johnson,  Luella,  Second  Primary  Teacher,  Emmetsburg. 
Kelley,  Alyce  R.,  Teacher,  Lake  Forest,  111. 
Klepinger,  Nora  Edna. 
Klinefelter,  Margaret  L.,  Mrs.  A.  W.  Mell,  Valley  Junction. 

Married  October  31,  1899. 
Larrison,  Orrell,  M.  Di.,  '02. 
Lias,  Jessie  F.     Assistant  Principal,  Bellevue. 
Manson,  Almon  A.,  M.  Di.,  '98. 
Mercer,  Lena  G.,  M.  Di.,  '00. 

Miner,  Mary  B.,  Mrs.  N.  H.  Bonwell,  Shawnee,  Okla. 
Mitchell,  Lela,  M.  Di.,  '01. 
Mowry,  Fanny  May,  M.  Di.,  '98. 
Mowry,  Jason  L.,  M.  Di.,  '98. 
Neff,  Edith  O.,  Mrs.  Arthur  S.  Magann,  Fairbury,  111. 

Married   June  21,    1899. 
Newton,  Evelyn  I. 
Niday,  Nora  M.,  Mrs.  C.  A.  Ratcliffe,  Stanberry,  Mo. 

Married  May  16,   1900. 
O'Brien,  Ella. 
Oldham,  Nina,  Mlrs.  J.  B.  Frisbee,  Sheldon. 

Married  June  28,   1900. 
Osier,  Ben  A.,  Farmer,  Carson. 

Married  Myrtle  M.  Hogue,  January  21,  1903. 
Peters,  Alice,  Ottumwa. 
Pollock,  Harriet  May,  Ft.  Dodge. 

Popham,  Frank  C,   Superintendent  of  Schools,  Belmond. 
Reed,   Minnie  D. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  75 

Reese,  Florence  N.,  Mrs.  Walter  Aitkin,  Livingston,  MonL 

Married  May  22,   1898. 
Roberts,  Jessie  B.,  Fourth  Grade  Teacher,  Waterloo. 
Rockwell,  Florence  S.,  Mrs.  ElihtuD.  Watt,  80  Seventh  Ave  . 

LaGrange,  111. 

Married  September   12,   1899. 
Satterthwaite,  Geo.  W.,  M.  Di.,  '01. 
Schulze,  Louise. 
Scott,  Nellie  Mayo. 
Showers,  Anna,  Mrs.  Frank  M.  Stevens,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married   June   24,    1902. 
Sloss,  Jeanette  V.,  M.  Di.,  '98. 
Snedicor,  Adah  S.,  Mirs.  F.  A.  Ballard,  Cherokee. 

Married  December  28,   1898. 
Steele,  Clarence  E.,  Secretary  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  Hancock,  Mich. 

Married  Maude  Long,  June  6,  1900. 
Stewart,  Elsie  G.,  Third  Grade  Teacher,  602  Spurgeon  St., 

Santa  Ana,  Cal. 
Swan,  Henrietta  M.,  Mrs.  Wm.  Innes,  Luverne,  Minn. 

Married  July  1,  1903. 
Wachholz,  Marie,  Mrs.  L.  J.  Elkeman,  Algona. 

Married    September   8,    1898. 
Wagner,  Ida  A.,  Grammar  Grade  Teacher,  Orient. 
Warwick,  Lewis  A.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Grand  Junction.  . 

Married  Carrie  L.  Smith,  October  21,  1901. 
Wells,  Vennie  L.,  Mrs.  Frederick  A.  Reese,  Turin. 

Married  June  27,  1900. 
Whitaker,  Faith,  Mrs.  Waldo  E.  Stucker. 

Married  February  9,  1902. 
Whitmore,  Georgia,  Mrs.  Joe  Ball,  Fairfield. 

Married   in    1902. 
Whitmore,  Olive,  M.  Di.,  '98. 
Young,  Margaret,  Grade  Teacher,  Tipton. 


76  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Class  1898. 

Achenbach,  Naomi,  M.  Di.,  '00. 

Adams,  Mdnnie  A.,  Mrs.  Ezra  C.  Potter. 
Married  January  26,    1899. 

Anderson,  Mjae  Edith,  Mrs.  Irving  C.  Lovejoy. 
Married  May  26,  1902. 

Antrim,  Lincoln,   Principal  of  Mt.    Pleasant    Academy,   Mt. 
Pleasant. 

Bain,  Lizzie,  High  School  Assistant,  344  East  First  South  St., 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 

Belknap,  Mabel,  Mrs.  Adolph  Seibel,  Minden. 
Married  August  15,  1902. 

Bell,  Willis  J.,  M.  DL,  '99. 

Bernard,  Verna,  Assistant  Principal,  Traer. 

Berry,  Margaret  I.,  Seventh  Grade  Teacher,   1501  W.  Sev- 
enth St.,  Sioux  City. 

Birdsall,  Alta  A.,  Mrs.  P.  E,  MeClenahan,  Winterset. 
Married  August  30,  1899. 

Birdsall,  Mfrry  J.,  Mrs,  R.  A.  Santee,  Cedar  Falls. 
Married   June  28,    1899. 

Boardman,  Benjamin,  M.  Di.,  '00. 

Bovee,  Lulu,  M.  Di.,  '00. 

Bronson,  Frank  A.,  M.  Di.,  '99. 

Brummund,  Ellen  S.,  Mrs.  W.  H.  Woito,  Luverne. 
Married  June  24,  T902. 

Bundy,  Bird,  Eighth  Grade  Teacher,  Cedar  Falls. 

Bushyager,  Lizzie,  M,  Di.,  '99. 

Carey,  Agnes  F. 

Carpenter,  Erma  J.,  Mrs.  Henry  J.  Zilm. 
Married  November  2,  1898. 

Clute,  Jennie  W.,  Principal  of  Steuben     School,  224  Dear- 
born Ave.,   Kankakee,   111. 


IOWA  STATE   NORMAL  SCHOOL.  77 

Cole,  Perry  O.,  Superintendent  Cerro  Gordo  County  Schools, 

Mason  City. 

Married  Jennie  McLeod,  November  8,  1899. 
Coome*,  Anna  Bessie,  Grade  Teacher,  Des  Moines. 
Cummins,  Harry  C,  Instructor  in    Penmanship    and  Book- 
keeping, I.  S.  N.  S.,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married  Nina  Fiscus,  June  2.2,  1898. 
Curtis,  Edith  E. 
Daniels,  Lillian  Belle. 

Dority,  Nellie,  Principal  High  School,  Jefferson. 
Du  Bois,  Gertrude. 
Dunham,  Nellie  U. 
Eggleson,  Vernon  R.,  R.  F.  D.  Carrier,  Sumner. 

Married  Grace  E.  N  orris,  April  22,  1903. 
Eighmey,  Ada,  First  Primary  Teacher,   Cresco. 
Emery,  Irene  S. 
England,  Lena  Pearle,  Mrs.  F.  L.  Drennon,  Glenwood. 

Married  July  22,  1902. 
Ensign,  Chas.  T.,  M.  DL,  '99. 
Epley,  Irena  V.,  Grade  Teacher,  Holstein. 
Fabrick,  Elsie,  Student,  I.  S.  N.  S.,  Cedar  Falls. 
Ferguson,  Rose,  Student,  S.  U.  I.,  Iowa  City. 
Fields,  Violette  M.,  Mrs.  Percy  Burroughs,  Waterloo. 

Married  October  10,  1900. 
Fowler,  Alice  J.,  Eighth  Grade  Teacher,  Luverne,  Minn. 
Freeland,  Lily  A.,  Mrs.  Joseph  Ashley. 
Fuller,  Amos  W. 

Gait,  Flora  Belle,  First  Primary  Teacher,  Traer. 
Garland,  Edith  L. 
Garrett,  Vinnie. 
Gibson,  Ezra  N.,  Principal  of  Schools,  State  Center. 

Married  Blanche  Squires,  August  13,   1902. 
Gillette,  Lucy,  Mrs.  J.  H.  Mowrer,  Quasqueton. 

Married  March  9,  1898. 

Cedar  Falls. 


78  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Goude,  Minnie  M.,  Teacher,  Pullman,  Wash. 

Green,  Frank  E. 

Green,  Guy  E.,  Hardware  Merchant,  Hawkeye. 

Married  Hattie  E.  Lyon,  August  22,  1899. 
Grimes,  Kittie  M.,  Eighth  Grade  Teacher,  Wapello. 
Harkness,  Elisabeth  J. 
Harris  Jesse,  Truck  Farmer,  Cedar  Falls. 
Hartsock,  Jessie  M.,  Music  Teacher,  Public  Schools,  Goldfield. 
Hedges,  Bertha  M. 
Heminger,  A.  L.,  Superintendent     of     Van     Buren     County 

Schools,  Keosauqua. 

B.  L.,  S.  U.  L,  '03. 
Hieber,  Amelia  F.,  Grade  Teacher,  Miarshalltown. 
Hinman,  Nellie,  Mrs.  W.  H.  Eddy,  Boyden. 

Married  June  18,  1902. 
Horswell,  Thyrza  B.,  Primary  Teacher,  Thompson. 
Hoyt,  Jennie  May. 

Hursey,  Maud,  Teacher  of  Mathematics  and  History,  Morris- 
town,  Tenn. 
Jameyson,  C.  O.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Reinbeck. 

Married  Hannah  M,.  Tow,  November  27,  1902. 
Jennings,  Hallie,  High  School  Teacher,  Marion. 
Johnson,  Anna. 

Johnsrud,  Johan  J.,  Blabon,  N.  D. 
Johnston,  T.  A. 
Kaufman,  Flora,  Mrs.  I.  C.  Welty,  Nevada. 

Married  July  6,  1899. 
Keeler,  M.  Nervie,  Physician,  Greeley,  Colo. 

D.  O.,  Still  College  of  Osteopathy. 
Korinke,  Edith  L.,  M.  DL,  '03. 
Kuebler,  Anna  R.,  Primary  Teacher,  Lowden. 
Lamb,  Willis  E.,  M.  Di.,  '02. 

Married  M.  Elvie  Lair,  November  16,  1899. 
Larson,  Dora  M.,  Assistant  Principal,  Audubon. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  79 

Lewis,  Lucy  G.,  First  Primary  Teacher,    13 10  Seventh  St., 

Des  Moines. 
Logan,  M,  E.,  M.  Di.,  '00. 
Long,  Maude  A.,  Mrs.  C.  E.  Steele,  Hancock,  Mich. 

Married  June  6,  1900. 
Mallon,  Harriett. 
Manson,  Alma  A. 
Marsh,  Bertha  L.,  Fairfield. 

Martin,  Wm.  G.,  Student,  Iowa  State  College,  Ames. 
McConnell,  Katie. 
McClenahan,  Perry  E.,  M.  EH.,  '99. 

McDuffie,  Mary  R.,  High  School  Assistant,  East  Waterloo. 
Mcllravy,  Frank  D.,  M.  Di.,  '99. 
McMullen,  Chas.,  Teacher,  Weston,  Oregon. 
Miller,  Almond  D.,  M.  Di.,  '99. 
Miller,  Jessie  L,  M.  Di.,  '03. 
Miller,  Julia  F.,  Cedar  Falls. 
Montgomery,  Anna,  Grade     Teacher,  434     Howard     Ave., 

Seattle,  Wash. 
Moore,  Henry  L. 
Morris,  Rose  A.,  M.  Di.,  '00. 
Ney,  Sara  M. 
Outwater,  Frances  G.,  Mrs.  W.  W.  Patterson,  308  Ninth  St., 

Clinton. 

Married  October  24,  1900. 
Parmenter,  Elizabeth  S.,  Third  Grade  Teacher,  Mason  City, 
Peterson,  Ralph  O.,  Bookkeeper,  Weir,  Kan. 
Pollard,  Katherine. 
Poor,  Edna  M.,  M.  Di.,  '99. 
Putnam,  Myrtle  E.,  Assistant  Principal,  Carson. 
Quist,  Minnie,  Primary  Teacher,  Essex. 
Ryan,  Mary,  Primary  Teacher,  Cedar  Falls. 
Salisbury,   Willard  E.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,   Clarinda. 

Married  Georgia  Cook,  June  20,  1900. 
Schenk,  Casper,  M.  Di.,  '99. 


80  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Schneider,  Carrie. 

Shaw,  Mabel,  Mrs.  W.  H.  Ray,  Gowrie. 

Married  June  24,  1903. 
Sheppard,  Edwin  T.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Onawa. 

Married  Eva  Dwelley,  August  25,  1898. 
Sheridan,  Margaret,  Mrs.  T.  W.  Hartigan,  Aurelia. 

Married  June  27,  1900. 
Slawson,  Jennie,  Mrs.  Chas.  Sargeant,  Cherokee. 

Married  May  25,  1903. 
Smith,  Edgar  S.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Cambridge. 

Married  Libbie  Anderson,  August  16,  1900. 
Smith,  Frances  E.,  Teacher,  Rural  School,  Clarion. 
Smith,  Nellie  L.,  M.  Di.,  '00. 
Smith,  Sue  E. 
Sougstad,  Jeanette,  Mrs.  Ralph  E.  Joy. 

Married  June  30,  1901. 
Steinman,  Elsie  M.,  High  School  Assistant,  Elma. 
Stevenson,  Margaret -O.,  Financial  Secretary,  Y.  W.  C.  A., 

Lincoln,  Neb. 
Stewart,  Henrietta,  Mrs.  John  W.  Boardman. 

Married  March  20,  1902. 
Sturgeon,  Ida  E.,  Mrs.  H.  E.  Moffett,  Grundy  Center. 

Married  June  27,  1900. 
Sutherland,  Chas.  R.,  M.  Di.,  '99. 
Sweet,  Brayton. 
Thompson,    Ella   Margaret,   High   School  Teacher,   Lincoln, 

111. 
Van  Dyke,  Nora  B.,  Mrs.  Edward  B.  Clingman. 

Married  November  23,  1898. 
Y"st,  Natalia  I. 

Volland,  Roscoe  H.,  M.  Di.,  '99. 
Wallace,  Kathleen  M.,  Mrs.  John  Paul  Jansen,  Jansen,  Neb. 

Married  April  4,   1900. 
Walters,  Katherine  F.,  Latin  Teacher,  High  School,  Cedai 

Falls. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL   SCHOOL.  81 

Williams,  John  J.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Castle  Park,  Wash. 

Williams,  Mrs.  Olie,  Student,  Capital  City  Commercial  Col- 
lege, 1 1 50  Sixth  Ave.,  Des  Moines. 

Wood,  Daisy  D.,  M.  Di.,  '03. 

Youell,  Blaine  T.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Doon. 
Married  Jennie  Hancock,  August  1,  1900. 

Class  1899. 

Anderson,  Chloris,  Grade  Teacher,  Rosalia,  Washington. 

Ankerman,  Lina  C,  M.  Di.,  '02. 

Arnold,  Mary  S.,  Grade  Teacher,  Spokane,  Wash. 

Ayres,  Gertrude,  High  School  Assistant,  Oelwein. 

Baldwin,  Stephen  J. 

Balmer,  Nina  L,.,  Mrs.  Ted  Roy  Schenck,  Springville,  Utah- 
Married  December  26,  1900. 

Bardsley,  Bessie  C,  Neola. 

Bardsley,  Myrtle  A.,  Mrs,  John  Felton,  Spokane,  Wash. 
Married  October  21,  1903. 

Barloon,  Wm.  J.,  County  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Carroll. 
Married  Minnie  E.  Ryan,  June  19,  1900. 

Behrens,  Carl  D.,  Teacher,  Philippines. 

Black,  Edna,  M.  Di.,  '02. 

Blake,  Alice  E.,  Sixth  Grade  Teacher,  Sioux  City. 

Blake,  Loretta  H.,  Teacher,  Des  Moines. 

Bock,  Harriet  C. 

Boyle,  James  A.,  M.  Di.,  'oo. 

Brainard,  Grace  E.,  Grade  Teacher,  East  Waterloo. 

Buchanan,  Bessie  B.,  Fifth  Grade  Teacher,  Fairfield. 

Cahow,  Nellie,  Student,  I.  S,  N.  S.,  Cedar  Falls. 

Calderwood,  Wm.  S.,  Real    Estate    Dealer,  Rouleau,  Assa., 
Canada. 
Married  Elizabeth  Huey,  January  1,  1902. 

Christiansen,  Jens,  M.  Di.,  '01. 

Clark,  Dora  D.,  Seventh  Grade  Teacher,  Perry. 


82  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL,  SCHOOL. 

Clark,  Gertrude.  Mrs.  E.  W.  Parker,  Sutherland. 

Mjarried  June  18,  1903. 
Clingman,  Edward  B. 
Coates,  Ada  B.,  High  School  Teacher,  115  E.  Eighteenth  St., 

Cheyenne,  Wyo. 
Collins,  Erie,  M.  Di.,  '03. 
Dane,  Mildred,  M.  Di.,  '00. 
David,  Lesta,  Mrs.  J.  E.  Troth,  Little  Rock. 

Married  July  ^,   1902. 
Davis;  Mary  E. 

Detwiller,  Wm.  G.,  M.  Di.,  '00. 

Diddy,  Harriet  Mae,  Second  Primary  Teacher,  Perry. 
Dolan,  Mae  G.,  High  School  Assistant,  Oelwein. 
Drew,  Myrtle  A. 

Eaton,  Geo.  D.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Lacona. 
Eaton,  Joseph  W.,  Teacher,  Anaconda,  Mont. 
Elder,  Myrtle  A. 
Fayram,  Mielvin  R.,   Principal  of  Schools,   Shellsburg. 

Married  Lenoir  Harmon,  March,  1902. 
Fesenbeck,  Sedona  L.,  M.  Di.,  '02. 

Fletcher,  Anna  M.,  First  Primary  Teacher,  Hillyard,  Wash. 
Fullerton,  Grace,  Mrs.  Ralph  Lane,  Marshalltown. 

Married  August  14,  1900. 
Furrow,  Florence  E. 

Gardner,  Delia  M.,  Music  Teacher,  Clear  Lake. 
Gepson,  Edward,   Superintendent  of  Schools,  Glidden. 
Gifford,  Arhuna  T.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Lynnville. 
Gletty,  Geo.  A. 

Graham,  Florence  E.,  High  School  Assistant,  Rock  Rapids. 
Groesbeck,  Lida. 

Hansen,  Johanna,  Student,  Pratt  Institute,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
Hill,  E.  C,  ML  Di.,  '00. 
Hoag,  Laura  A.,  Grade  Teacher,  Sioux  City. 
Hochstetler,  Mame  E.,  ML  Di.,  '02. 
Hopkins,  Liona. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  83 

Hostetter,  Caro  O.,  Mrs.  W.  Z.  Allen,  Dexter. 

Married  September  10,  1902. 
Huie,  Jennie,  Grade  Teacher,  Dunlap. 
Jackson,  Prudence,  Teacher,  Rural  School,  Gilmore  City. 
Jaklin,  Gertrude. 
Jensen,  Hannah.,  M.  Di.,  '00. 
Johnson,  Marie,  Grade  Teacher,  Goldfield. 
Kelly,  Lou. 

Kerstetter,  Susan,  M.  Di.,  '03. 
Kincaid,  Grace,  Assistant  Postmaster,  Walnut. 
Klinefelter,  Mame,  Principal  of  Ward  School,  Des  Moines. 
Kneedy,  Clara,  Grade  Teacher,  7728  Reynolds  Ave.,  Chicago. 
Kolb,  F.L.,  M.  Di.,  'of. 
Kuppinger,  Fred  J. 
Lamb,  Manton  J.,  M.  Di.,  '00. 
Lang,  Carrie  J.,  Fifth  Grade  Teacher,  Station  A.,  Pasadena 

Cal. 
Leonard,  Marian  E.,  Teacher,  Gruver. 
Lindsey,  Jennie  M.,  Singing  Evangelist,  Dundee- 
Long,  Lillian  E.,  M.  Di.,  '01. 
Madson,  Valeda,  Teacher,  815  Fourth  Ave.  S.,  Minneapolis, 

Minn. 
McKellar,  Jennie  E.,  M.  Di.,  '00. 
Meier,  Emma  L.,  Second  Primary  Teacher,  Boone. 
Mercer,  Mae  B.,  Second  Primary  Teacher,  Pocahontas. 
Mettlin,  Nellie,  Mrs.  S.  K.  Hazlet. 

Married  August  14,  1902. 
Meyer,  Philomena  M. 

Miller,  Emma  Mae,  High  School  Teacher,  Shenandoah. 
Montgomery,  Mable,  Mrs.  R.  H.  Volland,  Student,  S.  U.  I., 

Iowa  City. 

Married  June  21,   1903. 
Moore,  Ella  E.,  Principal  of  High  School,  Walnut. 

B.  A.,  S.  U.  L,  '03. 
Morrill,  Ida  H.,  Teacher,  Salida,  Colo. 


84  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL,  SCHOOL. 

Morton,  Olivia  M.,  Mrs.  Olivia  Morton  Birtwell,  Albuquer- 
que, N.  M. 

Nelson,  Louise  A.,  Teacher  of  Political  Science  and  Litera- 
ture, Lutheran  College,  Jewell. 

Nichols,  Ernest  E. 

Oathout,  M.  Nellie,  Mrs.  Cleon  Emery,  Welcome,  Minn. 
Married  August  26,  1903. 

Orton,  Olive,  M.  Di.,  '00. 

Packer,  Georgia  E.,  Assistant  Principal,  Rockwell  City. 

Peters,  Clarence  R. 

Philpot,  Anna,  Teacher  Mathematics,  High     School,     Cedar 
Falls. 

Pingrey,  Lucy  O.,  High  School  Assistant,  Dews. 

Poorbaugh,  Edna  S. 

Poots,  Frank  A.,  M.  Di.,  '02. 

Ouigley,  Edward  G.,  Student,  S.  U.  T.,  Iowa  City. 

Ransom,  Maude  B.,  Mrs.  Brandt,  Neola. 

Rathbun,  Bessie  E. 

Rhynsburger,  Cornelia  E.,  Teacher,  Ft    Dodge. 

Riggs,  Blanche  E.,  M.  Di.,  '00. 

Ripley,  Galen  G.,  Attorney  at  Law,  Mi  not,  X.  D. 
LL.  B.,  Drake  University,  '03. 

Robinson,  Stella  M.,  Mrs.  Forest  Wynegai,  Cedar  Falls. 
Married  December  7,    1890 

Rodman,  Abbie  A.,  M.  Di.,  '00. 

Rourke,  Mary,  M.  Di.,  '01. 

Rownd,  Nellie  M.,  M.  Di.,  '01 

Schulte,  Anna. 

ShafrYier,  Ira  F.,  M.  Di.,  '00. 

Shearer,  Chas.  P.,  M.  Di.,  '00. 

Sherman,  Sara  P.,  Student,  Columbia     School  of     Oratory, 
6027  Ellis  Ave.,  Chicago,  111. 

Simpson,  Alice  M. 

Smith,  Bell,  R.  F.  D.  No.  3,  Des  Moines. 

Smith,  Josephine,  Science  Teacher,  High  Schou1,  Knoxville. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  85 

Sougstad,  Alma,  Mrs.  Wm.  T.  Campbell,  Belmond. 

Married  January  r,  1900. 
Sullivan,  Lucy,  Seventh  Grade  Teacher,  Waterloo. 
Sylvester,  Enoch  D. 
Taylor,  Alice  E.,  Mrs.  G.  W.  Neal,  Barnard,  Missouri. 

Married  June  17,   1903. 
Taylor,  Bertha  B.,  Grade  Teacher,  191 5  Nebraska  St.,  Sioux 

City. 
Thompson,  Gertrude,  Sixth  Grade  Teacher,  Hibbing,  Minn. 
Thompson,  Mary  H.,  Grade  Teacher,  Des  Moines. 
Tostlebe,  Lydia  A.,  Grade  Teacher,  New  Hartford. 
Trask,  Minnie  B.,  Teacher  of  Mathematics,  324  W.  Prospect 

St.,  Kewanee,  111. 
Treasure,  James  F.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Bloomfield. 

Married  Edna  Hannet,  June  29,   1899. 
Turner,  Jessie  L.,  Maxwell. 
Waldo,  Tressie,  Grade  Teacher,  Spencer. 
Warren,  E.  J.,  M.  Di.,  '01. 
Wassam,  Clarence,  M.  Di.,  '00. 
Wells,  L.  Edna,  Assistant  Principal,  Lewis. 
Wentland,  Frank  A. 
Wilson,  Jennie. 
7iegler,  Ida  G.,  Grade  Teacher,  Dallas  Center. 

Class  1900. 

Anders,  Myrtie  E.,  Principal  of  High  School,  Rock  Rapids. 

Anderson,  Bertha  E.,  Mrs.  J.  B.  Large,  Ruthven. 

Arent,  Palmine,  M.  Di.,  '01. 

Arnett,  Elizabeth,  M.  Di.,  'oi. 

Atchley,  John  W.,  M.  Di.,  'oi. 

Baker,  E.  S.,  M.  Di.,  'oi. 

Baker,  Eva  M. 

Barr,  Myrtle  Mae,  First  Primary  Teacher,  Marble  Rock. 

Barr,  Maude  L.,  Grade  Teacher,  West  Waterloo. 


86  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Beak,  Bertha  B.,  Mrs.  Chalmer  Love,  Grundy  Center. 

Married  October  24,    1900. 
Bevans,  Sue,  Teacher,  Anamosa. 
Bidlack,  Lura,  M.  Di.,  '01. 
Blaska,  Ada  L.,  M.  Di.,  '02. 
Bowersox,  Ruia  M. 
Bowman,  Laura,  Student,  Radcliffe  College,  Wellesley  Hills, 

Mass. 
Bridges,  John  C,  Director  Orchestral  Department,   Univer- 
sity Preparatory  School,  Tonkawa,  Okia. 
Burt,  Ethel  M.,  Mrs.  Fred  Brockshienk,  Peterson. 
Burton,  W.  A.,  M.  Di.,  '01. 
Bryan,  Beulah,  Mrs,  H.  W.  Chehock,  Livermore. 

Married  December  25,  1901. 
Canfield,  May  G.,  Assistant  Principal,  Sioux  Rapids. 
Canfield,  Nellie,  Mrs.  Percy  H.  Kneeland,  Boone. 

Mjarried  October  7,  1903. 
Caward,  Gertrude,  Assistant  Principal,  Hull. 
Clark,  Amy  L. 
Connor,  Dell  May,  Mrs.  F.  W.  Moore,  Le  Mars. 

Miarried  August  5,  1903. 
Cory,  Mrs.  C.  S.,  Humboldt. 
Cramer,  Maude  L. 

Craven,  Margaret  J.,  Grammar  Grade  Teacher,  Pierce,  Neb. 
Curtis,  Lewis  D.,  Jr.,  M.  Di.,  '01. 
Dana,  Harry  W.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Dedham. 
Daley,  Clara  M.,  Teacher  of  History  and  Bookkeeping,  High 

School,  Charles  City. 
Dimmitt,  L.  Mabel,  High  School  Assistant,  Eldon. 
Donnan,  Mary  Belle,  Grade  Teacher,  Independence. 
Durant,  Carrie  I. 

Edgerly,  Alice  G.,  Grammar  Grade  Teacher,  Des  Moines. 
Eland,  Thomas  L.,  Medical  Student,  S.  U.  I.,  Iowa  City. 
Elliott,  Ruth  B.,  Teacher,  Ware,  Mass, 
Kngelhart,  Lena  H.,  Grade  Teacher,  Mason  City. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL.  SCHOOL.  87 

Estes,  Reuben  M.,  M.  Di.,  '01. 

Fish,  Rena,  Grade  Teacher,  Nevada. 

Fisher,  De  Etta  A.,  2743  N.  Hermitage  Ave.,  Chicago,  111. 

Fleming,   Florence. 

Franklin,  E.  E.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Bagley. 

Married  Eulu  Remine,  August  26,   1903. 
Freeburg,  Jay  M.,  Dental  Student,  University  of  Minnesota. 

822  Fourth  St.,  S.  E.,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 
Freeburg,  Harry  M.,  Medical  Student,  University  of  Minne- 
sota, 822  Fourth  St.,  S.  E.,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 
Freeburg,  Mattie  A.,  Mrs.  F.  L.  Evans,  Tama. 

Married  March  19,  1903. 
Gamble,  Edna  S.,  High  School  Assistant,  Garden  Grove. 
Gregson,  E.  W.,  Merchant,  Ewart. 

Married  Nellie  S.  Watson,  June  11,  1903. 
Hageman,  Mattie,  Grammar  Grade  Teacher,  Rippey. 
Halstead,  Albert  L.,  M.  Di.,  '01. 
Hansen,  Hannah  C,  Mrs.  Albert  Roach,  Fort  Dodge. 

Married  January  27,  1904. 
Hardie,  Ralph  C.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Norman,  Okla. 
Harmon,   Inez. 

Hawk,  Thos.  E.,  M.  Di.,  '01. 
Hayden,  U.  Grant,  Ml.  Di.,  '01. 
Heller,   Anna   E.,   Grade  Teacher,   Waterloo. 
Hemsworth,  Earl  V.,  with  Iowa  Telephone  Co.,  Des  Moines. 
Hoover,  Arthur  L.,  Clerk  in  Bank,  Waterloo. 
Horner,  Letta  D.,  Redfield. 

Howe,  Daisy,  High  School  Principal,  Hot  Springs,  S.  D. 
Hoxie,  Nellie  N.,  M.  Di.,  '03. 
Hubbard,  Eva  C,  Calgary,  Canada. 
Huddy,  Nora  L. 
Indra,  Mary  S. 

Jackson,  Emma,  Grade  Teacher,  Stanton. 
Jones,  Jedie  E.,  Mrs.  B.  T.  Osher,  Graettinger. 

Married  December   10,   1902. 


88  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Keehl,  Mary  E.,  Grade  Teacher,  Glenwood  Springs,  Colo. 
Keeler,  Harriet  A.,  Mrs,  J.  Ralph  Magee,   1614     Garretson 

Ave.,   Sioux  City. 

Married  September   10,    1902. 
Killeen,  Katherine,  Dubuque. 

A.  B.,  University  of  Michigan,  '03. 
Kimball,   Florence,    Special   Drawing  Teacher,   Hawarden. 
Lane,  Maude  E,,  Grade  Teacher,  Sioux  City. 
Lewis,  Ralph  R..,  Principal  of  Ward  School,  Cedar  Rapids. 
Ling,  Ruth  L.,  Sixth  Grade  Teacher,  East  Waterloo. 
Long,  Thos.  L.,  Medical  Student,  S.  U.  I.,  Iowa  City. 
Love,  Chalmer  L.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Grundy  Center. 

Married  Bertha  B.  Beale,  October  24,   1900. 
Lynch,  J.  L,  Clarence. 
Magee,  Wm.  G.,  M.  Di.,  'oi. 
Mallory,  Mrs.  Alice  Q.,  Principal  of  Ward  School,  Missouri 

Valley. 
Marsh,  Ruth  M.,  M.  Di.,  '01. 

Martin,  Laura  E.,  High  School  Assistant,  Belmond. 
Maynard,  Jennie  B.,  Fourth  Grade  Teacher,  Cedar  Falls. 
Miller,   E.   Josephine. 

Miller,  Florence  Evelyn,  Second  Primary  Teacher,  Marshall- 
town. 
Morris,  Ida  I.,  Primary  Teacher,  Atalissa. 

Ph.  B.,  Iowa  College,  '96. 
Moyer,  Louise  B.,  76  Seventh  Ave.,  La  Grange,  111. 
Myers,  Armanella,  Mrs.  Milton  Allen,  Bedford. 
McClain,  Sadie,  La  Moille. 
McClung,  Mary  L. 
McGovern,   Margaret,   Mrs.   Walter  McAllister,  Waterloo. 

Married  June,  1903. 
McPherson,  John,   Superintendent  of  Schools,   New  Sharon. 

Married  Nina  Allen,  June  12,   1901. 
Neidy,   Carrie  L.,  Quasqueton. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  89 

Ogden,   Mina  Beatrice,    Grade  Teacher,    1204  Marion    St., 

Seattle,   Wash. 
Patterson,  Mary  E. 

Peterson,  Ida,  Fifth  Grade  Teacher,  Boise,  Idaho. 
Pond,  Olive  B.,  Mrs.  W.  E.  Silver,  Gladbrook. 

Married  March  21,   1901. 
Putnam,  Katie  J.,  Grammar  Grade  Teacher,  Carson. 
Quigley,  Marjorie,  High  School  Assistant,  Detroit  City,  Minn. 

A.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '03. 
Rail,  Carolyn  L.,  Teacher     of     German     and     Latin,  High 

School,  Washington. 

Ph.  B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '03. 
Randall,  Mayme,  Conrad. 
Ray,  W.  H.,  M.  Di.,  '01. 
Reed,  Leslie  I.,  M.  Di.,  'oo. 
Reed,  Cora  A. 
Reimer,  Ida. 

Rhoades,  Grace  M.,  M.  Di.,  '01. 

Rhynsburger,  Amelia  H.,   Second   Primary  Teacher,   Ireton. 
Ridgley,  Emma  J.,  Mrs.  Joel  E.  Johnson,  Ireton. 

Married  August   14,   1902. 
Rigby,  Luella,  Rangoon,  India. 
Rittgers,  Elizabeth,  Teacher,  Des  Moines. 
Rollins,  Agnes  Lillie,  Seventh  Grade  Teacher,  Sioux  City. 
Rollins,  Lou  B.,  Mrs.  G.  A.  Brink,  Quimby. 

Married  June,  1903. 
Salisbury,  Leonard  D.,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Malvern. 

Married  Grace  Downs,  August  8,  1900. 
Savage,  Alma  M.,  Third  Grade  Teacher,  Marshalltown. 
Say  re,  Mary  T.,  Fifth  Grade  Teacher,  Parkersburg. 
Schregardus,  Win.  F.,  M.  Di.,  *oi. 
Secor,  Emma,  Third  Grade  Teacher,  Odebolt. 
Sheehan,  Katherine,  Independence. 

Shoudy,  Emma,  Teacher,  1627  Summit  Ave.,  Seattle,  Wash. 
Shuttleworth,  Ina  D.,  M.  Di.,  '03. 


90  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL.  SCHOOL. 

SI  ay  ton,  Laura  M. 

Smith,  Coral  M.,  Teacher,  Storm  Lake. 

St.  Clair,  Margaret  M.,  Seventh  Grade  Teacher,  McGregor. 

Stone,  Edna,  Sixth  Grade  Teacher,   107  N.     Second     Ave., 

Marshalltown. 
Sudlow,  Edith,  Third  Grade  Teacher,  Newton. 
Supplee,  Belle,  Teacher,  East  Waterloo. 
Sutter,  Nelle  J. 
Swan,  Bessie,  Story  City. 

Tellier,   Belle,  Instructor  in  Music  and  Drawing,   Lake  Ge- 
neva, Wis. 
Thompson,  C.  A.,  High  School  Principal,  Valley  City,  N.  D. 
Thompson,  Margaret. 
Tupper,  Ida  Nell,  Mrs.  B.  C.  Finley,  Panora. 

Married  August  6,  1903. 
Wadleigh,  Walter  H.,  Student  Oberlin  College,  Oberlin,  O. 

Married  Rowena  Liming,  March  25,  1902. 
Walsh,  Bridget  V.,  ML  Di.,  '01. 
Watson,  Emery  E.,  M.  Di.,  '01. 
Weller,  Beatrice  S.,  Teacher     Educational     Pub.  Co.,  New 

York  City. 
West,  Ida,  Mrs.  Frank  Yarcho,  Shell  Rock. 

Married  September  10,   1903. 
Whitney,  Mabel,  High  School  Principal,  Alden. 
Williams,  Nellie  V.,  Third  Grade  Teacher,  Logan. 
Wilson,  J.  R.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Ocheyedan. 

Married  Nellie  Alexander,  August  12,  1903. 
Wilson,   Minnie  L.,   Assistant  Principal,   Olin. 
Wise,  Mabel,  High  School  Assistant,  Bedford. 
Woodford,  Bell,  Fourth  Grade  Teacher,   Sergeant  Bluff. 
Woodford,  Myra,  Mrs.  Arthur  B.  George,  Sergeant  Bluff. 

Married  December   10,   1901. 
Wydell,  A.  O.,  M.  Di.,  '02. 
Yeager,  Chas.,  M.  Di.,  '01. 


IOWA  STAfTB  NORMAL,  S<SHOOL.  9} 

Yost,  Quincy,  Real  Estate  Dealer,  Grand  Rapids,  Minn. 
Married  Alma  H.  Smith,  May  6,  1903. 

Class  1901. 

Ablett,  Susie,  Private  Teacher,  Green  Mountain. 

Achenbach,  E.  Beth,  M.  DL,  '02. 

Alderman,  A.  Bucer,  Principal  of  Schools,  Walker. 
Married  Gertrude  Welty,  July  25,  1901. 

Alexander.  Edna  F.,  Mrs,  H.  F.  Volkmann,  Teacher,  White- 
wood,  S.  D. 
Married  September  2,  1902. 

Alexander,  Mary  F.,  Grade  Teacher,  Keokuk. 

Anderson,  Gail,  Mrs.  Wm.  Francis  Batten,  Linn  Grove. 
Married  January  6,  1904. 

Arnold,  Bessie  B.,  Teacher,  Long  Beach,  Gal. 

Baldwin,  Laura  May,  Mrs.  Herbert  Swiheart. 
Married  October  23,   1901. 

Barber,  Frank  A.,  M.  DL,  '01. 

Barr,  R.  D.,  M.  Di.,  '02. 

Barnum,  Annette,  High  School  Assistant,  Forest  City. 

Barnum,  Lynne,  Third  Grade  Teacher,  Spirit  Lake. 

Bauman,  Amelia  B.,  Eighth  Grade  Teacher,  Vinton. 

Beal,  Lizzie  B. 

Bedenbender,  Lena  M.,  Assistant  Principal,  Dunlap. 

Beebe,  Florence  D.,  Hampton. 

Berger,  Tillie,  Primary  Teacher,  Hazelton. 

Bird,  Thos.  Vincent,  Principal  of  Schools,  Hornick. 

Bishop,  Adelene,  Marshalltown. 

Black,  Mable,  Pligh  School  Assistant,  Ashton. 

Blanch,  Lydia  J.,  Teacher,  Rural  School,  Coggon. 

Blezek,  Emma. 

Blodgett,  Jessie,  Teacher,  Langton,  N.  D. 

Brackney,  Maud,  Teacher,  Indian    Reservation,    Leech  Lake, 
Minn. 


92  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL   SCHOOL. 

Brinkman,  Jessie  F.,  Assistant  Principal,  Pocahontas. 

Britton,  Lola  M.,  Primary  Teacher,  Mason  City. 

Brown,  Anna  C,  Primary  Teacher,  Cambria,  Wyo. 

Burkholcler,  Belle,  Primary  Teacher,  Randolph. 

Burton,  Clifford  E.,  Student,  S.  U.  I.,  228  N.  Dubuque  St., 

Iowa  City. 
Burton,  Elizabeth. 

Butts,  Fannie,  High  School  Principal,  Marathon. 
Calderwood,  Arthur  J.,  Farmer,  Traer. 
Calonkey,  Lucy  E.,  Fourth  Grade  Teacher,  Boone. 
Christie,  Mabel. 

Christie,  Ralph  W.,  Cedar  Falls. 
Churchill,  Grace,  Grade  Teacher,  Santa  Paula,  Cal. 
Cleveland,  Geo.  C,  R.  R.  Agent  and  Operator,  Central  City. 

Married  Sadie  M.  Ford,  March  16,  1904. 
Clifford,  Elizabeth,  M.  Di.,  '01. 
Collins,  Ida  May,  Mrs.  J.  Harry  Ashenhurst,  Tingley. 

Married  March  29,  1903. 
Collins,  Lenora,  Weldon. 

Cowie,  Alice  M.,  Grade  Teacher,  Gilmore  City. 
Crawford,  S.  Catherine,  Grade  Teacher,  Cedar  Falls. 
Cunning,  Jessie  L.,  Student,  I.  S.  N.  S.,  Cedar  Falls. 
Dane,  Chas.  A.,  Teacher,  Rural  School,  La  Porte  City. 
Danskin,  Jessie  I. 

Denniston,  Clara  B.,  Student  I.  S.  N.  S.,  Cedar  Falls. 
Dewell,  Seba,  Principal  Ward  School,  1939  Holmes  St.,  Lin- 

0 

coin,  Neb. 
Dickey,  Ed.  P.,  Civil  Engineer,  Illinois  Central,  Cedar  Falls. 
Dickey,  Fannie  Ml,  Instructor  Vocal  Music,  Bedford. 
Dougherty,  Mary  E.  C,  Teacher,  Cedar  Falls. 
Dowell,  Sidna  J.,  Grade  Teacher,  Grant  Bldg.,  Des  Moines. 
Dryden,  Anna  B.,  Mrs.  R.  M.  Estes,  Sidney. 

Married  July  30,  1902. 
Dunham,  Cliff  S.,  High  School  Principal,  Glidden. 
Erickson,  Ida  S.,  Sixth  Grade  Teacher,  Butte,  Mont. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL   SCHOOL.  93 

Fields,  Nellie  M.,  Teacher,  Mitchellville. 

Figert,  Fred  H.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Mlinburn. 

Fischer,  Edith  M.,  Principal  of  High  School,  Logan. 

Freeman,  Florence  E.,  M.  Di.,  '02. 

Gardner,  Anna  J.,  Student,  Moody  Institute,  23O'  LaSalle  Ave., 

Chicago,  111. 
Giddings,  Alma  E.,  Third  Grade  Teacher,  Marshalltown. 
Gilbert,  C.  H.,  M.  Di.,  '02. 

Gilmore,  Mabel,  Fifth  Grade  Teacher,  Monroe,  Wash. 
Graham,  Amy,  Grammar  Grade  Teacher,  18 16  Sixth  Ave.,  Des 

Moines. 
Grau,  Emma  A.,  Grammar  Grade  Teacher,  1002  Spruce  St., 

Boulder,  Colo. 
Gray,  Velma,  Grammar  Grade  Teacher,  Hubbard. 
Greene,  Fanny  L.,  Mrs.  Ward  Allen  Hicks,  Teacher,  Rural 

Schools,  Onslow. 

Mlarried  July  3,  1903. 
Gutches,  Lela  Grace,  Grade  Teacher,  Charles  City. 
Hampton,  Mary  D.,  Mrs,  Edward  Y.  Gamble,  Mitchell,  S.  D. 

Married  December  25,  1902. 
Harmon,  Ida. 
Harnit,  Jessie  L. 

Harrison,  Grace  M.,  Primary  Teacher,  Ionia. 
Hauger,  Myrta. 
Hauger,  Nora. 
Hawk,  Margaret.  . ., 

Hawley,  Venia,  Principal  of  Normal  Department,  Central  Col- 
lege, Pella. 
Howland,  Ella,  Primary  Teacher,  North  Yokima,  Wash. 
Humbert,  Bertha,  Teacher,  Corning. 
Humphrey,  Mildred,  Teacher,  Clarion. 
Jackson,  Ellen  C,  Grade  Teacher,  Glenwood. 
Jones,  Mary  Louise,  Assistant  Principal,  Shell  Rock. 
Kiesau,  H.  O.,  M1.  Di.,  '02. 
Kroesen,  Chas.  E.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Soldier. 


94  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Kuehne,  Lucy,  Mrs.  Harry  Scott,  Fort  Dodge. 

Married  August  26,  1903. 
Lee,  Edith,  Instructor  of  Music,  Public  Schools,  Eldora. 
LeValley,  Blanche,  Teacher,  Moulton. 
Luse,  Eva  May,  Room  Teacher,  Training  School,  I.  S.  N.  S., 

Cedar  Falls. 
Magee,  J.  Ralph,  Pastor  M.  E.  Church,  1614  Garretson  Ave., 

Sioux  City. 

Married  Harriet  Keeler,  September  10,  1902. 
Marshall,  Estella  D.,  First  Primary  Teacher,  Florence,  Colo. 

Pd.  B.,  '02,  Colorado  State  Normal  School. 
Martin,  G.  L.,  M.  Di.,  '03. 

MfcCarty,  Thos.  E.,  Principal  of  High  School,  Parkersburg. 
McDuffie,  Irving  J.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Merrill. 
McQuilkin,  Margaret,  Assistant  Principal,  La  Porte  City. 
Meacham,  Ethel,  Grade  Teacher,  Wellman. 
Mendenhall,  C.  Elsie,  Primary  Teacher,  Marshalltown. 
Mereness,  Bessie,  Principal  of  Schools,  Meadows,  Idaho. 
Miller,  Amy,  Cedar  Falls. 
Minnis,  Grace,  Mrs.  Chas.  W.  Lyon,  Valley  Junction. 

Married  August  14,  1901. 
Mitchell,  Walter,  Principal  of  Schools,  Kalona. 

Married   Eva   Bettannier,  August,    1902. 
Mudge,  Carrie,  Teacher,  Redlands,  Cal. 
Oleson,  C.  J.,  M.  Di.,  '02. 

Olmstead,  Adenia  B.,  Fifth  Grade  Teacher,  Ackley. 
Patten,  David,  MI.  Di.,  '02. 
Patton,  Mrs.  Mary,  ML  Di.,  '02. 

Parmenter,  Anna  L-,  Third  Grade  Teacher,  Hampton. 
Peck,  Kathryn  F.,  Mrs.  Harley  Wylde,  New  York  City. 

Married  October  26,  1901. 
Pemberton,  Nellie  L.,  Third  Grade  Teacher,  Marshalltown. 
Peterson,  Hilma,  Mrs.  Ed  Peterson,  Stratford. 
Pike,  Geneva  H.,  Seventh  Grade  Teacher,  Monticello,  Minn. 
Porter,  Emily  M.,  Student,  Tarkio  College,  Tarkio,  Mo. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL.  SCHOOL..  95 

Reed,  Olive,  Fountain,  Colo. 

Rhynsburger,  Anna  L.,  First     Primary     Teacher,  Emmets- 
burg. 

Rickert,  Lillian  E.,  Principal     of     Grammar     School,  East 
Waterloo. 

Rigby,  Ralph,  Student  Oberlin  College,  112  Woodland  Ave., 
Oberlin,  Ohio. 

Riggs,  Anna,  First  Grade  Teacher,  Washington  School,  As- 
pen, Colo. 

Roberts,  Eck  C,  Principal  of  Schools,  Marathon. 
Married  Emily  Hannah  Fields,  July  15,  1903. 

Sadler,  Edith  M.,  First  Primary  Teacher,  Colfax. 

Scallon,  Margaret  Mary,  M.  Di.,  '03. 

Schoelerman,  Rose  M.,  High  School  Assistant,  Doon. 

Scott,  Randolph  E.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Lester. 

Sherer,  Luella,  Grade  Teacher,  Wesley. 

Slacks,  John  R.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Lake  View. 

Smith,  Ernest  C,  M.  Di.,  '02. 

Strawn,  Ida  May,  Drawing  Rep.  with  Educational  Pub.  Co., 
Montgomery,  Ala. 

Streeter,  Bess,  First  Primary  Teacher,  107  N.  Second  Ave., 
Marshalltown. 

Sweeney,  Izola  M.,  Sixth  Grade  Teacher,  Wapello. 

Templeton,  Effie  G.,  Mrs.  Wm.  A.  Longley,  Osage. 
Married  June  2^,  1903. 

Tighe,  Tressa  G.,  Teacher,  West  Waterloo. 

Toole,   Katherine  L.,   Primary  Teacher,  Allison. 

Toye,  Mabel,  Grammar  Grade  Teacher,  Northwood.' 

Troth,  J.  Elmer,  Principal  of  Schools,  Little  Rock. 
Married  Lesta  David,  July  2,  1902. 

Vo^el,  Edward  W.,  M.  Di.,  '02. 

Volkman,  H.  F.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Whitewood,  S.  D. 
Married  Edna  Alexander,  September  2,   1902. 

Washburn,  Hal  B.,  Chief    Clerk,  C.  &  N.  W.  Ry.,     Eagle 
Grove. 


96  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Watson,  Joyce. 

Wickersham,  Edythe  L.,  Intermediate  Grade  Teacher,  Max- 
well. 
Wilcox,   Edwin  M1.,  Teacher,  Philippine  Islands. 
Wiler,  Floyd,  Teacher  of  Instrumental   Music,   Cedar  Falls. 
Williams,  Helen,   High  School  Assistant,  Adel. 
Williamson,  Clara,  Grade  Teacher,  Farmersburg. 
Willson,  Lois  S.,  Assistant  Principal,  Emerson. 
Wilson,  Grace,  Teacher,  Colfax. 
Windolf,  Edna,  High  School  Teacher,  Toledo. 
Woodruff,  James  A.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Bristow. 
Wormhoudt,   Ana,    Second  Primary  Teacher,   Pella. 
Wright,  Arthur  H.,  M.  Di.,  '03. 

Wright,  Chester  E.,  Principal  of  Schools,  New  Albin. 
Young,  Nellie  M. 

Class  1902. 

Ackerman,   Emma  M.,   Sixth  Grade  Teacher,   Britt. 
Adams,  Joe,  Traveling  Salesman,   New   Hampton. 
Armstrong,  Alice  L.,  Teacher,  Rural  School,  Rorbeck. 
Aschenbrenner,  May  C,  Grade  Teacher,  Dysart. 
Bardsley,  Neil  C,  Reading  Law,  Neola. 
Barrett,  Anna,  Principal  of  Schools,  Quasqueton. 
Bates,  M'ildred  O. 
Bauman,  Clara. 

Bezold,  Ceva  B.,  Teacher,  Rural  School,  Weldon. 
Bergen,  Celia,  Mrs.  Leon  Ray  Cor  nick,  Liver  more. 

Married  October  21,  1903. 
Bortell,  Maude  Alice,  Grade     Teacher,   Parker  School,  403 

East  St.,  Grinnell. 
Brandt,  Cora,  Primary  Teacher,  Monona. 
Burbank,  Vesta  E.,   Primary  Teacher,  Easton     Place,     Des 

Moines. 
Callison,  Bert  H.,  Student,  I.  S.  N.  S.,  Cedar  Falls. 
Campbell,  Lee  E.,  High  School  Assistant,  Panora. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  97 

Clinite,    Stella,    Fourth   Grade   Teacher,    1056   Twenty-sixth 

St.,  Des  Moines. 
Cor  ring-ton,  C.  Lv,  Music  Teacher,  Royal. 
Craig,  Lois,  Teacher,  East  Waterloo. 
Cresswell,   Mae,   High   School   Principal,    Oelwein. 
Cross,  J.  Foy,  M.  Di.,  '03. 
Crouse,  Roy  M.,  Student     of     Dentistry,  N.  W.  University 

Medical   School,   Chicago,   111. 
Cushman,   Jeanette   E,,   Teacher,   West  Waterloo. 
Danskin,  M.  G.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Dike. 
Daughton,  J.   P.,   Principal  of  Schools,   Pierson. 
De  GrofT,  Emma. 
Dunkerton,  John  Mi.,  M.  Di.,  '03. 

Married  Hattie  M.  Evans,  December  31,   1902. 
Earhart,  Grace  J.,  Mrs,  O.  V.  Chaffee. 

Married  July  29,    1902. 
Eighmey,  Lucretia,  Fourth  Grade  Teacher,  Duluth,  Minn. 
Evans,     Hattie     M.,     Mrs,     John     M.  Dunkerton,   1331  E. 

Twelfth  St.,  Des  Moines. 

Married  December  31,  1902. 
Fell,  Ida  M.,  High  School  Assistant,  Clarence. 
Fenton,  R.  A.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Janesville. 
Fissel,  Geo.  W.,  Deputy  County  Treasurer,  Le  Mars. 
Foster,   Mamie,   Grade  Teacher,   Pomeroy. 
French,  Raymond,  Principal  of  Schools,  Tripoli. 
Gallagher,  Hannah  J.,  Sister  M.  Leo,  Omaha,  Neb. 
Gilbride,  Agnes  V.,  Grade  Teacher,  Algona. 
Gittins,   Maggie,  Seventh  Grade  Teacher,  Atlantic. 
Glenny,  Geo.  A.,  Principal  of  High  School,  Emmetsburg. 
Graham,  Albert,   Principal  of  Schools,  •Crawfordsville. 

Married  Minnie  B.   Pratt,  December  24,   1903. 
Green,  Alta  Kathryn,  Fifth  Grade  Teacher,  Webster  City. 
Green,  Lottie  Wade,  Mrs.  Henry  Ullenhope,  Kesley. 

Married  September  15,  1903. 
Haley,  Mabelle,  Second  Primary  Teacher,  Dunlap. 


98  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Harris,  Alma  E.,   Intermediate  Grade  Teacher,   Peterson. 

Harris,  Catherine  M!.,  Fifth  Grade  Teacher,  Florence,  Colo. 

Hartshorn,  Mrs.  Ella  C,     Grammar     Grade     Teacher,  Mis- 
souri Valley. 

Heinrich,    Mae,    Primary   Teacher,    Eagle    Grove. 

Hetzler,  Henry,  M.  Di.,  '03. 

Hoats,  Roy,  M.  Di.,  '03. 

Hochstetler,   Eva  A.,   Seventh  Grade  Teacher,  Boone. 

Hoebel,  Emma,  Teacher  of     English     and     German,     Eagle 
Grove. 

Hopkinson,  Laura,  Mrs.  Jay  J.  Jones,  Parkersburg. 
Married  August  6,  1903. 

Hunter,  Lottie  A.,  Assistant  Principal,  Lost  Nation. 

Huston,   Margaret,  First  Grade  Teacher,  Decorah. 

Jensen,  Mary  L.,  ML  Di.,  '03. 

Kaye,  Sara  Elizabeth,  Secretary  Y.  W.  C.  A.,  I.  S.  N.  S., 
Cedar  Falls. 

Kemp,  Elda,  Teaching  and  Homesteading,  Bottineau,  N.  D 

Kentx  Harry  Homer,  Principal  of  Schools,  Mazeppa,  Minn. 
Married  Ada  B.  Sullivan,  June  11,  1902. 

Kilpatrick,  Sue,  Grammar  Grade  Teacher,  State  Center. 

King,   Carrie,   Second  Primary  Teacher,   Charles  City. 

King,   Mary,   First   Primary  Teacher,   Charles   City. 

Kizer,  Mattie,  Sixth.  Grade  Teacher,  Logan. 

Lamb,  Iva,  Teacher,  Grundy  Center. 

Laughlin,  Abbie,  High  School  Assistant,  Coon  Rapids. 

Leonard,  Jennie  J.,  Grammar  Grade  Teacher,  Walnut. 

Lighthall,  Lora,  Eighth  Grade  Teacher,  Clarion. 

Lighthall,  Vera,  Principal  of  Ward  School,  Hampton. 

Longley,  W.  A.,  Teacher  of  History  and  Music,  Cedar  Val- 
ley Seminary,  Osage. 
Married  Effie  G,  Templeton,  June  23,  1903. 

Marr,  Ella  Phinney,  Teacher,  Humboldt. 

Martin,  Nellie  M.,  Second  Grade  Teacher,  Coon  Rapids. 

Mathews,  Alta,  Grade  Teacher,  Algona. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  99 

McLennan,  Nellie,  Grade  Teacher,  Phimghar. 

Miller,   Lucy   Hayes,   Elocution  Teacher,   High   School,   305 
Wellington   St.,   West  Waterloo. 

Moss,  Walter  E.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Conway. 

Moule,   Anna,   Grammar   Grade  Teacher,   Doom 

Mueller,  Oscar  O.,  ML  Di.,  '03. 

Murphy,  Kittie  A.,  Grade  Teacher,  Pomeroy. 

Notton,  Mary,  First  Primary  Teacher,  Parkersburg. 

Peterson,  Marie  J.,  Third  Grade  Teacher,  618  Eighth  Ave., 
Council  Bluffs. 

Quire,  Mabel  F,,  Student     of     Music   *  and     Kindergarten, 
Chicago. 

Reed,  Effa,  Teacher,  Buttes,  Colo. 

Richardson,  Jenny,  Teacher,  Duluth,   Minn. 

Rieke,  Ida  Lydia,  Selby,  S.  D. 

Rigby,  Florence  O.,  Mrs.  W.  S.  Austin,  Dumont. 
Married  March  22,  1904. 

Robinson,  Leigh,  Student,  I.  S.  N.  S.,  Cedar  Falls. 

Rorabaugh,   Walter   E.,   Principal  of   Schools,   Baxter. 

Runyon,  Nelle,  Principal  Eighth  and     Ninth     Grades,  East 
Waterloo. 

Schoelerman,  Emma  C,  High  School  Assistant,  Oelwein. 

Selser,  Winifred,  Eighth  Grade  Teacher,  Red  Oak. 

Simpson,  Grace  J.,  Whittemore. 

Smith,  Mabel  C,  Grammar  Grade  Teacher,  Glidden. 

Smith,  F.  O.,  M.  Di.,  '03. 

Stilson,   Martha,   Second  Grade  Teacher,  Waterloo. 

Thoene,  Christine,  Grade  Teacher,  125  Angella  St.,  Dubuque. 

Thurber,  Abbie, 'First  Primary  Teacher,  Swea  City. 

Tice,  Nellie  E.,  Intermediate  Grade  Teacher,  Early. 

Vaala,  Ingebord  Marie,  Intermediate  Grade  Teacher,  Liver- 
more. 

Vinall,  Belle,  Primary  Teacher,  Larchwood. 

Vincent,   Arthur   L.,   Principal   of  Township   School,   Moon- 
head. 


100  IOWA  STATE   NORMAL   SCHOOL. 

Wallace,  Marjorie,  De  Witt. 
Waters,  E.  E.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Allison. 
Married  Edyth  Zeran,  August  19,   1903. 
WTiitfield,  Sara  M.,  Eighth  Grade  Teacher,  Sanborn. 
Williams,   Winifred,   Mrs.   Warren  Morose,   Estherville. 
Wilson,   Bertha,  Assistant  Principal,   Panora. 
Wolfe,  W.  T.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Kenwood  Park. 
Wolzmuth,  Esther  L-,  Third  Primary  Teacher,  Traer. 

Class  1903. 

Allen,  Bessie  Mjay,  Castalia. 

Bailey,  Edith  J.,  High  School  Assistant,  Mason  City. 

Barnett,  R.  L.,  Medical  Student,  S.  U.  I.,  Iowa  City. 

Bennett,  Floy  M.,  High  School  Teacher,  East  Waterloo. 

Berg,  Jennie  I.,  Fourth  Grade  Teacher,  Atlantic. 

Brimhall,  Lucile,  Sixth  Grade  Teacher,  Lake. Mills. 

Brown,  Eva  C,  Grade  Teacher,  Elwood. 

Bruce,  Mary  E.,  Third  Primary  Teacher,  Tama. 

Burgess,  L.  M.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Diagonal. 

Cady,  Florence,  Teacher,  Walnut.  . 

Cahow,  Elmer,  Teacher,  Greenfield. 

Cave,  Wilma,  Student  in  Business  College,  Chicago,  111. 

Christian,  Mabel  A.,  Room  Teacher,  I.  S.  N.  S.,  Training 
School,  Cedar  Falls. 

Clay,  Joseph  B.,  Manager  Iowa  Gate  Co.,  Cedar  Falls. 

Cole,  Eva  L.,  Second  Assistant  Principal,  Dows. 

Conover,   Lou   Etta,   Grammar  Grade  Teacher,   Lynnville. 

Cook,  Emma  L.,  Assistant  Principal,  M'inden. 

Cornell,  Fanny,  Teacher,  Freeport. 

Corrigan,  Nell,  Sixth  Grade  Teacher,  Nashua. 

Crane,  Gertrude  M.,  Assistant  Principal,  Milo. 

Crawford,  W.  W.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Center  Junction. 

Dai  ley,  A  vice  Evelene,  Fourth  Grade  Teacher,  East  Water- 
loo. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL   SCHOOL.  101 

De  Noon,  Rebecca  Grace,  Eighth  Grade  Teacher,  Center ville. 
Dunleavy,    Fannie,    Seventh    and    Eighth    Grade    Teacher, 

Manilla. 
Eells,  Harry  Leroy,  Principal  of  Schools,  New  Hartford. 
Ensign,  Orpha  M.,  Second  Grade  Teacher,  Boone. 
Farr,  Lottie  B.,  Assistant  Principal,  Anrelia. 
Feuling,  Eugene  J.,  Student,  I.  S.  N.  S.,  Cedar  Falls. 
Finch,   Mae  G.,  Teacher,  Belmond. 
Forrester,  Bessie  A.,  High  School  Assistant,  Lohr  ville. 
Fouts,   Mabel  M.,   Assistant   Principal,   Whiting. 
Fox,   Errett   M.,   Principal   of   Schools,   Mclntire. 
Francy,   Lilyan   ML,   Assistant   Principal,   Lorimor. 
Gardner,  Cora  Etta,  First  Primary  Teacher,  Sanborn. 
Gardner,   Emily  M.,   Room   Teacher,   I.    S.    N.    S.   Training 

School,  Cedar  Falls. 
Golly,    C.   Ray,   Principal   of   Schools,   Fredericksburg. 
Grimes,  G.  Melville,  High  School  Principal,  New  Sharon. 

Married  Blanche  Adams,  February  22,  1904. 
Hagerty,  Elizabeth,  Grammar  Grade,  Washta. 
Hall,  Jennie  F.,  Primary  Teacher,  Princeton. 
Hays,   Carrie,  Primary  Teacher,  Lohrville. 
Henninger,    Charlotte. 

Henry,  Clara  M.,  Primary  Teacher,  Panora. 
Hoffman,   Ella,   High   School  Assistant,   Tripoli. 
Hosmer,  Annie  L.,  Grade  Teacher,  Jesup. 
Howarth,  Emma  J.,  Grade  Teacher,  Ha  warden. 
Howland,  Emma,   Primary  Teacher,   Aberdeen,   S.   D. 
Incze,  Celestine,  Grammar  Grade  Teacher,  New  Hartford. 
Israel,  Grace,  Cedar  Falls. 
Jacobson,  Nora,  Grade  Teacher,  Sioux  Center. 
Jeffers,  Grace  A.,   Grade  Teacher,  Tipton. 
Jensen,  Walter  Peter,  Student,  I.  S.  N.  S.,  Cedar  Falls. 
Johnson,   Lora  L. 

Jones,  John  Charles,  Student,  I.  S.  N.  S.,  Cedar  Falls. 
Kelly,  Etta  M.,  First  Primary  Teacher,  Lake  City. 


102  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL   SCHOOL. 

Knoepfler,  Kathryn,  High  School  Assistant,   Geclar  Falls. 

Krout,  Erma,  Grade  Teacher,  Fremont. 

Kuhns,  Mary  Louise,  Grade  Teacher,  Waterloo. 

Larson,  Minnie  Cornelia,  Teacher,  Jasper,  Minn. 

Latta,  J.  L.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Sioux  Center. 

Laughead,    Ethel,    Washington. 

Leighton,  Ida  M.,  First  Intermediate  Grade  Teacher,  Sioux 

Rapids. 
Logan,   Oia,  High  School  Teacher,   Hampton. 
Long,  P.  A.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Curlew. 
Loonan,  H.  G.,  Lumber  Dealer,  Sioux  Falls,  S.  D. 
Loonan,  Nellie,  Hudson. 
Lowman,  Guy    S.,  Student    Y.  W.    C.  A.  Training  School, 

Springfield,  Mass. 
Marsh,  Annie,  Supervisor  of  Music,  Fairfield. 
Martin,  Carrie  E.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Frontier,  Wyo. 
McClintock,  F.  M.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Plymouth. 
Mcintosh,  C.  Blanche,  High  School  Principal,  Britt. 
McLeod,  Blanche,  First  Primary  Teacher,  Ames. 
Mead,   Victorine,   Teacher,   Rural   School,   Ashton. 
Merriam,  Minna  Myrtle,  High  School  Assistant,  Marcus. 
Minnich,   Maud,   Eighth  Grade  Teacher,   Ireton. 
Montgomery,  Ada  Belle,  Grade  Teacher,   Primghar. 
Moore,   Clarence,   Principal  cf  Schools,   Nassau. 
Paulger,   Ella,   Intermediate  Grade  Teacher,   Renwick. 
Peterson,  Allan,  Principal  of  Schools,  Randolph. 
Pigott,  Lucy,  Grammar  Grade  Teacher,  Van  Home. 
Porter,  Clara  Lenore,  First  Primary  Teacher,  Pomeroy. 
Price,  Cora  Belle,  Fifth  Grade  Teacher,  Hampton. 
Raymond,   Effie  M.,  Fourth  Grade  Teacher,  Sanborn. 
Reed,  W.  O.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Hubbard. 
Rice,   Francelia   Adella,    Eighth   Grade  Teacher,   Bellevue. 
Riggs,  Gertrude,  Primary  Teacher,  Calumet,  Mich. 
Roberts,   Mrs.   Hattie  McCall,  Grade  Teacher,  Zearing. 
Rummel,  D.   H.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Blairsburg. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL.  SCHOOL.  103 

Schloeman,  Lvinnie  E.,  Assistant  Principal,  Norway. 

Schoch,   Caroline  Pauline,  Assistant  Principal,  Charter  Oak. 

Scofield,   Susan  E.,  Assistant  Principal,  Miazeppa,  Minn. 

Sewell,  Rae,  Studying  Piano,  Chicago,  111. 

Shearer,  John  L.,   Principal  of  Schools,  Larrabee. 

Shilliam,  Isabel,  Grade  Teacher,  Fairbank. 

Shirk,  Sara  Louise,  Second  Primary  Teacher,  Armstrong. 

Simpson,  Grace  C,  High  School  Assistant,  Peterson. 

Smith,  E.  S.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Geneva. 

Stimson,  Margaret  M.,  Grammar  Grade  Teacher,  Conway. 

Trumbo,  Harry  P.,  Principal  of  Schools,  Kinross. 

Umbaugh,  C.  G. 

Weatherwax,  Maud  C,  Supply  Teacher,  East  Waterloo. 

Wendstrand,  Anna,  Teacher,  Red  Oak. 

Whitmell,  Marie,  Third  Grade  Teacher,  Decorah. 

Williams,  Edna  Frances,  Second  Primary  Teacher,  Algona. 

Williams,  Ella,  Primary  Teacher,  Neola. 

Wood,  Harriet. 

Woodard,  Estella  Ida,  Fourth  Grade  Teacher,  Charles  City. 


104  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 


GRADUATES  OF  THE  ELEMENTARY  COURSE. 

From  1876  to  1882  the  Normal  School  maintained  a 
two-year  course  of  study  called  "The  Elementary  Course.''* 
Diplomas  called  certificates  were  conferred  at  commence- 
ment. This  plan  was  abolished  in  1882.  Where  degrees  are 
attached  to  names  see  proper  place  in  this  Register  for  the 
statement. 

1877. 

Bond,  David  K.,  B.  S.,  '81. 

Coates,  Ada,  B.  Di.,  '99. 

Donahue,  Eva,  Mrs.  Lud  G.  Hollister,  Clear  Lake. 

Married  November  2,   1881. 
Flagler,  Mary,  Mrs.  O.  C.   Scott/ Berwyn   (Chicago),  111. 

Married  June  26,  1879. 

1878. 

Benham,  William  I.,  B.  S.,  '81. 

Cascaden,   Mary  H. 

Chapman,  Mary  L.,  Mrs,  A.  C.  Page,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married  November  24,   1886. 
De  Groff,  Emma  C,  B.  Di.,  '02. 
Fitch,  Annie  E.,  B.  Di.,  '79. 
Jaquith,  Emma. 
Jaquith,  Laura. 
Lichty,  M.  P. 
Mover,  E.  T.,  B.  S.,  '81. 
Mullarkey,  Kate  E.,  B.  Di.,  '79. 
Palmer,  Matilda,  Mrs.  C.  J.  Sheeler,  Marshalltown. 

Married  December  27,   1882. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL.  SCHOOL.  105 

Phelps,  G.  B.,  B.  Di,  '87. 

Pierce,  Sarah. 

Reuillard,  Estella,  Mrs.  Youell,  Cedar  Falls. 

1879. 
Anderson,  Edgar.  , 

Barrett,  Lou  P.,  B.  Di.,  '81. 

Chandler,  Geo.,  B.  Di.,  '8y. 

Davis,  May,  Mrs.  David  K.  Bond,  218  West  11 6th  St.,  New 

York  City. 
Eiler,  Daniel,  Lawyer,  Ackley. 

Married  Myrta  M.  Pattee,  March  3,  1895. 
Gilchrist,  Clelland. 
Grundy,  Alfred,  B.  Di.,  '88. 
Harwood,  W.  H.,   Secretary     Interstate     Trust     Co.,     Des 

Moines. 

Married  Jennie  Macy. 
Johnston,  Chas.  W.,  Lawyer,  294  Good  Block,  Des  Moines. 

Married  Martha  V.  Burton,  May  18,  1885. 
Jennings,  Louisa,  B.  Di.,  '88. 
Macy,  Jennie,  Mrs.  W.  H.  Harwood,  Des  Moines. 
McClelland,   Ada. 
McManus,  Alice,  Mrs.  S,  P.  Hicks,  Tracy,  Minn. 

Married  February  7,  1883. 
Rawstern,  Eliza,  B.  Di.,  '80. 
Reed,  Samuel  B.,  Lawyer,  Waterloo. 

Married  Belle  Coughtry,  December  30,  1891. 
Southard,  Rose  E.,  B.  Di.,  '87. 
Willis,  Frank  R.,  Attorney  at  Law,  Los  Angejies,  Cal. 

LL.B.,  S.  U.  I.,  '81. 

Married  Letitia  G.  Allen,  March  7,  1882. 

1880.      ' 
Buchanan,   Jennie   Mary. 

Buchanan,  Jennie  Love. 

Ballantyne,  Mary  Douglass,  B.  Di.,  '88. 


106  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL,  SCHOOL. 

Chapman,  Idella  E„  B.  Di.,  '86. 

Cox,  Carrie,  Mrs.  David  Goodale,  Marlboro,  Mass. 

Married  January  24,   1893. 
Dietz,  Martin  Myers,  Hardware  Merchant,  321  N.  Ave.  66, 

Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

Married  Ella  M.  SharTner,  September  8,   1886. 
Felmley,  Alice,  B.  Di.,  '85. 
Gallagher,  Hannah  Jane,  B.  Di.,  '02. 
Gardner,  Frank  R.,  Merchant,  Ree  Heights,  S.  D. 

Married  Kate  M.  Wetherell,   1886. 
Gillespie,  Addie  V. 
Jones,  Katherine,  B.  Di.,  '94. 
Lang,  Carrie  J.,  B.  Di.,  '99. 
McCarty,  Joel  Edward,  Architect,  Columbus,  Ohio. 

Married  Ella  M.  Richardson,  November,  1887. 
Moore,  Chas.  E.,  B.  Di.,  '88. 
Nevile,  Kate  Elizabeth,  B.  Di.,  '83. 
Olbrich,  Louise,  Mrs.  Joseph  Gorilla. 

Married  June  13,  1885. 
Overman,  Jessie,  B.  Di.,  '81. 
Perkins,  Elizabeth  Ambler. 
Pierce,  Cora  Emogene,  Mrs.  W.  L.  Langstaff,  Charles  City. 

Married  in  1881. 
Sawyer,  Sue  Maurice. 
SharTner,  Ella  May,  Mrs.  Martin  M.  Dietz,   ,-x  N.  Ave.  66, 

Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

Married  September  8,  1886. 
Sutton,  Emma  C.  E.,  B.  Di.,  '89. 
Williams,  Carrie  May,  B.  Di.,  '82. 
Williams  Ella  D,  B.  Di.,  '82. 

1881. 

Alden,  Ella  M.,  Mrs.  Chas.  Furry,  Alden. 

Married  in  1883. 
Bingham,  Frank  C. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  107 

Bixby,  Grace,  Mrs.  A.  E.  Clark,  417  Belmont  Ave.,  Los  An- 
geles, Cal. 

Buchanan,  Hannah,   Mrs.  James  F.  Wormer,   Center  Point. 
Married  June  21,  1883. 

Cunningham,  Kate,  B.  Di.,  '93. 

Davis,  Wilbur,  B.  Di.,  '85. 

Dean,  Warren  J.,  B.  Di.,  '87. 

Gosden,  Emily,   Mrs.   Chas.   A.   Kessinger,  Ormond,  Neb. 
Married  April  2,    1885. 

Greigg,  David  B. 

Higby,  Seward,  Attorney  at  Law,  Cedar  Falls, 

Houston,  Warren. 

Jennings,  Daniel,  Orange  Grower,  61  E.  Cypress  Ave.,  Red- 
lands  Cal. 
Married  Mary  D.  Hodgson,  January  15,  1892. 

Johnson,  Chas.  Lincoln. 

Married  May  Dexter  in  1888. 

Kraiger,  Eleanor  F.,  B.  S.,  '&6. 

^.ong,  Florence. 

Newton,  Geo.  W.,  B.  Di.,  '82. 

Pierce,  Elon  Albert,  Editor  Belmond  Herald,  Belmond. 
Married  Emma  Prowse  in  1891. 

Rourke,  Mary,  B.  Di.,  '99. 

Rowen,  Lucy  J.,  Cedar  Falls. 

Stanton,  Lemuel  J.,  Pension  Office  Clerk,  Washington,  D.  C. 
LL.B.,  S.  U.  I. 
Married  Mary  Cavery  in   1888. 

Stewart,  Malcolm. 

Wetherell,  Kate  M.,  Mrs.  Frank  Gardner,  Ree  Heights,  S.  D. 
Married  in  1886. 

White,  Clara  Emerett,  Mrs.  Hillhouse,  Iowa  Falls. 

White,    Emma   F.,   Mrs.    Geo.   Shellenberger,   2205    Scudder 
Ave.,  St.  Paul,  Minn. 
Married  November   12,    1885. 

Wiley,   Clara. 


108  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

1882. 

Alcock,  Jerome  R. 

Armstrong-,  Ada. 

Barnes,  Carrie  A.,  B.  Di.,  '89. 

Bartlett,  Elmer  Ellsworth,  B.  Di.,  '83. 

Bartlett,  Will  Abbott,  B.  Di.,  '83. 

Bedell,  Edgar  T.,  Attorney,  Le  Mars. 

Chassell,  Edward  D.,  B.  Di.,  '88. 

Davis,   Ella. 

Davis,  Nettie  M.,  B.  Di.,  '83. 

Dewell,  Seba,  B.  Di.,  '01. 

Dixon,  John  Galen. 

Goodspeed,  Edith  M. 

Griffin,  Edward  H,  B.  Di.,  '83. 

Grundy,  John  G.,  B.  Di.,  '89. 

Hull,   Herbert   R.,   Cashier   of   Kir  win   State  Bank,   Kirwin, 

Kansas. 

Married  Bertha  Moorehouse,  June   15,   1887. 
Hyde,  Ella  Lane,  Mrs.  Geo.  E.  Winter,  Mason  City. 

Married  June  26,    1884. 
Kenefick,   Michael  J.,   Physician,   Algona. 
Mullarkey,  Eliza,  Mrs.  John  A.  Story,  Omaha,  Neb. 
Nichols,  Ernest  R.,  B.  Di.,  '87. 
Packard,  Elsie  Cornelia,  Mrs.  J.  W.  Bullis,  Iowa  Ealls. 

Married  August   15,    1899. 
Pierce,  Lizzie. 

Prescott,  Nellie  O.,  Teacher,  Parral,  Mexico. 
Rich,  Ella,  Mrs.  J.  E.  Rundles,  Janesville. 

Married  March  21,   1889. 
Riggs,  Sara  May,  B.  Di.,  '85. 
Robinson,  Eliza. 
Shaffner,  Emma,  Mrs.  Geo.  Gillespie,  Anoka,  Minn. 

Married  September,  1887. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL,  SCHOOL.  109 

Sibley,  Evangeline  C,  Mrs.  James  N.  Powers. 

Married  in  1890. 
Swearingen,  Myrtis  I.,  Conrad. 
Winter,  Geo.  E.,  Cashier  Commercial  Savings  Bank,  Mason 

City. 

Married  Ella  Hyde,  June  26,  1884. 
Williams,  Jessie,  Mrs.  Geo.  B.  Rowell,  Waterloo. 

Married  January   18,   1883. 


HO  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL   SCHOOL. 


SPECIAL  PRIMIARY  COURSES. 

v 
In   1894  the  trustees  established  a  course  of  study  for 

specially  training  primary  teachers.  Certificates  were  given 
for  successful  completion  of  the  prescribed  course.  From 
1894  to  1898  one  year  was  required,  but  in  1898  two  years 
were  prescribed. 

1895. 

Bridgeford,  Lillie,  First  Primary  Teacher,  Des  Moines. 

Brown,  Clara. 

Bryant,  Cora  A.,  Mrs.  Albert  Hilleman. 

Married  in  August,    1899. 
Carter,  Florence  M..  Mrs.   H.  T.   Richmond. 

Married  April  30,   1900. 
Choate,  Charlotte,  Primary  Teacher,  East  Waterloo. 
Colt,  Ruth  L,.,  Primary  Teacher,  Parkersburg. 
Crew,  Ethel,  Mrs.  John  J.  Booth,  Marion. 

Married  June  14,   1900. 
Davis,  Ida  A.,  First  Primary  Teacher,  Esther ville. 
Davis,  Ida. 
Dennis,  Lina  C,  Sioux  City. 

Married. 
Farrow,  Addie,  Mrs.  James  H.  Reese. 

Married  June  18,  1896. 
Riley,  Mary,  Primary  Teacher,  Spencer. 
Shaffer,  Sadie,  Primary  Teacher,  Kalispell,  Mont. 
St.  John,  Amy,  Mrs.  Chas.  A.  Barnes. 

Married  December  30,  1896. 
Waldo,  Tressie,  B.  Di.,  '99. 
Young,  Mary,  Primary  Teacher,  Tipton. 
Younkin,  Hattie. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  Ill 

1896. 

Abraham,  Kate,  Mrs.  M.  E.  Bourne. 

Married  June  22,   1899. 
Allen,  Cora  E.,  Mrs.  O.  K.  Mauck. 

Married  November  21,  1900. 
Arey,  Amy,  M.  Di.,  '96. 
Armstrong,  Grace,  Mrs.  Charles  J.  Wright,  Mclntire. 

Married  August  4,  1897. 
Burns,   Frances  Arnold. 
Clayton,  Ora  Emma. 
Dahlin,  Clara  Augusta,  Mrs.  B.  M.  Lewis. 

Married  November  17,  1900. 
Ferris,  Mlay  E.,  First     Primary     Teacher,  30  Ellis  St.,  Du- 
buque. 
Gillasnie,  Lillian,  Mrs.  John  L.  Reddish,  Albia. 

Married  August  31,  1901. 
Gruver,  Olive. 
Hammans,  Clara,  Mrs.  J.  E.  Kester. 

Married  October  4,   1900. 
Hansen,  Anna  C.  D.,  First  Primary  Teacher,  Estherville. 
Hawk,  Alice  B.,  Primary  Teacher,  Snohomish,  Wash. 
Hayes,  Adah  M.,  Mb.  Smith,  Cedar  Rapids. 
Jenney,  Emma  R.,  Des  Moines. 

Married. 
Light,  Anna  Belle. 
Long,  J.  Mabel,  Mrs.  F.  M.  Allen,  Sioux  City. 

Married  December  31,  1897. 
Luke,  Hattie  A.,  Hampton. 

Married. 
Lynch,  Mary. 
McCartney,  Minerva  J. 
Millet,  Mary  F. 
Otis,  Lucy. 
Pattee,  Bessie,  Primary  Teacher,  510     Sixth     Ave.,     Cedar 

Rapids. 


112  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Peterson,  Stella,  Primary  Teacher,  Stanton. 

Quint,  Ora  M. 

Riley,  Susie  M. 

Sawyer,  Cora  D.,  Second  Grade  Teacher,  Sioux  Falls,  S.  D. 

Schofield,  Allie. 

Schuff,  Ellen,  B.  DL,  '96. 

Sigworth,  Gladys  L.,  Primary  Teacher,  Cedar  Rapids. 

Smith,  Lillian  M.,  First  Primary  Teacher,   1606  First  Ave. 

S.,  Fort  Dodge. 
Smuck,  Jennie. 
Talcott,  Minnie,  Mrs.  Walter  J.  Scott,  Sac  City. 

Married  January  5,  1897. 
Vance,  Blanche,  Primary  Teacher,  Sioux  Rapids. 
Van  Dike,   Grace. 
West,  Edith,  Mrs.  David  E.  Maxwell. 

Married   March  28,    1900. 

1897. 
Achenbach,  Naomi,  M.  DL,  '00. 

Anderson,  Florence. 

Baird,   Myrtle  Jean. 

Baker,  Grace,  Second  Primary  Teacher,  Marshalltown. 

Barber,  Lillian  L.,  Primary  Teacher,  Inlependence. 

Barrows,  Mae,  Mrs.  C.  S.  Beall,  Lakefield,  Minn. 

Married  August  31,  1898. 
Bateman,  Nerva. 
Bell,  Daisy. 

Bennett,  Bertha  E.,  Primary  Teacher,  Alden. 
Boyd,  Cora  Frances. 
Boyington,  Mrs.  Lillian  E..  Fonda. 
Castle,  Katharine  P. 

Married. 
Clapsattle,  Edna  B. 
Cotton,  Mae. 
Creelman,   Josephine  L.,   Primary  Teacher,   Marshalltown. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  113 

Patton,  L.  Belle. 

Early,  Maude  O.,  Mrs.  M.  C.  Nix. 

Married  July  14,  1897. 
Golden,  Nancy,  Mrs.  M.  L.  Fuller,  Springfield,  111. 

Married  August  2,  1901. 
Griffith,  Florence,  Mrs.  G.  W.  Walters,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married  August  16,  1899. 
Hoagland,  Mame,  B.  Di.,  '97. 
Howard,  Alice  C,  B.  Di.,  '97. 
Howard,  Hattie  Ruth,  B.  Di.,  '97. 
Hubbard,  Ethel  U,  Mrs.  M.  L.  Wright. 

Married  June  20,   1900. 
Ingalls,  Clara  C,  Mrs.  Chas.  M.  Jackson,  Langdon. 

Married  June  16,  1903. 
Johnson,  Carrie  E.,  B.  Di.,  '97. 
Toyce,  Jennie. 
Kephart,  Eva  Jane. 
Lock  wood,  Kittie. 
Lundien,  A.  Marie. 

Luther,  Margaret  E.,  Primary  Teacher,  Independence. 
Macy,  Eva  L. 

McCulloch,  Lillian,  Mrs.  Geo.  W.  Lane. 
Meacham,  Lucy,  Primary  Teacher,  Washington. 
Mercer,  Jennie  I. 
Nettle,  Clara,  B.  Di.,  '92. 
Newell,  Nellie  Ruth. 
Packer,  Georgia  E.,  B.  Di.,  '99. 
Palmer,  Nellie  F.,  Mrs.  E.  B.  Pritchard. 

Married  April  6,  1898. 
Peet,  S.  Louise,  Second  Primary  Teacher,  Radcliffe. 
Pike,  Bertha,  Primary  Teacher,  Boone. 
Reeve,  Olive  Grace,  Teacher,  Hampton. 
Schulz,  Lydia  Agnes. 
Speake,  Weltha. 
Sullivan,  Anna  E.,  First  Grade  Teacher,  Waverly. 


114  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Townsend,  Mintie,  Mrs.  H.  A.  Ingham. 

Married  December  12,  1900. 
White,  Matie. 
Winter,  Marena  F.,  Mrs.  Chas.  R.  Lewis. 

Married  December  5,   1900. 

1898. 
ONE-YEAR  COURSE. 

Adolphson,  Emma  C. 

Ash,  Marie,  Mrs.  Robert  Lone. 

Barger,  Maud  L.     Completed  two-years'  course  in   1900. 

Beebe,  Alice  Claire,  Mrs.  Harry  Johnson,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married  October  25,   1899. 
Bigelow,  Mabel. 

Britten,  Lillie  M.,  First  Grade  Teacher/  Indianola. 
Brown,  Elizabeth  T. 

Campbell,  Margaret  Marian,  Primary  Teacher,  Clear  Lake. 
Canfield,  Edna  E.,  First  Primary  Teacher,  Clear  Lake. 
Corbin,  Grace  M. 

Davis,  Kate  A.     Completed  two-years'  course  in  1899. 
Dill,  Cora  L. 
Dimmit,  Clydena. 
Ewing,  Kathryne  A. 
Fluckey,  Abbie,  Mrs.  A.  J.  Kuhn,  Le  Mars. 

Married  August  21,  1902. 
Garland,  Edith  L.,  B.  Di.,  '98. 
Gohagan,  Flora  M. 
Gordon,  Ida  Belle,  B.  Di.,  '97. 
Greenside,  May, 
Gregg,  Florence. 
Hatch,  Mabel  Lenore. 
Hemingway,  Irmagard,  Hampton. 

Married. 
Hoyt,  Grace  L.,  Teacher,  Cedar  Rapids. 
Kilburn,  Winifred. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  U5 

King,  Margaret  C. 

Knox,  Florence.   Completed  two-years'  course  in  1902. 

Knox,  Josie,  Teacher,  1204  Capitol  Ave.,  Des  Moines. 

Lewis,  Lucy  G.,  B.  Di.,  '98. 

Lias,  Mabel.  C. 

Loudon,  Leila. 

Loveland,  Mary  h.,  Teacher,  West  Waterloo. 

Marshall,  Gertrude  E.,  First  Primary  Teacher,  Cresco. 

Mlc Alpine,  Edyth  A.,  Mrs.  J.  F.  Overmyer,  Algona. 
Married  December  28,   1901. 

McCleary,  Ella. 

Newcom,  Nelly  B-. 

Newell,  Edith.  De  Etta,  Mrs.  Edward  Van  Sittert. 

Owen,  Ursula  H.,  First  Primary  Teacher,  Watertown,  S.  D. 

Patrick,  Mabel  A. 

Patterson,  Pearl  Louise,  Primary  Teacher,  Ames. 

Phelps,  Lela,  Mrs.  W.  T.  Evans,  Parkersburg. 
Married  June  25,  1902. 

Putnam,  Delilah.     Completed  two-years'  course  in  1900. 

RafTety,  Watha,  Mrs.  W.  S.  Kearney. 
Married  June  1,  1899. 

Ritchey,  Jeannette. 

Ryan,  Mary,  B.  Di.,  '98. 

Schuff,  Pauline. 

Smith,  Minetta. 

Steiner,  Julia,  Mrs.  W.  R.  Dickson,  Clerk  Cedar  Falls  Na- 
tional Bank,  Cedar  Falls. 
Married  October  4,  1899. 

Townsend,  Kittie  I.     Completed  two-years'  course  in  1899. 

Van  Dyke,  Flora  E. 

Von  Stein,   Cora. 

Wallingford,  Clara. 

Williams,  Avis,  Akron. 


116  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

TWO  YEARS  COURSE. 

Bell,  Chessie,  Mrs.  Chas.  F.  Mast. 

Married  August  22,  1901. 
Eighmey,  Ada,  B.  Di.,  '98. 

Gilmore,  R.  Ellen,  Primary  Teacher,  Durango,  Colo. 
Grettenberg,  Una  M.,  Primary  Teacher,  620  First  Ave.  E., 

Cedar  Rapids. 
Kellogg,  Ella  V.,  Teacher,  Rural  School,  Strawberry  Point. 
Kyler,  Clara,  Mrs.  Alfred  F.  Bellman,  Snohomish,  Wash. 

Married  August  8,   1900. 
Smith,  Stella  E.,  R.  F.  D.  No.  3,  South  Des  Moines. 
Williams,  Mae,  First  Primary  Teacher,  Cherokee. 

1899. 

ONE  YEAR  COURSE. 

Algyer,  Helen. 

Colby,  N.  May. 

Courtnage,  Bertha  E. 

Fothergill,  Martha  A.,  Teacher,  Rural  School,  Colton,  Cal. 

Healy,  Kathleen  F. 

Mankey,  Nellie,  Newell. 

McConnell,  Minnie  B.,  Mrs.  Frank  L.  Broadgate,  Spencer. 

Married  August  26,   1903. 
Shearer,  Marion  C,  Mrs.  J.  E.  Wareing,  Chapelle,  S.  D. 

Married  April  30,  1902. 
Wing,  Hattie  L. 

TWO  YEARS    COURSE. 

AdssH,  Ruth,  Student  Teachers'  College,  Columbia  University/ 

i\Tew  York  City. 
Bagley,  Mrs.  Mattie  K. 
Coffman,  Gertrude. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  117 

Davis,  Kate  A. 

Ellenwood,  Amy  E. 

Kneen,  E.  Ida.,  Mrs.  U.  M.  Bratton. 

Married  December  18,  1901. 
Le  Fever,  Allie  B.,  Primary  Teacher,  Boone. 
Mack,  Lottie  A.,  Cedar  Falls. 
Savage,  Stella,  Primary  Teacher,  Washington. 
Schneider,  Anna  B. 

Stickney,  Bessie  A.,  First  Primary  Teacher,  Fonda. 
Sweney,  Charlotte  E.,     Principal     of     Third  Ward  School. 

Algona. 
Townsend,  Kittie. 
Walker,  Olive  B.,  Mrs.  E.  S.  Wark,  620  Thirty-fourth  St., 

Minneapolis,  Minn. 
Wilcox,  Frankie  E.,  B.  Di.,  '96. 
Wilson,  Sara  M. 

1900. 

Apple,  Gertrude. 

Arlen,  Edith,  Primary  Teacher,  Clinton. 

Barr,  Elizabeth. 

Barr,  Vae. 

Barker,  Edith,  First  Primary  Teacher,  Tipton. 

Barger,  Maude  L.,  Second  Primary  Teacher,  Tipton. 

Both,   Adelene. 

Bowers,  Lillian  E. 

Bryte,  Maude. 

Childs,  Edith. 

De  Witt,  Grace  B. 

Feeny,  Helena. 

Gilchrist,  Jennie,  Mrs.  W.  C.  Jarnagin,  Cedar  Falls. 

Hoag,  Alice,  Primary  Teacher,  De  Soto. 

Maynard,  May  L.,  First  Primary  Teacher,  Manning. 

Putnam,    Delilah. 


118  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Rollinson,  J.  Rebecca,  Mrs.  Orson  Darnell,  Des  Moines. 

Married  September  23,   1903. 
Severin,  Anna,  Cedar  Falls. 
Shellabarger,  Etta. 

Married. 
Stanley,  Jessie  L. 
Wilson,  Pearle,  Primary  Teacher,  Atlantic. 

1 901. 

Allen,  Bertha  G. 

Barker,  Dora. 

Bettanier,  Eva  B.,  Mrs.  Walter  Mitchell,  Kalona. 

Married  August,  1902. 
Casey,  Marguerite  L. 

Gower,  Ida  Ml,  Primary  Teacher,  Rhodes. 
Griffiths,  Belle  Katherine,  Mrs.  Harry  Philpot,  Cedar  Falls. 

Married  November  12,  1902. 
Joy,  Alice  C,  Primary  Teacher,  Algona. 
Langworthy,  Calla  B. 
Mbrnin,  Mrs.  Kathryn,  Second  Grade  Teacher,  Sioux  Falls, 

S.  D. 
Perkins,   Minnie. 
Reynolds,  L.  Kathryn. 

Sebolt,  Bessie  E.,  First  Primary  Teacher,  Ackley. 
Shaw,  Annie  L. 
Shoudy,  Emma,  B.  Di.,  'go. 
Specht,  Laura  T.  E.,  Primary  Teacher,  Rockwell. 
Spellman,  Nelle  L. 
Van  Winkle,  Salome  B.,  Teacher,  Dysart. 

1902. 

Brannan,  Mary  B.,  B.  Di.,  '94. 
Harris,  Alta. 
Hoenig,    Jessie   M. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  119 

Knox,  Florence,   Primary  Teacher,    1204  Capitol  Ave.,  Des 

Moines. 
McCarty,   Margaret  E.,   First  Primary  Teacher,  Laurens. 
McElroy,  Alice. 

Petheram,  Elsie  L,  Primary  Teacher,  Aplington. 
Rhodes,  Estalene. 

Seller,  Clara  J.,  Primary  Teacher,  Gunnison,  Colo. 
Shannon,  Marguerite. 

Smith,  Anna  R.,  Primary  Teacher,  Brighton. 
Spear,  Mrs.  Jane,  Primary  Teacher,  Waterloo. 
Stevenson,  Grace  O.,  Second  Primary  Teacher,  Doon. 
Thompson,  Margaret,  Primary  Teacher,  George. 
Williams,  Harriet,  First  Primary  Teacher,.  Clear  Lake. 

1903. 

Barger,  Alice  Blanche,  Primary  Teacher,  Milford. 
Bingham,  M.  Maude,  Primary  Teacher,  Dows. 
Erickson,  Carrie  E.,  Second  Primary  Teacher,  Kingsley. 
Hall,  Jennie  F.,  B.  Di.,  '03. 

Kelly,  Bertha  M.,  Second  Grade  Teacher,  Denison. 
Kempthorne,  Emily,  Primary  Teacher,  Mason  City. 
King,  Zaidee  L.,  Principal  of  Washington  School,  East  Wa- 
terloo. 
Kuebler,  Edith,  Primary  Teacher,  Washta. 
Trumbauer,  Dora,  Third  Grade  Teacher,  Oelwein. 
Walker,  Anna  M. 

SPECIAL  COURSE  FOR   TEACHERS   OF    READING 
AND  PUBLIC  SPEAKING. 

(Established  m  1902.) 

1903. 

Caldwell,  Inez,  Long  Island,  Kans. 


120  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL, 

DECEASED   GRADUATES. 

The  year  of  graduation  is  given  in  parenthesis  following  the 
name.    The  date  of  decease  is  given  in  ever}-  case  as  accurately 
as  known  to  the  president's  office. 
Andrews,  Sara  BrufI   (1896),  August  13,   1898. 
Babcock,  Charles  L.  (1897  and  1899),  August  24,  1902. 
Barner,  Fred  I.  (1897),  March  4,  1904. 
Benthall,  Mary  E.,  Mrs.  C.  L.  Corrington  (1897),  June  10, 

1900. 
Benton,  Rome  O.   (1878),  1879. 
Bohstedt,  Mary  D.   (1892),  August  18,  1896. 
Burton,  Albert   (1892),  February  22,  1901. 
Byers,  Joey  M.,  Mrs.  Householder  (1878). 
Churchill,  L.  E.  (1878),  1885. 
Clark,  Ella  M.   (1890),  July  22,  1900. 
Cobb,  C.  W.  (1889),  1 89 1. 
Cochran,  Corinne  (1900),  October  10,  1900. 
Cooke,  Eva  (1880),  1888. 
Cooke,  Clara  C.  (1880),  1883. 
Crary,  Louisa  (1897),  May  9,  1901. 
Crawford,  Robert  T.  (1896),  November,  1901. 
Cunningham,  Edmund  P.  (1893),  May  2,  1896. 
Dane,  Rhoda  E.  (1899),  October  16,  1899. 
Dane,  Albert  D.  (1899),  June  29,  1901. 
Davies,  Ethlyn  (1894),  October  7,  1897. 
Davis,  Anna  (1881). 
DeHart,  A.  G.  (1895). 
Earhart,  Ella  (1892),  September  7,  1894. 
Edgar,  Anna  (1895),  October  28,  1895. 
Fields,  Wm.  M.  (1886  and  1887),  August  31,  1896. 
Flint,  Carrie,  Mrs.  C.  F.  Cutler  (1883),  1890. 
French,  Maude  (1902),  January  5,   1903. 
Harlan,  Chas.  F.  (1885),  1896. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  121 

Hieber,  Clara  H.,  Mrs.  Chas.  R.  Rail  (1896),  March  7,  1903. 

Hoagland,  Edith  Adella  (1894),  February  1,  1901. 

Hoch,  Nellie,  Mrs.  C.  B.  Fountain  (1888),  February  25,  1904. 

Judd,  Blanche  (1891),  M!arch  29,  1892. 

Kelly,  Jas.  R.  (1897),  June,  1899. 

King,  Dora  A.  (1888),  October  7,  1896. 

Kleinsorge,  John  A.  (1890),  March  15,  1901. 

Kraiger,    Sara    E.,  Mrs.    Henry  Wilson    (1884),    October  6, 

i895- 
Leach,  Lucy  (1885),  1891. 

Leland,  Gertrude,  Mrs.  A.  W.  Isbell  (1890),  April  26,  1897. 

Lenocker,  Francis  E.  (1896),  July  29,  1900. 

Libby,  Mabel  (1894-1895),  November  1,  1895. 

McAlvin,  Nellie,  Mrs.  Albert  W.  Stuntz   (1893),  March  10. 

1901. 
McCammond,  George  E.  (1895),  October  1,  1903. 
McElhiney,  Lizzie  A.  (1893),  JurJ  L  x894- 
McMahan,  J.  S.  (1892),  May,  1893. 
Miller,  Charles  C.  (1889),  August,  1892. 
Miller,  Martha,  Mrs.  Edward  B.    Haskell    (1889),    May   4, 

1903. 
Milner,  Mattie  (1898),  February  20,  1900. 
Moore,  Ella  (1891),  September  24,  1892. 
Neal,  Alice  (1895),  Mav  23>  l896- 
Noland,  Nora  C.    (1898),  April  16,   1900. 
Ormsby,  Marcella  (1896),  December  10,  1899. 
Orr,  Jessie  (1892),  April  20,  1893. 
Parish,  L.  W.,  Jr.   (1902),  September  26,  1902. 
Pease,  Mattie  (1885),  1890. 
Poor,  Helen  L.  (1892-1897),  February  6,  1899. 
Potter,  Alda  L.  (1897- 1898),  September  21,  1902. 
Pruitt,  Geo.  E.  (1898),  December  10,  1903. 
Roberts,  Flora  Addie  (1882). 
Roberts,  Jennie  Lucy  (1882- 1885),  1889. 


122  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Robinson,  Ila  May   (1895),  September  28,   1902. 

Stout,  Mary  F.  (1897),  Mlarch  16,  1898. 

Taubman,  Katherine  M.   (1899). 

Thompson,  Clara  J.  (1902),  December  19,  1903. 

Thompson,  Mary  H.  (1890),  July,  1891. 

Townsend,  Warren  D.    (1888). 

Treimer,  Carl  (1892- 1893),  March  3,  1897. 

Twinam,  Adelaide  (1895),  Summer  of  1902. 

Walraven,  Florence  E.   (1883),  August  25,  1897. 

White,  John  S.  (1878). 

Whitney,  Harry  Edgar  (1897),  May,  1899. 

Winne,  Grace  M.,  Mrs.  Julien  Pudick  (1881),  1898. 


Historical  Account 

of  the 

Several  Societies 


Alumnal,  Literary,  Athletic  and  Religious 


Organized  and  Maintained 

at  the 

State  Normal  School 


1 876- 1904 


(123) 


124  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 


THE  ALUMNI  ASSOCIATION. 

The  Alumni  Association  probably  had  its  origin  in  1879. 
for  in  the  following  year,  1880,  reference  is  made  to  a  previ- 
ous organization.  At  this  meeting  of  1880,  in  the  absence  of 
officers,  David  K.  Bond  was  elected  president  pro  tern.,  and 
Mary  L.  Chapman,  secretary.  The  election  of  officers  resulted 
as  follows :  President,  J.  S.  White ;  Vice-President,  Lou  P. 
Barrett;  Secretary,  Clelland  Gilchrist;  Treasurer,  Kate 
Wether  ell. 

Three  constitutions  have  been  adopted,  the  first  appearing 
in  the  minutes  without  date;  the  second  in  1885,  bearing  the 
names  of  W.  A.  Bartlett,  E.  R.  Nichols  and  George  Chandler 
as  the  committee  of  revision;  the  third  in  1902,  providing  that 
the  literary  program  shall  consist  of  oration,  history  and  es- 
say, that  the  dues  shall  be  fifty  cents  per  year,  and  that  the 
president,  secretary  and  treasurer  shall  constitute  an  executive 
committee  for  the  management  of  affairs  during  the  year. 

The  first  literary  program  given  seems  to  have  been  in 
1 88 1,  when  Malcolm  Stewart  was  orator;  Rose  Southard, 
historian,  and  Eva  Cook,  poetess.  The  orators  chosen  for  the 
years  from  1881  to  1904  are  as  follows: 

1 88 1 — Malcolm  Stewart. 

1882 — (Not  given  in  the  minutes). 

1883— (Not  given  in  the  minutes). 

1884 — Jennie  M.  Buchanan. 

1885 — George  Chandler. 

1886— E.  D.  Chassell. 

1887-W.  H.  Bender. 

1 888— Warren   Carroll 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  125 

1889— D.  L.  Skiff. 

1890 — William  A.  Bartlett. 

1891—  J.  P.  Dodds. 

1892  — George  B.  Phelps. 

1893— Mrs.  D.  S.  Wright. 

1894 — G.  W.  Newton. 

1895— E.  H-  Griffin. 

1896 — Mrs.  Lura  Chase  Kingman. 

1897 — Sara  M.   Riggs. 

1898— C.  E.  Locke. 

1899— G.  S.  Dick. 

1900 — S.  E.  McMahon. 

1 901—  W.  R.  Patterson. 

1902 — H.  B.  Lizer. 

1903 — O.  H.  L.  Mason. 

1904 — H.  H.  Savage. 

The  following  have  acted  as  presidents    of    the  Associa- 
tion: 

1880-D.  K.  Bond. 

1881— T.  S.  White. 

1882  — Clelland  Gilchrist. 

1883— W.  I.  Benham. 

1884— W.  I.  Benham. 

1885— E.  R.  Nichols. 

1886— E.  E.  Best. 

1887 — Mrs.  Rose  Southard  Lantz. 

1888— Mrs.  D.  S.  Wright. 

1889— Mrs.  D.  S.  Wright. 
1890 — Emma  M.  Ridley. 
1 89 1 — George  S.  Dick. 
1892 — Lura  Chase. 
1893— W.  H.  Bender. 
1894— C.  Ray  Aurner. 
1895 — George  Olmstead. 


126  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

1896 — W.  L.  Hearst. 
1897 — C.  A.  Fuller  ton. 
1898— Frank  G.  Miller. 
1899— L.  B.  Moffett. 
1900 — O.  M.  Harvey. 
1901 — C.  E.  Stinson. 
1902 — B.  J.  Lambert. 
1903 — H.  C.  Cummins. 
1904 — W.  L.  Hearst. 

The  Alumni  are  at  present  kept  in  closer  touch  with  their 
Alma  Mater  and  with  each  other  through  the  columns  of  the 
Normal  Byte  by  having  an  Alumni  editor  chosen  from  the 
Alumni  to  represent  their  interests.  Mamie  F.  Hearst  has 
held  this  position  for  the  past  three  years.  She  would  be  glad 
to  receive  communications  from  the  Alumni  regarding  them- 
selves or  their  friends  in  the  Association. 

The  regular  annual  meeting  of  the  Association  is  held  the 
day  preceding  Commencement,  the  whole  day  being  now  de- 
voted to  Alumni  interests.  A  mid-year  meeting,  chiefly  social, 
is  held  in  Des  Moines  during  the  session  of  the  State  Teachers' 
Association.  A  plan  has  been  inaugurated  whereby  each  year 
certain  classes  shall  have  special  reunions. 

Little  has  been  done  by  the  Association  as  an  organiza-* 
tion  to  further  the  interests  of  the  school,  more  might  be  ac- 
complished if  plans  were  made  to  that  end. 

SARA  M.  RIGGS. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  127 


LITERARY  SOCIETIES. 

i 

The  literary  societies  have  always  been  a  most  important 
factor  in  the  Normal  School  work.  Graduates  and  other  stu- 
dents remember  with  the  greatest  pleasure  the  association  of 
the  societies  and  place  a  high  estimate  upon  the  training  re- 
ceived from  this  source.  The  societies  were  organized  in  the 
following  order:  Philomathean,  1877;  Alpha,  1877;  Shake- 
spearean, 1883;  Cliosophic,  1886;  Aristotelian,  1889;  Neo- 
trophian,  1891 ;  Orio,  1893;  Zetalethian,  1893;  Ossoli,  1897; 
Chrestomathian,  1901. 

PHILOMATHEAN. 

The  Philomathean  Society  was  organized  January  18. 
1877,  w^h  the  following  as  charter  members:  R.  O.  Benton, 

D.  K.  Bond,  L.  E.  Churchill,  Clelland  Gilchrist,  W.  Jasper 
Hunt,  M.  P.  Lichty,  G.  B.  Phelps,  W.  A.  Richardson,  Ly- 
man S.  Scott,  John  S.  White. 

List  of  presidents  from  the  beginning,  arranged  according 
to  years  and  the  order  of  election,  the  term  of  each  officer  be- 
ing six  weeks : 

1877— D.  K.  Bond,  J.  S.  White,  D.  K.  Bond,  G.  B. 
Phelps. 

1877-1878— E,  M.  Rands,  D.  K.  Bond  (two  terms),  L. 

E.  Churchill,  M.  P.  Lichty,  W.  I.  Benham. 

1 878- 1 879  — M.  Everist,  A.  Grundy  (three  terms), 
Daniel  Eiler  (two  terms). 


128  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

1879-1880— W.  I.  Benham,  Clellancl  Gilchrist,  C.  E.  Moore, 
T.  D.  Pettit,  M.  M.  Dietz,  J.  W.  Nichols. 

1 880-1881 — J.  W.  Nichols  (two  terms),  D.  Jennings, 
Malcolm  Stewart,  F.  Bingham,  L,.  J.  Stanton. 

1881-1882— G.  E.  Winter,  H.  F.  Anders,  J.  H.  Driscoll, 
E.  D.  Chassell,  G.  W.  Newton,  Ml  J.  Kenefick. 

1882-1883  — E.  B.  Corning,  W.  Carroll,  E.  E.  Best,  D. 
T.  Skiff,  W.  A.  Bartlett,  E.  H.  Griffin. 

1 883- 1 884— W.  Carroll,  O.  B.  Chassell,  O.  F.  Burgess, 
H.  A.  Hull,  I.  P.  Potter,  A.  E,  Felmley. 

1 884-1885 — Wilbur  Davis,  J.  R.  McKee  (two  terms), 
J.  P.  McMurray,  Joseph  McMahon,  W.  H.  Bender. 

1885-1886— H.  B.  Lizer  (half  term),  C.  N.  Brones 
(half  term),  J.  P.  Reed,  Livingstone  Morris,  C.  N.  Brones, 
John  Sogard,  G.  S.  Dick. 

1886-1887— H.  E.  Nothomb,  W.  T.  Dick,  G.  H.  Mc- 
Manus,  E.  E.  Harrison,  H.  E.  Wheeler,  W.  N.  Watson. 

1887-1888— P.  G.  Fullerton,  B.  W.  McKeen,  G.  M. 
Langeteig,  S.  E.  McMahon,  F.  C.  Sage,  Thomas  Amlie. 

1888-1889— W.  F.  Moxey,  E.  D.  Y.  Culbertson,  C.  W. 
Cobb,  G.  N.  Sabin,  C.  A.  Fullerton,  O.  H.  L.  Mason. 

1 889- 1 890 — F.  A.  Nimrocks,  J.  F.  Doderer,  M.  C.  Cun- 
ningham, C.  Ray  Aurner,  W.  H.  Robinson,  S.  B.  Stonerook. 

1 890- 1 89 1— Joseph  Parks,  Dan  Rhodes,  A.  M.  Wilson, 
C.  C.  Hammerly,  R.  C.  Adams,  S.  O.  Holm. 

1891-1892— F.  G.  Miller,  Y.  G.  Barnell,  S.  L.  Thomas. 
A.  L.  Thornburn,  A.  F.  Burton,  C.  A.  Draper. 

1 892- 1 893— Carl  Treimer,  C.  W.  Bartine,  J.  E.  Smith,  A. 
L.  Comstock,  Geo.  W.  Briggs,  D.  R.  Perkins. 

1 893- 1 894 — Samuel  Younkin,  J.  R.  Byers,  M.  H. 
Thielen,  Robert  Fullerton,  E.  J.  Turner,  W.  G.  Burris, 

1894-1895— E,  G.  Copeland,  G.  W.  Randlett,  C.  E. 
Stinson,  C.  E.  Tool,  F.  C.  Woods,  L.  C.  Bryan. 

1895-1896— B.  B.  Welty,  R.  T.  Crawford,  John  Wilson. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL.  SCHOOL  129 

A.  Ml  Lane,  C.  E.  Locke,  H.  C.  Cummins. 

1 896- 1 897—  Charles  Johnson,  F.  N.  Fullerton,  L.  T. 
Harris,  William  Sparks,  E.  C.  Nelson,  A.  M.  Nichelson. 

1897-1898 — Charles  Meyerholz,  E,  C.  Bartlett,  J.  L. 
Mowry,  Wl.  J.  Bell,  O.  D.  Longstreth,  B.  T.  Youel. 

1898-1899— W.  B.  Bell,  Charles  Sutherland,  A.  D.  Mil- 
ler, G.  D.  Eaton,  J.  H.  Ellison,  R.  H.  Volland. 

1899-1900— R.  M.  Estes,  Joel  E.  Johnson,  M.  R.  Tim- 
merman,  C.  S.  Cory,  B.  J.  Beavers,  B.  G.  Hess. 

1900-1901 — E.  E.  Watson,  E.  W.  Gregson,  E.  J.  War- 
ren, T.  E.  Hawk,  T.  L.  Long,  W.  A.  Burton. 

1901-1902 — P.  A.  Long,  H.  W.  Scallon,  C.  H.  Gilbert, 
D.  D.  Schneider,  P.  F.  Hammond,  R.  A.  Fenton. 

1902- 1903 — H.  B.  Hetzler,  Allan  Peterson,  A.  N.  Wray, 
C.  W.  Moore,  E.  J.  Feuling,  L.  M.  Burgess. 

1903- 1904 — R.  R.  Stuart,  C.  E.  Cavett,  W.  P.  Jensen, 
T.  B.  Stewart. 

ALPHA. 

The  Alpha  Society  was  organized  in  April,  1877,  with 
Miss  Matilda  Palmer  as  its  first  president  and  Miss  Maud 
Gilchrist  as  secretary.  Since  that  time  the  following  persons 
have  presided  over  its  meetings: 

1878 — Maud  Gilchrist,  Idella  Chapman,  Hannah  Bu- 
chanan, Carrie  Flint,  Anna  Jones. 

1879 — Mary  Ballantyne,  Ada  McClelland,  Emma  Sut- 
ton, Cora  Pierce. 

1880 — Eliza  Rawstern,  Eva  Cook. 

1881 — Annie  Davis,  Stella  Methis,  Flora  Roberts.  Ella 
Williams. 

1882 — Clara  Ensign,  Carrie  Williams,  Nellie  Davis. 
Flora  Morgan. 

1883 — Maggie  Rue,  Sara  Riggs,  Ethelyn  Williams. 


130  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

1884 — Kathie  Maxwell,  Dora  King,  Minnie  Moore,  Liz- 
zie Sawyer. 

1885 — Alice  Pierce,  Ella  Buckingham,  Eleanor  Kruger, 
Franc  Mills. 

1886— Delia  Goodrich,  Emma  Ridley,  Ella  Ford,  Emma 
Potter. 

1887 — Jennie  Cowan,  Jennie  Hughey,  Clara  Funston. 

1888— Emma  Hogg,  May  Boynton,  Pauline  Leader. 

1889 — Belle  Cowan,  Nellie  McAlvin,  Emma  Funk. 

1890 — Adelia  Gregg,  Helen  Clute,  Agnes  Cowan. 

1 89 1 — Beatrice  Evers,  Stella  Tuttle,  Amy  Bell. 

1892 — Florence  Zerwekh,  Lissa  Jeffers,  Florence  Mack. 

1893 — Vinnie  Marsh,  Cynthia  Titus,  Franc  Stewart. 

1894 — Ida  Fesenbeck,  Lillian  Dale,  Susie  Hemenway. 

1895 — Ethel  Arey,  Harriet  Kimball,  Emma  Lambert. 

1896 — Nina  Fiscus,  Maude  Bozarth,  Anna  Bernard. 

1897 — Fannie  Mowry,  Alice  Peters,  Grace  Minnis,  Olive 
Whitmore,  Julia  Miller,  Bertha  Marsh. 

1898 — Verna  Bernard,  Louise  Moyer,  Loretta  Blake, 
Martha  Roberts. 

1899 — Myrtle  Drew,  Jennie  Huie,  Mabel  Montgomery, 
Daisy  Howe,  Bess  Streeter,  Sara  Sherman. 

1900 — Maude  Lane,  Luella  Wright,  Juliette  Pierce,  Jes- 
sie Blodg-ett,  Leila  Mitchell 

1901 — Ethel  Meacham,  Lucy  Miller,  Jeanette  Cushman, 
Bess  Kaye,  Mary  King. 

1902 — Kittie  Murphy,  Grace  Simpson,  Bessie  Forrester, 
Clara  Thompson,  Mary  Jensen. 

1903 — Blanche  Mcintosh,  Jennie  Howarth,  Ella  Hoff- 
man, Vida  Keene,  Ruth  Egloff. 

1904 — Jessie  Wiler,  Grace  Lambert. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  131 

SHAKESPEAREAN  CIRCLE. 

The  Shakespearean  Society  was  organized  in  September, 
1884.     Its  presidents  have  been  as  follows: 

1884 — Susie  Mack. 

1885 — Susie  Mack,  Annis  Folsom,  Lucy  Leech,  Lizzie 
Jones. 

1886 — Lizzie  Jones,  Alice  Blake,  Emily  Yale,  Mary  Pal- 
mer. 

1887 — Laura  Monlux,  Sarah  Peters,  Ida  Shaw. 

1888— Eva  Wier,  Gertrude  Hale,  Jennie  Wier,  Minnie 
Stockton. 

1889 — Agnes  Russell,  Helen  Sisson,  Carrie  Hickman. 

1890 — Etta  Robinson,  Margaret  Gilchrist,  Linnie  Moore. 

1 89 1 — Mame  Scott,  Lissa  Lenocker,  Hattie  Hartshorn. 

1892 — Mame  Herrick,  Mae  Loonan,  Katherine  Laird. 

1893 — Jennie  Wier,  Harriet  Cunningham,  Francis  Al- 
lison. 

1894 — Tillie  Harrington,  Abbie  Gunn,  Beulah  Burris. 

1895  —  Norma  Butterfield,  Alma  Gray,  Jessie  Williams, 
Sara  McDonald. 

1896 — Alzada  Mbwry,  Alice  Curtis,  Alberta  Hoffman, 
Cora  Curtis,  Marcella  Ormsby,  Linnie  Downs,  -Mary  Boyle. 

1897 — Deborah  Davis,  Anna  Goodale,  Ida  Sturgeon, 
Martha  Hutchinson,  Naomi  Achenbach. 

1898 — Mae  Brewer,  Lizzie  Bowen,  Mary  Belle  Donnan, 
Grace  Vinton,  Marie  Johnson,  Marian  Leonard,  Stella  Rob- 
inson. 

1899 — Harriett  Bock,  Leora  Parker,  Winifred  Morris, 
Etta  Rider,  Emma  Shoudy,  Anna  Black. 

1900 — Alice  Edgerly,  Bertha  Beale,  Sylvia  Smith,  Mat- 
tie  Freeburg,  Bertha  Anderson,  Maude  Barr. 

1 901 — Clara  Denniston,  Mrs.  Mary  Patton,  Mae  Wall, 
Mae  Cress  well,  Jean  Leonard. 


132  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

1902 — Lucretia  Eighmey,  Miaude  French,  Iva  Lamb, 
Margaret  Huston,  Maude  Popp,  Daisy  Wood. 

1903 — Edna  Little,  Mary  Walters,  Gertrude  Riggs. 
Clara  Bonnewell,  Bertha  Stiles,  Esther  Seerley,  Mabel 
Parish. 

1904 — Julia  Bucklen. 

CLIOSOPHIC. 

The  Cliosophic  Society  was  organized  in  October,  1886. 
It  grew  out  of  a  desire  on  the  part  of  students  living  outside 
of  the  buildings  for  a  society  which  should  hold  an  afternoon 
instead  of  an  evening  session.  The  list  of  presidents  is  as 
follows : 

1886 — Anna  Morgan,  Nellie  Hearst. 

1887 — Lena  Seitzinger,  Libbie  Wyant,  Nellie  Jarvis. 

1888— Sophie  Wismer,  Mlary  Hieber,  Kittie  Townsend. 

1889 — Anna  Wilson,  Mary  Thompson,  Janet  Wilson. 

1892 — Sophie  Keeler,  Mamie  Hearst,  Julia  Hendrickson, 
Elma  Raymond. 

1893 — Ella  Scurry,  Grace  Griffin,  Mabel  Sheerer. 

1894 — Frances  Cross,  Helen  Tyler,  Nellie  Weldy,  Anna 
Morgan,  Phoebe  Mbrgan. 

1895 — Adella  Gibson,  Berta  Mitchell,  Stena  Hansen, 
Minnie  Hegner,  Mamie  Gilchrist. 

1896 — Mae  Kennedy,  Minnie  Banker,  Jessie  Barnt,  Alice 
Hawk,  Nettie  Hartsell,  Margaret  Klinefelter,  Nellie  Scott. 

1897 — Elizabeth  Heaton,  Mary  Stout,  May  Birdsall, 
Dora  Larson,  Nellie  Dority. 

1898 — Lizzie  Bain,  Nervie  Keeler,  Tressie  Waldo,  Inez 
Phipps,  Josephine  Smith. 

1899 — Abbie  Rodman,  Mae  Dolan,  Lucy  Pingrey,  Katie 
Ives,   Carrie  Durant,  Ida  Donald. 

1900— Mattie  Hageman,  Belle  Tellier,  Laura  Slay  ton, 
Bessie  Arnold,   Florence  Rigby,   Minnie  Arent. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  133 

1 90 1 — Grace  Churchill,  Lynn  Barnum,  Jessie  Cunning, 
Velma  Roadman,  Allie  Childress,  Emma  Hoebel. 

1902 — Jennie  Berg,  Amy  Crary,  Mary  Bruce. 

1903 — Agnes  McCracken,  Alison  Aitchison,  Ruth  Long, 
Mary  Feltus,  Jessie  Cunning,  Ida  Marschall. 

1 904— Kate  McDonald. 

ARISTOTELIAN. 

The  early  history  of  the  Aristotelian  Society  is  somewhat 
obscure,  the  records  extending  only  to  May  24,  1890.  The 
society  was  organized  in  1886,  reorganized  in  1887,  and  rec- 
ognized by  the  Faculty  in  1889. 

LIST    OF    PRESIDENTS. 

1886— A.  W.  Sargent 

1 889- 1 890 — Alvin  Reynolds,  Bruce  Francis,  W.  L. 
Veatch,  Ray  Keeler,  L.  A.  Wescott,  W.  L.  Veatch. 

1 890- 1 89 1 — E.  A.  Crary,  J.  C.  McGee,  F.  E.  Lenocker, 
W.  D.  Taylor,  F.  W.  Perkins,  J.  E.  Johnson, 

1891-1892— H.  E.  Button,  J.  P.  Huggett,  L.  H.  An- 
drews, A.  B.  Alexander,  E.  P.  Cunningham,  C.  Ml  Thomp- 
son. 

1 892-1893— W.  F.  Berner,  C.  C.  Magee,  L.  A.  I.  Chap- 
man, Walter  Guthridge,  E,  B.  Williams,  Charles  Henry. 

1 893- 1 894 — F.  C.  Ensign,  H.  E.  Blackmar,  C.  A.  Fred- 
erick, S.  C.  Smith,  Rodney  M.  Arey,  L,  H.  Minkel. 

1894-1895— J.  T.  Fackler,  E.  E.  Rail,  H.  H.  Savage,  E. 
O.  Bronson,  George  Rail,  W.  T.  Davison,  W.  H.  Reever, 
S.  S.  Stockwell. 

1895-1896— W.  H.  Lyon,  J.  R.  McNally,  E.  B.  Rogers, 
J.  J.  Lambert,  O.  J.  McManus,  R.  H.  Minkel. 

1896-1897— B.  J.  Lambert,  N.  M.  Leonard,  W.  E.  Kyler, 
C.  C.  Clayton,  W.  R.  Sandy,  W.  E.  Salisbury. 

1897-1898— A.  A.  Manson,  E,  T.  Shepard,  F.  D.  Me- 


134  IOWA  STATE   NORMAL   SCHOOL. 

Uravy,  Benjamin  Boardman,  C.  W.  Lyon,  F.  A.  Bronson. 

1898-1899— E,  N.  Gibson,  George  Mueller,  W.  H. 
Bridges,  J.  A.  Boyle,  Benjamin  Quigley,  Ira  T.  Shaffner. 

1899-1900 — George  Eckhard,  Leslie  I.  Reed,  C.  P.  Shear- 
er, M.  J.  Lamb,  J.  P.  Woodruff,  E.  E.  Kuhn. 

19001901— J.  R.  Magee,  W.  G.  Mbgee,  G.  J.  Balzer,  L. 
P.  Parker,  Louis  Pelzer,  E.  C.  Roberts. 

190 1- 1902 — J.  C.  Parish,  Will  Francis,  Leigh  Robinson, 

E.  W.  Vogel,  Oscar  Mueller,  James  Daughton. 

1902-1903 — J.  Foy  Cross,  Joe  B.  Clay,  Don  Campbell. 

F.  E.  Magee,  Macy  Campbell,  E.  S.  Smith. 

1903-1904— A.  A.  Smith,  R.  H.  Sylvester,  B.  B.  Mc- 
Ginnis,  D.  B.   Mlcllravy. 

NEOTROPHIAN. 

The  following  is  an  extract  from  the  first  records  of  the 
Neotrophian  Society:  "It  having  been  necessary  to  form  a 
new  literary  society,  a  meeting  of  students  desiring  to  enter 
such  a  society  was  called  Tuesday,  September  15,  1891,  in 
Miss  Wallbank's  room.  Miss  Maud  Carr  was  appointed 
chairman,  and  Laurane  Carson  secretary  pro  tern.  The  meet- 
ing then  proceeded  to  business.  Upon  motion  Misses  Whit- 
ney, Sweet  and  Conner  were  appointed  a  committee  to  draft 
a  constitution.  Upon  motion  Misses  Griff  en,  Bennett  and 
Ives  were  appointed  a  nominating  committee.  The  society 
then  adjourned  to  meet  Friday,  September  18.  in  Miss  Wal- 
bank's  room." 

The  name  Neotrophian,  meaning  "culture  of  youth," 
was  adopted  October  23,  189 1.  The  object  of  the  society  is 
to  improve  its  members  in  all  literary  exercises,  its  motto  be- 
ing "Nulla  vestigia  retrorsum."  The  colors  of  the  society 
are  corn  and  blue;  its  flower  is  the  yellow  rose,  while  the  under- 
graduate badge  is  a  laurel  leaf  with  "Neo"  on  the  blade  and 
"I.  S.  N.  S."  on  the  stem. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  135 

The  charter  members  of  the  society  were: 
Rosa  Bennett,  Maggie  Berry,  Alice  Briggs,  Carrie  Bron- 
son,  Ella  Farrington,  Jessamine  Ives,  Marion  Sweet,  Jennie 
Wilson,  Emma  Evans,  Lucy  Mount,  Maud  Carr,  Laurane 
Carson,  Annie  Champion,  Alline  Ensign,  Agnes  Heightshoe, 
Emma  Pringle,  Laura  Paine,  Anna  Fugier,  Myrtle  Murphy. 
The  following  persons  have  held  the  office  of  president  in 
the  society  since  its  beginning  in  1891 : 

Maggie  Berry,  Laurane  Carson,  Lucy  Mount,  Ella  Far- 
rington, Agnes  Heightshoe,  Jennie  Wilson,  Anna  Rail,  Annie 
Champion,  Hattie  Shaw,  Ethlyn  Davies,  Lena  Shannon, 
Maggie  Montgomery,  Clara  Eckhard,  Kate  Crawford,  Mol- 
lie  Kelly,  Edith  Nash,  Emma  Larkin,  Minnie  Edwards,  Ida 
Worster,  Edith  Eighmey,  Hattie  Higley,  Mlinnie  Gardner, 
Jennie  Krebs,  Alice  White,  Bertha  J.  Edwards,  Lottie  Davis, 
Carrie  Clark,  Alice  Fullerton,  Ada  Groves,  Vina  Wells,  Ethel 
Waller,  Anna  Montgomery,  Nellie  Smith,  Edith  Korinke, 
Rose  Ferguson,  Ella  Thompson,  Faith  Stuntz,  Emma  Miller, 
Minnie  Adams,  Jennie  McKellar,  Ella  Moore,  Gertrude  Clark, 
Jennie  Lindsay,  Bella  Hostetter,  Alice  Simpson,  Ida  Tupper, 
Kate  Putnam,  Fannie  Dickey,  Margaret  Gorman,  Mina  Og- 
den,  Nellie  Pemberton,  Mi'ary  Dougherty,  Catherine  Craw- 
ford, Adeline  Bishop,  Mary  Hartley,  Edith  Fisher,  Nellie 
Cotter,  Winifred  Selser,  Grace  Simpson,  Maggie  Gittins, 
Alice  Edwards,  Avice  Dailey,  Ethel  Edwards,  Minna  Mer- 
riam,  Winifred  Byrne,  Kate  Lester,  Esta  Ross,  Essie  Davies, 
Blanche  Renne,  Ethel  Lovitt,  Gladys  Dunn. 

ORIO. 

The  Orio   Society  was  organized  in   1893. 

LIST    OF    PRESIDENTS. 

1893— E.  D.  Ede. 

1893-1894— O.  P.  McElmeel,  J.  E,  Vance,  A.  M.  Gray, 
R.  M.  Wyant,  Fred  Williams,  L.  E.  Johnson.1 


136  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

1894-1895— G.  W.  Hursey,  G.  H.  Scobey,  Geo.  Gallo- 
way, U.  B.  Kepford,  A.  G.  DeHart,  B.  A.  Smillie. 

1 895- 1 896 — E.  R.  Monroe..  Morton  E.  Weldy,  Joseph 
O.  Johnson,  Harry  S.  Stein,  W.  H.  McMillan,  M.  L.  Fuller. 

1896-1897— C.  J.  Shaffer,  H.  E.  Whitney,  P.  M.  Shaffer, 
C.  S,  Beall,  J.  ML  Kirby,  L.  A.  Warwick. 

1 897- 1 898 — Joe  Vance,  Ed.  Beckley,  J.  H.  Anderson, 
M.  Jaynes,  Frank  E.  Green,  L.  B.  Swaggart. 

1898-1899 — A.  C.  Fuller,  Casper  Schenk,  Chas.  Babcock, 
P.  E.  McClenahan,  H.  E.  Scott,  B.  J.  Read. 

1899-1900 — J.  Ml.  Pierce,  W.  H.  Dana,  A.  C.  Wyant,  A. 
E.  Axtell,  J.  O.  Huntley,  Jas.  Kendrick. 

1 900-1901— F.  A.  Barber,  U.  G.  Hayden,  W.  S.  Mitchell, 
G.  C.  Cleveland,  E.  S.  Baker,  Chas.  Yeager. 

1 901 -1902 — C.  S.  Stoakes,  J.  A.  Yeager,  A.  L.  Vincent, 
John  O.  Kirkpatrick,  Albert  Graham,  G.  H.  Crary. 

1902-1903 — H.  B.  Morgan,  A.  C.  Joy,  J.  C.  Jones,  F.  O. 
Smith,  Thos.  Burckhalter,  Arthur  Wright. 

1903- 1904 — Chas.  Roadman,  Raymond  Dix,  J.  N.  Streff, 
T.  E.  Jones. 

ZETALETHEAN. 

The  Zetalethean  Society  was  organized  in  1892.  Its  ob- 
ject is  declared  to  be  "the  advancement  of  its  members  in  so- 
cial and  literary  effort."  Its  motto  is  "We  seek  the  truth"; 
its  colors  are  cerise  and  white,  and  its  flower  is  the  red  rose. 
The  charter  members  of  the  society  were: 
Clara  Banks,  Fannie  Beckwith,  Hattie  Cuttell,  Ella 
Chafer,  Lucy  Curtis,  Loma  Crosby,  Celia  Duff,  Sara  Feld, 
Ina  Faris,  Lucy  Gillette,  Jessie  Graham,  Olive  McKlveen, 
Lucretia  Mast,  Ida  Faris,  Florence  Nichols,  Marie  A.  Royce, 
Luella  Rigby,  Emma  H.  Reese,  Jennie  Rowland,  Orpha 
Thayer,  Alice  Tedro,  Medley  Wylde,  Orianna  Wesche,  Nellie 
Griffith,  Millie  Graham,  LilHe  Graham,  Jennie  Harrison,  Elma 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  137 

Hall,  Lillian  E.  Rickert,  Stella  Henshaw,  Addie  King,  Josie 
Lowe,  Clara  Wood. 

The  record  shows  the  following  named  persons  as  having 
been  presidents  of  the  society: 

Celia  Duff,  Orpha  Thayer,  Mary  Patterson,  Carrie  E. 
Johnson,  Luella  Rigby,  Emma  R.  Hegner,  Mary  M.  Hughes, 
Alary  Hollen,  Emma  L.  Reese,  Altha  Stone,  Fannie  G.  Out- 
water,  Alma  Sougstad,  Ida  Gordon,  Rose  Morris,  Jeanette 
Sougstad,  Emma  L.  Reese,  Nellie  Round,  Mina  Van  Winkle, 
Laura  Martin,  Miss  Ott,  Gertrude  Jakelin,  Effie  Templeton, 
Miss  Jensen,  Anna  Althouse,  Josephine  Norton,  Mary  Pat- 
terson, Laura  Martin,  Mary  Sayre,  Florence  Kimball,  Nettie 
Norton,  Sue  Bevans,  Emma  Grau,  Ella  Lund,  Lillian  Rick- 
ert, Nora  Hauger,  Mamie  Lent,  Altha  Stone,  Winifred  Will- 
iams, Esther  Wolzmuth,  Alma  Harris,  Emma  Schoelerman, 
Miss  MeGuire,  Pearl  Gould,  Ella  Paulger,  Marie  Finch,  Alice 
Vaala,  Julia  Anderson,  Dora  Trumbauer,  Margaret  Hardie, 
Helga  Jacobson. 

There  are  forty-two  members  in  the  society  at  the  present 
time. 

OSSOLL 

The  Margaret  Fuller  Ossoli  Club  was  organized  in  1897. 
The  declared  object  of  this  organization  is  "to  develop  the 
intellectual  faculties  and  to  encourage  moral  and  social  im- 
provement among,  its  members."  The  society  has  for  its 
motto,  "Be  to  the  best  thou  knowest  ever  true."  Its  colors 
are  green  and  white,  and  its  flower  is  the  pink  carnation. 
The  following  are  the  names  of  its  charter  members: 
Sidney  Dowell,  Bessie  Rathbun,  Ruby  Webster,  Alma 
Meier,  Pearl  Bandy,  Anna  Sheldon,  Laura  Hoag,  Lucy  Sul- 
livan, M«yrtle  Bardsley,  Mabel  L.  Weiny,  Nina  Palmer,  Maude 
Ransom,  Bessie  Bardsley,  Maude  Thomas,  Mae  Thomas,  M. 
Nellie  Oathout,  Prudence  S.  Jackson,  Sarah  H.  Clickener, 
Blanche  Riggs,  Myrtle  Thomas,  Susie  Bell. 


138  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

The  following  presidents  have  held  office: 
Sarah  Clickener,  Sidney  Dowell,  Susie  Bell,  Anna  Heller. 
Susan  Kerstetter,  Bessie  Bardsley,  Bessie  Rathbun,  Mary  Bol- 
ton, Lottie  Green,  Lesta  David,  Rena  Fish,  Agnes  Arnett, 
Margaret  Hawk,  Venia  Hawley,  Beatrice  Bauman,  Elizabeth 
Arnett,  Miss  Clifford,  Miss  Brinkman,  Mrs.  Ella  Hartshorn, 
Laura  Hopkinson,  Florence  Cady,  Ida  Reike,  Ola  Logan,  Lin- 
nie  Schloeman,  Ida  Leighton,  Bessie  Allen,  Ellen  Hull,  Grace 
DeNoon,  Linnie  Schloeman,  Anna  Johnson,  Alyce  Haley, 
Pearl  VanTuyl,   Edith  VanTuyl. 

CHRESTO'MjATHIAN. 

The  Chrestomathian  Society  was  organized  October 
30,  1901.  In  choosing  a  name  for  their  society  the  "Chresto" 
girls  announced  themselves  as  a  body  of  searchers  for  some- 
thing higher  and  more  useful.  In  decoration  they  use  the 
colors  cream  and  wine,  twined  with  myrtle.  A  little  silver 
anchor  and  a  gold  monogram  of  the  letters  C.  and  S.  are  found 
in  their  society  pins. 

The  charter  members  were: 

Lottie  Hunter,  Amelia  McDonnell,  Alice  Armstrong, 
Mabel  Boldrick,  Anna  Patrick,  Mabel  Quire,  Alice  M'cElroy, 
Pansy  Stewart,  Carrie  Brown,  Stella  Burrington,  Elsie  Pith- 
eram,  Agnes  Houlahan,  Cora  Rippel,  Margaret  Thompson. 
Blanche  Sleeper,  Blanche  Burch,  Susie  Wallace,  Estella 
Woodard,  Katharina  Sheesley,  Harriet  Williams,  Minna  How- 
ers,  Mollie  Roller,  Blandina  Deal,  Ora  Johnson,  Carrie  Mar- 
tin, Maude  Gibson,  Myrtle  Huntzinger,  Katherine  Sewall, 
Margaret  Stinson  and  Clara  Case. 

The  presidents  of  the  society  have  been  as  follows : 

Anna  Patrick,.  Mabel  Boldrick,  Lottie  Hunter,,  Carrie 
Martin,  Mabel  Kent,  Carrie  Sperling,  Estella  Woodard,  Cora 
Rippel,  Ora  Johnson,  Edith  Cross,  Jessie  Clark,  Lena  Chand- 
ler, Valeria  Secor,  Nellie  Haskell. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  139 

THE  ORATORICAL  ASSOCIATION. 

In  the  spring  of  1893  the  students  of  the  Iowa  State 
Normal  School  called  a  meeting  and  appointed  a  committee 
whose  duty  it  was  to  increase  interest  in  oratory  in  the  school. 
Their  efforts  resulted  in  the  formation  of  a  local  association, 
of  which  J.  R.  Byers  was  president,  Ida  Fesenbeck  vice- 
president,  Harriet  Cunningham  corresponding  secretary,  Edith 
Neeley  recording  secretary,  and  H.  E.  Blackmar  treasurer. 

In  the  following  October  arrangements  were  made  for  a 
contest,  and  Mr.  O.  M.  Harvey  and  Mr.  S.  T.  Walker  were 
appointed  delegates  to*  the  State  Oratorical  Association.  These 
gentlemen  attended  the  meeting  at  Fairfield  and  obtained  a 
favorable  answer  to  the  request  that  the  Normal  School  be 
allowed  to  become  a  member  of  the  Association.     , 

During  the  time  in  which  this  membership  in  the  State 
Association  was  maintained  the  presidents  and  successful  con- 
testants were  as  follows: 

Presidents :  F.  C.  Ensign,  J.  T.  Fackler,  J.  J.  Lambert, 
J.  O.  Johnson. 

Orators :   Clara  Eckhard,  Deborah  Davis,  S.  S.  Stockwell. 

Percival  Hunt  (substitute). 

In  the  meeting  held  at  Cedar  Rapids  February  22,  1896. 
our  contestant  was  debarred  from  the  contest,  and  our  mem- 
bership in  the  State  Association  ceased.  Rumors  of  such 
an  action  had  been  current  for  some  time,  and,  in  view  of 
this  fact  and  similar  action  in  Kansas  toward  the  Normal 
School  there,  a  meeting  had  been  called  at  St.  Joseph,  Mis- 
souri, to  consider  the  advisability  of  forming  an  Inter-State 
Normal  League.  Kansas,  Illinois,  Missouri  and  Iowa  joined 
in  the  formation  of  such  a  league,  the  Wisconsin  Normal 
Schools  being  admitted  soon  after,  and  the  first  contest  was 
held  at  Warrensburg,  Missouri,  May  8,   1896. 

The  presidents  of  the  local  association  since  that  time 
have  been : 


140  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

1896 — J.  O.  Johnson. 

1 896- 1 897— B.  R.  Brundage. 

1897-1898— W.  E.  Salisbury. 

1898-1899— A.  C.  Fuller. 

1 899- 1 900 — James  Boyle. 

1900  (Fall  term) — Louis  Pelzer. 

1 90 1 — E.  E.  Watson. 

1901-1902 — Albert  Graham. 

1 902- 1 903 — Ella  Hoffman. 

1903- 1904— B.  B.  McGinnis. 

The  successful  contestants  have  been: 

S.  T.  Walker,  Percival  Hunt,  A.  M.  Nichelson,  Maud 
Bozarth,  Bessie  Arnold,  U.  G.  Hayden,  E,  W.  Vogel,  H.  B. 
Morgan  and  Mary  Campbell. 

The  offices  in  the  Inter-State  League  and  the  places  of 
meeting  are  assigned  by  rotation  and  have  been  as  follows : 

Place.  President. 


1 
2 

3 

4 

5 
6 

7 
8 

9 


Warrensburg,  Mo.  Charles  Johnson,  Iowa. 

Emporia,  Kas.  S.  M.  Keyes,  Wisconsin. 

Normal,  111.  Harry  Borgstadt,   Missouri. 

Cedar  Falls,  Iowa.  A.  M.  Thoroman,  Kansas. 

Oshkosh,  Wis.  David  Wells,  Illinois. 

Warrensburg,  Mo.  Mark  Roberts,  Iowa. 

Emporia,  Kas.  Lawrence  W.  Burdick,  Wise 

De  Kalb,  111.  Geo.  W.  Mlorrow,  Missouri. 

Cedar  Falls,  Iowa.  Harry  MeGuire,  Kansas. 


The  contests  have  been  won  by  the  states  as  follows 

1.  Wisconsin.  6.     Wisconsin. 

2.  Iowa.  7.     Illinois. 

3.  Kansas.  8.     Kansas. 

4.  Wisconsin.  9.     Kansas. 
v     Wisconsin. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  141 

In  these  contests  the  Iowa  Normal  School  has  won  the 
following  positions : 

i.     Fourth  place.  6.  Fifth  place. 

2.  First  place.  7.  Fourth  place. 

3.  Fourth  place.  8.  Fifth  place. 

4.  Second  place.  9.  Third  place. 

5.  Fourth  place. 

DEBATING  LEAGUE. 

The  debating  league  was  organized  in  1897  for  the  pur- 
pose of  holding  debating  contests  with  other  schools.  Each 
of  the  three  societies  for  men  is  entitled  to  a  representation 
of  ten  members  in  the  league.  The  following  have  been 
president  of  the  league: 

1 897- 1 898 — A.  Mi.  Nichelson. 

1898-1899— F.  D.  Mbllravy. 

1 899- 1 900 — M.  E.  Logan. 

1 900- 1 90 1— W.  E.  Magee. 

1 901 -1 902— Willis  E.  Lamb. 

1 902- 1 903 — Will  Francis. 

1 903- 1 904 — E.  L.  McConkie. 

Tre  Normal  held  two  intercollegiate  debates  before  the 
league  was  organized,  one  with  Lenox  College  in  1897  and 
one  with  the  Iowa  State  College  in  1894.  In  both  of  these 
contests  the  Normal  School  was  victorious.  Since  the  or- 
ganization of  the  league  seven  more  contests  have  been  held 
with  the  Iowa  State  College  at  Ames.  The  following  is  the 
record  of  the  debates  with  Ames: 

First  debate,  Cedar  Falls,  May  11,  1894.  Decision, 
Ames,   1 ;  Normal,  2. 

Second  debate,  Ames,  Oct.  15,  1897.  Decision,  Normal, 
2;  Ames,  1. 

Third  debate,  Cedar  Falls,  Nov.  4,  1898.  Decision, 
Ames,  o;  Normal,  3. 


142  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Fourth  debate,  Ames,  Oct.  3,  1899.  Decision,  Ames, 
2;  Normal,   1, 

Fifth  debate,  Cedar  Falls,  Oct.  26,  1900.  Decision, 
Ames,  1 ;  Normal,  2. 

Sixth  debate,  Ames,  Nov.  1,  1901.  Decision,  Normal, 
1 ;  Ames,  2. 

Seventh  debate,  Cedar  Falls,  Oct.  21,  1902.  Decision, 
Normal,  o;  Ames,  3. 

Eighth  debate,  Ames,  Nov.  6,  1903.  Decision,  Ames, 
1 ;  Normal,  2. 

This  gives  Normal  five  decisions  and  Ames  three. 

In  the  debates  with  Ames  the  Aristos  have  had  seven 
representatives;  the  Orios,  eight;  the  Philos,  nine. 

The  Ames-Normal  Debating  League  was  organized  in 
1898. 

TRIANGULAR    CONTESTS. 

The  men's  societies  have  held  twenty-nine  triangular  de- 
bates, with  the  following  credits  to  each :  Philos,  83 ;  Aristos, 
90;  Orios,  97. 

The  men's  societies  have  also'  held  two  oratorical  con- 
tests, with  the  following  credits:  Philos,  4;  Aristos,  7; 
Oros,  9, 

THE    YOUN.G    MEN'S    CHRISTIAN    ASSOCIATION. 

Since  the  founding  of  the  State  Normal  School  in  1876 
the  spirit  of  consecrated  Christian  manhood  and  womanhood 
has  made  itself  a  place  in  the  work  of  education  in  Iowa,  for 
through  the  united  efforts  and  prayers  of  the  students  this 
influence  has  been  felt  not  only  in  this  state  but  also  in 
heathen  lands.  This  work  has  been  done  by  the  Association 
sending  out  teachers,  secretaries,  religious  workers,  ministers 
of  the  gospel,  and  missionaries  of  the  Cross. 

In  1886  it  was  deemed  wise  to  establish  a  more  definite 
organization,  the  work  up  to  this  time  being  without  official 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  143 

management,  but  was  not  by  any  means  neglected.  The 
growth  of  the  school  and  the  division  of  interests  led  to  the 
organization  of  special  associations  known  as  the  Young 
Men's  and  Young  Women's  Christian  Associations.  Fos- 
tered, supported,  encouraged  and  assisted  by  the  President 
and  the  Faculty  during  all  these  years,  the  Young  Mien's 
Christian  Association  is  today  a  most  important  factor  in 
the  life  of  all  young  men  in  the  Normal  School. 

The  year  1886  was  the  beginning  of  new  things  and  new 
plans  for  the  Normal  School.  It  was  natural,  therefore,  that 
interest  in  the  religious  work  should  take  the  direction  of 
permanent  organization.  While  it  had  been  decided  to  per- 
fect these  organizations  early  in  the  fall  term  of  that  year,  yet 
postponement  was  made  until  the  state  meeting  of  the  Young 
Men's  Christian  Association,  held  that  year  at  Des  Moines, 
Iowa.  A  Sunday  school  had  been  in  existence  during  the 
first  decade.  This  Sunday  school  appointed  as  delegates  to 
the  State  Convention  George  S.  Dick  and  Susie  E.  Mack,  as 
at  that  time  the  Ladies'  Auxiliary  Qf  the  Young  Men's 
Christian  Association  had  their  state  meeting  with  the  State 
Convention.  At  that  time  it  was  decided  in  Iowa  to  organize 
a  Young  Women's  Christian  Association  in  place  of  the 
Ladies'  Auxiliary.  On  the  return  of  these  delegates  from 
the  State  Convention  both  organizations  were  perfected. 

The  Young  Men's  Christian  Association  came  into'  ex- 
istence December  9,  1886,  with  ten  active  members,  electing 
3S  first  president  George  S.  Dick,  at  that  time  a  member  of 
the  third  year  senior  class,  and  manager  of  the  book-room 
where  text-books  and  supplies  were  sold  to  students. 

The  association  had  broad  development  and  growth, 
showing  a  membership  in  1891  of  105,  in  1893  of  161,  and 
in  1903  of  200.  The  spiritual  life  of  the  association  has  had 
special  seasons  of  quickening,  when  it  has  run  at  high  tide, 
under  the  special  direction  of  such  services  as  were  held  by 


144  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Dr.  F.  N.  Seerley,  S.  M.  Say  ford,  S.  D.  Gordon,  John  Fell- 
ing-ham, Charles  Johnson,  the  secretaries  of  the  state  and 
national  organizations,  the  workers  in  the  student  volunteer 
movement  and  others  who  have  contributed  from  time  to 
time  to  the  strength  and  efficiency  of  the  work  being  accom- 
plished. 

Of  recent  years  the  Lake  Geneva  annual  conference  of 
students  has  been  a  source  of  great  interest  and  lasting  bene- 
fit. Since  1892  delegations  of  from  two  to  seven  men  have 
been  regularly  sent  to  this  conference.  Here  they  have  spent 
ten  days  in  the  atmosphere  of  the  most  active  spiritual  men 
and  have  been  incited  to  greater  and  more  heroic  efforts  for 
the  Master's  kingdom. 

The  meetings  of  the  association  have  been  held  at  vari- 
ous places  since  the  beginning.  They  were  first  held  in  the 
old  reception  room  in  South  Hall,  now  the  office  of  Super- 
intendent J.  E.  Robinson.  They  were  then  held  from  time 
to  time  in  various  rooms  as  convenience  made  it  necessary, 
but  they  were  finally  assigned  to  a  class-room  on  the  second 
floor  in  the  old  building,  which  was  formerly  occupied  by 
Miss  S.  Laura  Ensign,  the  professor  of  history,  but  which  is 
at  present  used  by  the  band  and  orchestra.  In  1903  the 
board  of  trustees  assigned  to  the  association  a  good  and 
convenient  room  in  the  basement  of  the  old  building  and  it 
is  here  that  the  work  is  now  conducted. 

The  association  has  been  fortunate  in  its  executive  of- 
ficers from  the  beginning,  as  the  students  who  have  been 
called  to  this  position  have  had  not  only  the  work  of  the 
president  but  have  also  had  charge  of  everything  pertaining 
to  the  association  such  as  uniformly  belongs  to  the  secretary. 

The  list  of  presidents  from  the  first  is  as  follows: 
1 886- 1 887— Geo.  S.  Dick. 
1 887- 1 888— Geo.  S.  Dick. 
1 888- 1 880— C.  Ray  Aurner. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  145 

1 889-1 890— M.  O.  Roland. 

1890-1891 — C.  Ray  Aurner.  ; 

1 89 1- 1 892 — R.  C.  Adams. 

1892-1893— Thos.  U.  McManus. 

1 893- 1 894 — John  H.  Fellingham. 

1894-1895— L.  H.  Minkel. 

1895-1896 — R.  M.  Wyant. 

1896- 1897— E.  L.  Hollis. 

1 897- 1 898— H.  C.  Cummins. 

1 898- 1 899— W.  B.  Bell. 

1 899- 1 900 — Leslie  I.  Reed. 

1900-1901 — R.  M.  Elstes,  Spring;  F.  H.  Figert,  Fall  and 
Winter. 

1901-1902 — H.  T.  Ports,  Spring;  H.  O.  Kiesau,  Fall  and 
Winter;  M.  S.  Nelson,  Summer. 

1 902- 1 903 — Jay  J.  Jones. 

1 903- 1 904 — Harry  L.  Eells. 

Certain  movements  were  developed  under  different  ad- 
ministrations, the  following  of  which  may  be  mentioned : 

1st,  As  a  means  of  financial  support  the  association  or- 
ganized and  managed  a  well  equipped  bath  room  under  the 
administration  of  President  McManus. 

2nd.  The  hand-book  made  its  appearance  during  the  ad- 
ministration of  President  Fellingham. 

3d.  Cottage  prayer  meetings  were  held  during  the  ad- 
ministration of  President  Minkel. 

4th.  The  committee  on  finance  originated  under  the 
administration   of  President   Wyant. 

5th.  The  personal  workers'  class  began  in  the  adminis- 
tration of  President  Hollis. 

6th.  The  international  fund  began  under  President 
Cummins. 

7th.  A  special  effort  for  missionary  work  was  carried 
on  under  President  Bell. 


146  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL   SCHOOL. 

8th.  Prayer  meetings  were  changed  from  Saturday 
night  to  Wednesday  night  under  President  Reed. 

9th.  The  Y.  M.  C.  A.  rally  originated  under  President 
Figert. 

10th.  The  permanent  headquarters  of  the  association 
were  secured  by  President  Eells,  and  the  advisory  board 
made  up  of  members  of  the  Faculty,  whose  function  is  to  give 
direction  and  co-operation,  was  also  developed  under  the 
same  president. 

The  plan  of  the  organization  consists  in  a  cabinet  made 
up  of  the  chairmen  of  the  several  committees,  including  the 
president.  This  cabinet  meets  regularly  once  a  month.  The 
number  of  committees  has  been  changed  from  time  to  time 
as  the  work  has  broadened  or  as  activity  in  certain  directions 
has  led  to  a  necessity  for  management.  At  present  the  fol- 
lowing committees  exist:  Devotional,  Bible  study,  personal 
work,  mission  study,  social,  membership,  train,  music,  finance, 
and  hand-book. 

The  meetings  that  have  been  held  regularly  since  the 
beginning  of  the  organization  are  in  the  charge  of  the  devo- 
tional committee.  The  Wednesday  evening  meeting  of  late 
years  has  been  the  regular  week-day  meeting,  while  the  Sun- 
day evening  meeting  has  been  the  joint  meeting  with  the 
Young  Women's- Christian  Association.  In  addition  there  are 
occasional  special  services  held  on  Sunday  afternoons  under 
the  direction  of  the  Christian  Associations,  sometimes  led  by 
students  though  frequently  in  charge  of  members  of  the  Fac- 
ulty or  others,  A  series  of  life-work  talks  has  been  given 
once  a  month  during  this  year.  These  are  from  practical 
men  of  different  professions,  in  which  they  state  the  qualifica- 
tions, character,  opportunities  for  success,  problems  in- 
volved, etc.,  of  their  special  calling.  Among  these  there  have 
been  such  subjects  as  "Teaching,"  "The  Ministry,"  "Medi- 
cine," "Law,"  "Physical  Training,"  etc. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  147 

The  Bible  study  work  originated  early  in  the  history  of 
the  association,  classes  being-  organized  within  the  first  year. 
A  good  impetus  was  given  to  this  special  kind  of  study  by 
a  visit  from  Dr.  F.  N.  Seerley,  at  that  time  a  secretary  of  the 
Young  Men's  Christian  Association  at  Davenport,  but  now  a 
member  of  the  faculty  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Training  School 
at  Sprinfigeld,  Mass.  He  spent  two  weeks  with  the  associa- 
tion and  conducted  special  lessons  every  day,  and  gave  much 
direction  and  interest  to  the  new  movement. 

The  purpose  of  the  association  as  stated  by  the  consti- 
tution is  as   follows : 

"The  object  of  this  Association  shall  be  to  unite  all 
students  who  desire  to  strengthen  the  spiritual  life  and  the 
influence  of  the'  school;  to  promote  growth  in  Christian  char- 
acter and  fellowship,  and  aggressive  Christian  work,  espec- 
ially by  and  for  students;  to  train  its  members  for  Christian 
service;  and  to  lead  them  to  devote  their  lives  to  Jesus  Christ 
where  they  can  accomplish  the  most  for  the  extension  of  the 

kingdom  of  God." 

The  present  officers  are  as  follows : 

ADVISORY    BOARD. 

Ira  S.  Condit,  Harry  C.  Cummins, 

C.  P.  Colgrove,  G.  B.  Affleck, 

S.  F.  Hersey. 

Y.    M.    C.    A.    CABINET. 

Executive   Committee. 
President,  H.  L.  Bells. 
Vice  President,  Carl   Knock. 
Treasurer,   Kenneth  Colgrove. 
Corresponding  Secretary,  Geo.  R.  Kramer. 
Recording  Secretary,  W.  A.  Ottilie. 


148  IOWA   STATE   NORMAL   SCHOOL. 

COMMITTEE    CHAIRMEN. 

Devotional,  Ward  Hannah. 
Bible  Study,  John  L,arsen. 
Membership,   Frank   Ford. 
Missionary,  Earl  Hougland. 
Social,  H.  L.  Eddy. 
Music,  Carl  Knock. 
Train,   Kenneth   Colgrove. 
Personal  Work,  Albert  Colgrove. 

YOUNG  WOMEN'S  CHRISTIAN  ASSOCIATION. 

The  Young  Women's  Christian  Association  of  the  Iowa 
State  Normal  School  was  the  direct  result  of  inspiration  re- 
ceived at  the  joint  state  convention  of  the  Y.  M.  and  Y.  W. 
C.  A.  held  at  Des  M'oines  in  the  fall  of  1886.  Upon  return- 
ing from  this  convention,  Miss  Susie  Mack  so  interested  the 
young  women  of  this  school  that  they  organized  an  associa- 
tion with  Miss  Sara  Peters,  now  in  the  Mission  work  at  Wau- 
kin,  China,  as  the  first  president.  There  were  at  that  time 
but  two  departments  of  work,  the  devotional  and  the  mem- 
bership. The  number  of  young  women  in  the  school  did  not 
warrant  separate  meetings,  so1  for  two  years,  until  the  spring 
of  1888,  the  Y.  M.  and  Y.  W.  C.  A.  held  their  meetings  con- 
jointly. 

The  work  earliest  organized  was  that  of  Bible  study. 
This  was  followed  by  the  formation  of  a  Mission  Study  class 
and  Volunteer  band.  With  this  step  a  new  committee  was 
added,  and  the  Missionary  department  became  a  recognized 
part  of  the  work.  Later,  when  the  Dormitory  system  was 
abandoned,  and  the  Normal  School  began  to  spread  her  wings 
over  the  Hill,  a  reception  committee  as  added,  and  the  year 
1893  was  made  memorable  by  the  addition  of  a  correspond- 
ing secretary,  a  treasurer,  a  room  and  a  train  committee  to 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  149 

the  fast  developing  cabinet.  This  year  also'  marks  the  first 
delegation  to<  the  Lake  Geneva  summer  conference,  the  State 
Normal  School  starting  with  the  modest  number  of  two  rep- 
resentatives. 

In  1895  tne  Sunday  School  work  was  taken  up,  and  the 
change  of  time  for  election  of  officers  from  May  to  February 
took  place.  From  this  time  on,  the  new  cabinet  begins  work 
in  March.  In  1896,  Elizabeth  Jones,  the  state  secretary  of  the 
Y.  W.  C.  A.,  made  her  first  visit,  and,  as  a  result  of  her  work, 
the  cabinet  was  further  expanded  by  the  formation  of  a  tem- 
perance commitee.  The  increased  interest  at  that  time  was 
shown  by  the  large  delegation  to  the  convention  at  Iowa  City, 
there  being  twenty-two*  Normal  representatives. 

In  the  spring  of  1898  three  young  women  attended  the 
International  Student  Volunteer  convention  at  Cleveland, 
Ohio,  and  in  the  same  year  the  personal  work  committee  be- 
came a  part  of  the  organization. 

The  first  practical  result  of  the  Mission  Study  Class  was 
shown  this  year  by  the  support  of  Miss  Norman,  secretary  of 
the  Y.  W.  C.  A.  in  India,  in  conjunction  with  the  State  Uni- 
versity and  the  Agricultural  College.  The  budget  of  yearly 
expenses  was  at  this  time  $275.00.  The  work  was  in  fine 
condition,  the  total  enrollment  numbering  almost  four  hun- 
dred and  fifty.  At  this  time  a  change  of  meetings  took  place. 
The  joint  Wednesday  evening  prayer  meetings  were  aban- 
doned, and  the  regular  Y.  W.  C.  A.  prayer  meeting  was 
changed  from  Friday  afternoon  at  three-thirty  o'clock  to 
Wednesday  evening  from  six  to1  seven,  and  Sunday  evening 
trom  six  to  seven  was  given  over  toj  a  joint  devotional  meet- 
ing. 

In  1899  a  new  committee  for  the  distribution  of  tracts 
was  appointed.  The  summer  of  1900  witnessed  the  organiza- 
tion of  an  association  among  the  summer  term  students.  In 
the  fall  of  that  same  year  the  association  took  a  forward  step 


150  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL,. 

by  securing"  a,  general  secretary  to  oversee  the  entire  organiza- 
tion, and  lend  a  helping  hand  to  the  various  officers  and  their 
committeemen.  Miss  Jean  Batty  of  New  York  held  this  posi- 
tion, and  under  her  the  work  of  the  association  became  more 
systematic,  the  Y.  W.  C.  A.  adopted  a  policy,  the  budget  was 
enlarged  to*  $312.50,  besides  the  salary  of  the  secretary,  $475 - 
which  was  raised  by  the  pledge  system  adopted  that  year. 
Under  her  supervision  the  Y.  W.  C.  A.  branched  out  into  new 
lines  of  work.  A  junior  association  was  organized,  the  State 
convention  met  with  us,  a  convention  number  of  the  Normal 
Byte  was  published  by  the  Y.  W.  C.  A.,  a  building  fund  with 
some  $24.00'  for  a  nest  Qgg  was  started. 

In  the  spring  of  1901,  with  the  increased  financial  re- 
sponsibility of  the  association,  a  treasurer  of  the  secretarial 
fund  was  added  to  the  cabinet,  as  was  also  a  music  chairman. 
In  the  fall  of  1901  an  advisory  board  consisting  of  Misses  Call, 
Simmons,  Lambert  and  Mrs.  Colgrove  was  created  for  the 
advice  of  the  general  secretary  and  the  good  of  the  organiza- 
tion. Later,  two  more  members,  Misses  Carpenter  and  Wall- 
bank,  were  added  to  the  hoard.  This  was  a  red-letter  year, 
for  the  Y.  W.  C.  A.  acquired  a  rest-room,  the  room  occu- 
pied by  Miss  Call  as  Latin  recitation  room  being  papered,  car- 
peted and  fitted  up  as  a  parlor.  From  this  time  on  it  became 
the  headquarters  of  the  general  secretary,  and  some  of  the 
association  girls  may  be  found  there  any  time  of  the  day. 

This  year  the  prayer  meeting  outgrew  room  A,  and  this 
service  was  transferred  to  the  Chapel.  During  this  winter 
Miss  Paxson  made  a  week's  visit,  Mr.  S.  D.  Gordon  conduct- 
ed a  series  of  eleven  meetings,  "The  White  Cross  Talks"  for 
girls  were  held. 

The  association,  having  become  a  property  holder,  was 
incorporated  and  its  many  worldly  possessions  were  insured. 

Miss  Batty  resigned  in  March,  1902,  and  in  the  fall  Miss 
Lillian  Chantry,  an  Iowa  City  graduate,  took  her  place.    Under 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL,  SCHOOL.  151 

her  the  work  progressed  and  developed.  Systematic  giving 
was  instituted,  a  recognition  service  for  new  members  became 
a  term  event,  various  social  functions  added  to  the  pleasure 
and  profit  of  all.  The  cabinet  increased  to  fourteen,  and  great 
stress  was  laid  upon  personal  work  and  the  individual  life.  Miss 
Chantry  served  one  year,  and  upon  her  resignation  a  new  plan 
was  adopted,  Miss  Elizabeth  Kaye,  1902,  being  elected  as 
student  secretary,  the  plan  being  to  devote  half  time  to  the 
work  of  the  association  and  the  other  time  to  school  duties. 

Today,  as  in  years  gone  by,  there  is  a  great  untouched 
field  which  by  Christian  living,  personal  work  and  enthusiasm 
for  God's  cause,  the  present  association  hopes  to  win,  and  by 
this  help  the  Y.  W.  C.  A.  of  the  Iowa  State  Normal  School 
shall  be  a  mighty  power  for  good. 

PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  Y.    W.    C.   A. 

1 886- 1 887— Sarah  Peters. 

1 887- 1 888 — Jennie  Hughey. 

1 888- 1889 — 

1889-189O' — Luella  V.  Simmons1. 

1 890- 1 89 1 — Ida  Shaw. 

189 1- 1892 — •Elizabeth  Wyant. 

1 892- 1 893  — Mae  Loonan. 

1 893- 1 894— Vinnie  Miarsh. 

1 894- 1895 — Addie  Fellingham. 

1895-1896 — Minnie  Edwards. 

1 896- 1 897 — Emma  Lambert. 

1 897- 1 898 — Matilda  Byers. 

1 898- 1 899 — Libbie  Anderson,  Martha  Hutchison. 

1 899- 1 900 — Faith  Stuntz. 

1 900- 1 90 1 — Ella  Danskin. 

1 901 -1 902 — Effa  Reed. 

1 902- 1 903  — Helen  Davison,  Minna  Merriam. 

1 903- 1 904 — Edna  Thatcher. 

ELIZABETH  KAYE. 


152  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

BIBLE  STUDY  DEPARTMENT  OF  Y.  M.  AND  Y.  W. 

C.  A. 

Systematic  Bible  study  in  the  Normal  School  dates  al- 
most from  the  beginning  of  the  Christian  Associations.  In 
January,  1887,  Miss  Sarah  Peters,  '88,  at  present  a  missionary 
in  China,  and  Miss  Emma  Ridley,  '88,  now  Mrs.  C.  P.  Col- 
grove,  Cedar  Falls,  were  sent  by  the  Young  Women's  Chris- 
tian Association,  as  delegates  to  the  state  convention  at  Fair- 
field. Immediately  upon  their  return,  acting  in  the  inspira- 
tion of  the  convention,  Miss  Peters  consulted  with  President 
Seerley  about  the  advisability  of  forming  a  class  for  the  sys- 
tematic study  of  the  Bible,  and  asked  him  to  take  the  leader- 
ship of  such  a  class.  He  consented,  and  on  the  Saturday  fol- 
lowing the  convention  he  met  in  his  office  a  small  band  of  stu- 
dents and  inaugurated  a  work  which  has  grown  and  gained 
strength  with  the  passing  years,  and  has  had  a  powerful  influ- 
ence for  good  upon  the  life  of  the  school. 

In  these  early  days,  as  now,  the  Bible  was  studied  di- 
rectly. Outlines  published  by  the  international  committee 
of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  supplemented  by  outlines  prepared  by  the 
leader,  formed  the  basis  for  the  study.  Two  of  the  outline 
books  used  were,  "Outlines  of  Bible  Study  for  the  Bible 
Teaming  Class,"  and  "Leaves  From  a  Worker's  Note  Book." 
Class  divisions  were  made  as  the  interest  increased  and  the 
present  plan  of  organization  was  gradually  developed. 

The  growth  of  the  school  and  the  consequent  increase  of 
official  duties  made  it  necessary  for  President  Seerley  to  give 
up  the  leadership  of  the  classes  at  the  end  of  the  winter  term 
of  1 887- 1 888.  Miss  Peters  took  charge  of  the  work  for  the  rest 
of  the  year  and  carried  it  to  a  successful  conclusion. 

In  the  early  part  of  1888,  Prof.  Albert  Loughridge  had 
become  a  member  of  the  Faculty,  coming  to  the  school  directly 
from  his  service  as  missionary  in  India.  At  the  beginning  of 
the  fall  term  of  that  year  the  committee  in  charge  of  the  Bible 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL.  SCHOOL.  153 

study  classes  asked  Prof.  Loughridge  to  assume  the  duty  of 
outlining  the  courses  of  study  and  directing  the  leaders  of  the 
classes  in  presenting  the  same.  He  consented  and  entered 
upon  a  work  lasting  for  ten  years,  at  the  end  of  which  period 
he  resigned  his  position  in  the  Normal  School  to  become  presi- 
dent of  Bishop  College,  Marshall,  Texas,  These  ten  years 
were  years  of  wonderful  power  and  growth.  The  small  pio- 
neer band  which  met  in  the  president's  office  increased  in  num- 
bers until  we  find  in  the  winter  term  of  1897- 1898  an  enroll- 
ment of  722,  the  high-water  mark  in  point  of  membership. 
The  total  enrollment  in  the  school  for  that  year  was  1,321. 

For  the  first  year  Prof.  Loughridge  dictated  his  work 
and  the  leaders  and  members  of  classes  took  notes.  In  the  fall 
of  1889  it  was  thought  best  to  put  the  outlines  directly  into  the 
hands  of  the  students,  so  a  hektograph  was  secured.  Miss 
Ridley,  with  Miss  Ella  Buckingham,  '88,  now  Mrs.  Chassell, 
Eldora,  county  superintendent  of  Hardin  county,  both  being 
instructors  in  the  school  at  the  time  of  which  we  speak,  printed 
and  prepared  for  distribution  each  week's  outlines.  At  a  later 
date  a  large  mimeograph  was  secured  and  a  student  employed 
to  print  the  outlines.  This  served  until  September,  1898, 
when  the  offer  of  the  Normal  Byte  to  publish  the  lessons  in  its 
columns  and  furnish  additional  leaflets  at  a  certain  rate,  was 
accepted.     This  arrangement  still  continues. 

In  the  fall  of  1898  Prof.  C.  P.  Colgrove  was  invited  to 
assume  the  leadership  of  the  classes  and  conducted  the  work 
for  three  years  with  marked  success.  He  was  followed,  at 
the  beginning  of  I90i-'o2,  by  Prof.  Ira  S.  Condit,  who  is 
still  in  charge. 

The  plan  of  study  has  varied  at  different  stages  of  the 
class  history.  In  the  earlier  years  the  treatment  was  topical, 
devoted  to  the  great  men  and  great  truths  of  the  Bible.  Of 
late  the  tendency  has  been  toward  a  more  intensive  study  of 
great  periods  of  the  sacred  history.     Prof.  Colgrove,  in  his 


154  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  8CHOOL. 

second  year,  gave  the  whole  time  to  a  study  of  the  Life  of 
Christ,  and  followed  with  the  Life  of  Paul  in  the  next  year. 
The  present  leader  has  followed  the  same  plan  and  is  now  in 
the  third  year  of  a  course  which  gives  one  year  to  Old  Testa- 
ment History,  one  to  the  Life  of  Christ  and  one  to  Apostolic 
History.  It  is  the  plan  of  the  committee  to  repeat  this  cycle 
of  study.  One  unique  feature  of  the  work  is  the  preparation 
of  outlines  adapted  to  the  peculiar  needs  of  this  student  body. 
The  committees  in  charge  have  felt  that  better  results  were 
gained  by  this  plan  than  could  be  expected  from  any  of  the 
regular  courses  laid  down  by  the  international  committee. 

As  at  present  organized  the  Bible  Study  Department  is  in 
charge  of  a  joint  committee  from  the  Y.  M.  and  Y.  W.  C.  A. 
This  committee  attends  to  all  the  details  of  the  work,  such  as 
organizing  classes  and  appointing  leaders,  securing  speakers 
for  the  rallies  held  at  the  opening  of  each  term,  and  the  finan- 
cial concerns.  A  member  of  the  school  faculty,  chosen  by  the 
committee,  prepares  the  outlines  for  the  lessons  and  meets  the 
student  leaders  on  Saturday  mornings  for  an  hour's  study  of 
the  lesson  which  they  are  to  present  to  their  classes  on  the 
following  morning.  These  classes  meet  in  the  various  board- 
ing halls  at  about  eight  o'clock  each  Sabbath  morning  during 
the  school  year.  At  the  present  time,  winter  term  of  icj03-'04, 
there  are  fifty  classes,  with  a  total  enrollment  of  519.  Ex- 
penses are  met  by  free-will  offerings  taken  in  the  classes  each 
term.  IRA  S.  CONDIT. 

THE  ATHLETIC  ASSOCIATION. 

From  the  beginning  of  the  Normal  School  there  was 
some  interest  in  some  kind  of  athletic  sports,  but  the  first  sys- 
tematic attention  that  was  given  to-  a  student  organization  oc- 
curred March  15,  1892,  when  about  forty  of  the  young  men 
met  and  adopted  a  constitution  and  by-laws  and  declared 
themselves  the  I.  S.  N.  S.  Athletic  Association.     The  election 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  155 

of  officers  resulted  in  the  choice  of  R.  C.  Adams,  president; 
Daniel  Rhodes,  vice-president;  Rodney  M:  Arey,  secretary; 
Walter  Guthridge,.  treasurer;  Francis  Larkin  and  W.  W.  Wil- 
son, marshals.  A  field  meet  was  held  that  same  year  and  a*be- 
g inning  was  made  in  track  work. 

The  presidents  of  the  association  since  that  time  are  as 
follows : 

1892-1893 — L.  H.  Andrews. 

1893-1894— S.  C.  Smith. 

1 894- 1 895 — G.  W.  Randlett  and  Charles  Johnson. 

1 895- 1 896 — Joseph    y.  Johnson. 

1 896- 1 897 — N.  J.  I'tmbert  and  P.  E.  McClenahan. 

1 897- 1 898 — James  A.  Mortland. 

1 898- 1 899— W.  G.  Detwiler. 

1 899- 1 900 — Arthur  C.  Wyant. 

1 900-1 901 — Edward  Vogel. 

1 901 -1 902 — Charles  S.  Stoakes. 

1 902- 1 903— J.  G.  Jones. 

1 903- 1 904— J.  N.  Streff. 

Tennis  was  recognized  as  an  important  game  early  in 
the  history  of  the  association.  Contests  were  held  to  deter- 
mine superiority.  Thomas,  Thompson,  Magee,  Arey,  Mc- 
Duffie,  Seerley,  Christie,  Joy,  Hoats,  Shearer  and  others  were 
recognized  as  attaining  excellence  and  were  sent  to  the  inter- 
-college  tournament  to  enter  for  state  records.  Since  the  first 
decade  the  game  has.  become  less  competitive  ancj  many  more 
students  have  taken  part  in  it  for  the  pleasure  it  gave  them. 

Base  ball  has  been  a  school  game  since  the  opening  of  the 
institution  in  1876.  A  team  for  competitive  games  with  other 
schools  has  been  maintained  since  the  organization  of  the 
association  and  the  best  college  teams  in  the  state  have  been 
met  upon  the  diamond  and  a  reasonable  record  has  been  the 
result  for  the  several  years  of  the  school.  In  1901  there  was 
developed  a  team  that  won  second  place  in  the  state. 


156  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL   SCHOOL. 

Foot  ball  began  in  1894,  with  H.  O.  Williams  as  cap- 
tain. In  1895  more  interest  developed  through  the  enthusi- 
asm and  interest  of  J.  C.  Sanders,  a  specially  creditable  team 
being  the  result.  In  1897  a  coach  was  secured  by  the  asso- 
ciation and  a  winning  team  was  the  result.  The  first  three 
years  of  foot  ball  gave  a  record  of  eleven  games  won  and 
seven  lost,  a  result  that  developed  much  school  spirit. 

In  1901  the  board  of  trustees  established  a  department  of 
physical  training  and  called  G.  B.  Affleck,  a  graduate  of  the 
University  of  Manitoba,  and  also  of  the  International  Y.  M. 
C.  A.  Training  School  at  Springfield,  Mass.,  to  be  physical 
director.  With  the  coming  of  Mr.  Affleck  athletics  became 
a  part  of  the  work  of  physical  training,  and  with  the  suspen- 
sion of  the  miltary  department,  physical  training  became 
a  required  part  of  the  course  of  study  for  both  men  and  wom- 
en. Hence,  foot  ball,  basket  ball,  tennis,  hockey,  base  ball 
and  track  work  became  regularly  recognized  parts  of  the 
course  of  study  in  physical  training  and  every  student  takes 
some  instruction  in  the  particular  kind  that  is  elected.  The 
teams  for  competitive  games  are  still  maintained,  but  ath- 
letics is  today  on  a  different  basis  than  previously,  as  it  is 
not  now  maintained  alone  for  the  purpose  of  competition  with 
other  schools  but  as  a  proper  training  for  the  discipline  and 
development  of  men  and  women.  With  the  opening  of  the 
new  gymnasium  in  the  fall  of  1904,  and  with  the  use  of  the 
superior  play  grounds  already  provided,  the  department  of 
physical  training  will  be  one  of  the  best  equipped  and  man- 
aged in  the  whole  country.  Its  course,  system  and  plan  of 
work  will  be  superior  to  those  of  most  higher  institutions 
of  learning,  while  the  opportunity  to<  be  trained  for  the  voca- 
tion of  physical  director  will  be  exceptional  in  its  privileges 
and  scientific  development. 

The  track  work  of  the  association  began  in  1892  and 
has  been  regularly  continued  since  that  time,  closing  with  an 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 


157 


annual  field  meet.  This  kind  of  athletics  has  assumed  special 
importance  since  the  advent  of  Chas.  A.  Pell  as  assistant  phy- 
sical director,  since  he  is  a  specialist  as  a  trainer  and  instructor 
in  this  kind  of  athletics  and  has  succeeded  in  developing  some 
excellent  candidates  for  honorable  and  superior  attainment. 
In  the  early  history  of  track  work  J.  C.  Prall  and  George  Wil- 
son made  notable  records  in  ioo-yard  dash  and  in  bicycle 
races,  but  with  the  advent  of  the  department  of  physical  train- 
ing a  new  system  was  inaugurated  and  the  following  are  now 
recognized  as  the  official  school  records: 


EVENT 

WON    BY 

YEAR 

RECORD 

100  yard  dash 

Pole  vault 

16  lb.  shot 

220  yard  dash ; 

F.  Hamilton 

1903 
1903 
1903 
1903 
1902 
1903 
1903 
1902 
1902 
1903 
1903 
1903 
1903 
1903 
1902 

10£  sec. 

J.  C.  Jones 

J.  Dunkerton 

F.  Hamilton 

9  ft.  10$  in. 
35  ft.  10  in. 
23f  sec. 

Half  mile  run 

D.  Campbell . 

2  min.  6i  sec. 

Broad  jump 

J.  C.  Jones 

20  ft    H  in. 

16  lb.  hammer 

T.  E.  Jones 

107  ft 

120  yard  hurdle 

High  jump 

440  yard  dash 

Discus  throw   

220  yard  hurdle 

J.  E.  Carman 

L.  G.  Able 

W.   Panton 

James  Ehret 

T.  E.  Jones 

D.  Campbell 

J.  T.  Colgrove.. 

Second  Years 

19  sec 
5  ft   5  in. 
52f  sec. 
96  ft.  Si  in. 
28  sec. 

Mile  run 

2  mile  run 

4  min.  55  sec. 
13  min.  20£  sec. 

Class  relay 

1  min.  42  sec. 

The  management  of  the  competitive  games  is  under  the 
control  of  an  athletic  board  consisting  of  a  committee  of  the 
Faculty  and  the  managers  of  the  teams  and  the  president  and 
treasurer  of  the  athletic  association.  The  faculty  committee 
consists  of  five  members,  and  is  at  present :  L.  W.  Parish,  G. 
W.  Walters,  J.  B.  Knoepfler,  Ira  S.  Condit,  H.  C.  Cummins, 
and  C.  A.  Pell. 


158  IOWA  STATE   NORMAL   SCHOOL. 

VOCAL  DEPARTMENT. 

CECILIAN   CLUB. 

In  the  fall  of  1888,  soon  after  taking  charge  of  the  de- 
partment of  music  in  the  Normal  School,  Miss  Julia  Curtiss 
organized  a  glee  club  of  sixteen  young  ladies,  and  under  her 
careful  training  this  organization,  which  took  the  name  of 
the  Cecilian  Club,  soon  became  popular.  It  has  existed  under 
the  same  name  since  that  time,  and  is,  therefore,  the  oldest  per- 
manent musical  organization  in  the  school.  The  selections 
studied  have  always  been  a  high  grade  of  music.  The  interest 
has  increased  and  the  work  developed. 

THE  I.  S.  N.  S.  GLEE  CLUB.     (MINNESINGERS.) 

The  first  society  of  male  voices  organized  at  the  Normal 
was  during  the  year  1888  and  1889,  and  was  known  as  the  I.  S. 
N.  S.  Glee  Club.  It  began  with  a  charter  membership  of  fif- 
teen, whose  names  it  may  be  of  interest  to  note.  They  were : 
L.  B.  Moffett,  J.  A.  Kleinsorge,  F.  C.  Sage,  C.  Ray  Aurner, 
Chas.  J.  Griffin,  W.  L.  Hearst,  C.  E.  Hearst,  M.  O.  Roland, 
J.  I.  Martin,  Harry  Moore,  C.  A.  Fullerton,  P.  G.  Fullerton, 
N.  A.  Fullerton,  Robert  Fullerton. 

This  society  is  still  in  existence,  being  known  at  present 
as  Minnesingers,  and  has  a  membership  of  twenty. 

EuTERPEans. 

The  second  vocal  club  for  young  ladies  was  organized  by 
Miss  Julia.  Curtiss  in  the  year  1895- 1896,  under  the  name  of 
the  Euterpeans. 

THE  CHORAL  SOCIETY. 

Under  the  management  of  Miss  Julia  Curtiss  and  Mr. 
Robert  Fullerton,  the  Choral  Society  was  organized  in  the  year 


IOWA   STATE   NORMAL   SCHOOL.  159 

1895-1896,  with  a  membership  of  about  sixty.  Under  the  effi- 
cient leadership  of  Mr.  Fullerton  the  society  made  rapid 
progress,  their  work  in  the  spring  of  1897  being  worthy  of  spe- 
cial commendation. 

In  the  fall  of  1897,  C.  A.  Fullerton  became  leader.  The 
membership  has  increased  to  160  and  the  work  for  the  past 
year  has  been  both  successful  and  profitable. 

THE  TROUBADOURS. 

In  1 896- 1 897  the  second  male  chorus  was  organized, 
and  is  known  as  the  Troubadours.  The  society  is  auxiliary 
to  the  Minnesingers  and  has  a  present  membership  of  thirty. 
The  gentlemen's  societies  are  under  the  skillful  leadership  of 
Prof.  C.  A.  Fullerton  and  constitute  a  very  proficient  and  inter- 
esting part  of  the  musical  department  of  the  I.  S.  N.  S. 

YOUNG   MEN'S   GLEE   CLUB. 

The  third  organization  for  male  voices  was  the  Young 
Men's  Glee  Club,  organized  in  the  fall  of  1897  by  Mr.  C.  A. 
Fullerton.  The  average  membership  is  twenty,  and  the  club 
is  devoted  principally  to  ensemble  work. 

YOUNG  LADIES'  GLEE  CLUB. 

The  third  vocal  organization  for  young  ladies  is  the 
Young  Ladies'  Glee  Club,  organized  by  Robert  Fullerton  in  the 
fall  of  1 90 1. 

ORCHESTRAL  DEPARTMENT. 

This  department  consists  of  a  band,  an  orchestra  and 
a  mandolin  club. 

THE  BAND. 

In  the  spring  of  1892  J.  L.  McLaughlin  and  L.  A.  Wes- 
cott  conceived  the  idea  of  organizing  a  band.     They  borrowed 


160  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

some  old  instruments,  purchased  two  others  and  the  band  was 
organized  in  May.  Aj  part  of  the  players  were :  Joe  Vance, 
Tuba;  O.  M'.  Harvey,  Baritone;  Wesley  Bley,  Alto;  Addi- 
son Miller,  Snare  Drum ;  R.  ML  Arey,  Bass  Drum ;  J.  L.  Mc- 
Laughlin, Solo  B  flat  Cornet;  A.  L.  Wescott,  E  flat  Cornet; 
J.  P.  Huggett,  Alto  or  Tenor. 

The  band  made  its  first  appearance  on  Memorial  Day, 
1892,  when  it  headed  the  cadet  corps  which  led  the  procession 
to  the  cemetery.  The  band  labored  under  unfavorable  condi- 
tions for  two<  years,  during  which  time  it  forced  itself  upon 
the  attention  of  the  public  and  the  Faculty  to  such  an  extent 
that  in  the  fall  of  1894  a  contribution  from  students,  Faculty 
and  business  men  in  the  city  was  made  for  the  purpose  of  se- 
curing a  number  of  new  instruments.  The  amount  subscribed 
plus  $200  appropriated  by  the  board  of  directors,  was  suffi- 
cient to  purchase  a  set  of  sixteen  instruments,  most  of  which 
are  in  use  at  the  present  time. 

In  the  organization  of  the  first  band  no  one  is  to  be  given 
more  credit  than  its  first  leader,  Mr.  J.  E.  Vance,  who  spent 
a  great  deal  of  time  and  energy  with  the  organization  and 
made  possible  its  present  attainment. 

The  leaders  since  its  organization  in  1892  were  J.  E. 
Vance,  F.  E,  Gibbon,  J.  C.  Sanders;  in  1896,  Professor  F.  A. 
Fitzgerald  was  secured  as  instructor.  The  chief  musicians 
from  1896  to  1903  were  J.  E.  Vance,  C.  L.  Love,  Geo.  F. 
Eckhard  and  Floyd  Wiler. 

THE  ORCHESTRA. 

The  orchestra  was  organized  in  the  fall  of  1896  by  Prof. 
F.  A.  Fitzgerald,  with  a  membership  of  six. 

THE  MANDOLIN  CLUB. 

The  organization  of  the  Mandolin  Club  is  also  accredited 
to  Mr.  Fitzgerald.  It  began  in  1896  with  a  membership  of 
five. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  161 

THE  NEWMAN  CATHOLIC  ASSOCIATION. 

For  more  than  fifteen  years  the  Catholic  students  of  the 
Iowa  State  Normal  School  maintained  an  organization  known 
by  the  name  of  "The  Newman  Club."  This  club  met  regularly 
during  term  time  in  the  city  and  conducted  a  Bible  study  work 
and  kept  united  the  religious  and  social  interests  of  the  Cath- 
olic students.  In  September,  1903,  at  the  opening  of  the 
school  year,  the  plan  of  the  Newman  Club  was  changed,  and 
a  more  permanent  and  more  complete  organization  was  per- 
fected, a  new  constitution  and  by-laws  was  adopted,  and  of- 
ficers were  elected  as  follows  for  the  fall  term:  Amelia  Mc- 
Donnell, president;  John  Donohue,  vice-president;  ML  M.  Ries, 
chairman  of  executive  committee ;  Magdelene  Feyereisen,  secre- 
tary. The  title  of  the  society  as  adopted  became  "The  New- 
man Catholic  Association  of  the  Iowa  State  Normal  School." 
The  work  is  carried  on  by  the  executive  committee,  the  chair- 
man of  that  committee  being  the  leader  of  the  union  meetings 
held  at  the  association  room  in  the  Normal  School  building, 
Sunday  afternoons,  at  3  130  o'clock,  during  term  time.  There 
are  also  division  meetings  held  three  times  a  week :  Wednes- 
days and  Fridays,  3:00  to  5:00  P.  M.,  and  Saturdays,  11  :oo 
to  12  :oo  A.  M.,  at  which  preparatory  work  is  undertaken  for 
the  weekly  Sunday  meeting  for  Bible  study  and  conference. 

The  association  has  an  active  membership  of  sixty  and  is 
regularly  incorporated.  The  Bible  study  work  is  materially 
aided  by  the  library  of  the  association,  consisting  of  over  three 
hundred  select  volumes,  and  of  twenty  weekly,  monthly  and 
quarterly  periodicals  specially  chosen  and  obtained  for  this 
purpose.  Another  distinctive  feature  of  the  association's 
work  is  the  propaganda  of  temperance  as  inaugurated  by  Mrs. 
Lake  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  who;  visited  the  school  and  addressed 
the  association  November  12,  1903.  Fifty  new  members  of 
the  association  have  signed  the  total  abstinence  pledge  since 
January  1,  1904. 


162  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

The  board  of  trustees  of  the  Normal  School  has  provided 
temporary  accommodations  for  the  library,  reading  room  and 
special  meetings  of  the  association,  and  as  soon  as  better  ar- 
rangements can  be  made  a  permanent  room  will  be  assigned, 
when  it  will  be  furnished  and  equipped  by  the  association  for 
the  proper  care  of  the  work  to  be  regularly  maintained  and 
developed.  The  officers  for  the  winter  term  are :  J.  X.  Streff, 
president;  E.  J.  Feuling,  vice-president;  Amelia  McDonnell, 
chairman  executive  committee;  Laura  Cajacob,  secretary. 

amelia  McDonnell. 


The  Address  Given  at  the  Bartlett  Anniver- 
sary, in  Honor  of  the  Fifty  Years 
of  Service  to  Education 


(163) 


EDUCATIONAL   RECORD   OF    MOSES    WILLARD 

.     BARTLETT 


CONTRIBUTED  BY 
PROFESSOR  MOSES  WILLARD  BARTLETT 


Born  at  Bath,  New  Hampshire,  February  26,  1834; 
graduated  A.  B.  Dartmouth  College,  1857;  received  Honorary 
A.  M.,  Iowa  College,  1869. 

Taught  in  Massachusetts  and  New  York,  1854-6. 

Professor  of  Latin  and  Greek,  Western  College,  Western 
Iowa,   1857-67.     (Now  at  Toledo,  Iowa.) 

Acting  president  Western  College,  1865-67. 

Professor  of  Latin  and  Greek,  Denmark  Academy,  Den- 
mark, Iowa,   1867-73. 

Principal  of  Memphis  Academy,  Memphis,  Mo.,  1873-6. 

Professor  of  Mathematics,  Iowa  State  Normal  School, 
1876-81. 

Professor  of  English  Language  and  Literature,  Iowa 
State  Normal  School,   1 881- 1904. 

Assistant  Principal,  Iowa  State  Normal  School,  1880- 
1888. 

President,  Iowa  State  Teachers'  Association,  1886. 


(164) 


PROGRAM  OF  EXERCISES. 

IOIOO  o' CLOCK  A.  M. 

Music. 

Hymn,  Selected. 
Prayer — Professor  F.  C.  Eastman. 
Music. 

Piano  Solo,  "March  Grotesque".  ...... Sinding 

Josephine  Forrest. 
Address. 

Fifty  Years  of  Education  in  America  and   Its  Results. 
Thomas    McClelland,    D.    D.,    President    of    Knox 
College,  Galesburg,  Illinois. 
Music. 

Hymn,  Selected. 
Benediction — Professor  D.  S.  Wright. 

2  :oo  o'clock  p.  m. 
Music. 

"Deck  We   Our  Pathway" .................  .Schumann 

The  Cecilians;  Mr.  Robert  Fullerton,  Director. 
Introductory  Remarks. 

Homer  H.  Seerley,  President  of  the  Day. 
Address. 

"The  Founding  of  the  Iowa  State  Normal  School" 

Hon.  Harmon  C.  Hemenway,  Mayor  of  Cedar  Falls, 
and  First  President  of  the  Board  of  Trustees. 
Address. 

"The  Early  Days  of  the  Normal  School" 

Professor  D.  Sands  Wright,  Member  of  the  First 

Faculty. 

(165) 


166  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Address. 

"The  Normal  School  and  the  State" 

Hon.  Edward  D.  Chassell,  Le  Mars,   Iowa,  Member 
of  the  30th   General   Assembly   of   Iowa,   and 
Graduate  of  Class  1882. 
Music. 

Priest's    March,    from    "Athalia" Mendelssohn 

The  Orchestra;  Mr.   B.   W.   Merrill,  Director. 
Address. 

"The  School  Masters  of  Fifty  Years  Ago." 

Hon.  Henry  Sabin,  Des  Moines,  Iowa,  President  of 
Board  of  Trustees  1888-92,   1894-98. 
Response — Professor  Moses  Willard  Bartlett. 
Music. 

Selected— The  Choir;  Mr.  C.  A.  Fullerton,  Director. 
Closing  Prayer. 

Professor  W.  W.  Gist. 

Faculty     Committee     on     Program — Professor     D.     S. 
Wright,  Professor  A.  C.  Page,  Professor  J.  B.  Knoepfler. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL   SCHOOL.  167 


FIFTY  YEARS  OF  EDUCATION  IN  AMERICA  AND 

ITS  RESULTS. 

By  Thomas  McClelland,  Galesburg,  Illinois. 

I  deem  it  a  distinguished  honor,  as  it  is  certainly  a  de- 
lightful privilege,  to  be  present,  by  invitation  of  President 
Seerley,  to'  take  part  in  this  celebration,  so  happily  conceived 
in  honor  of  the  man  who  is  the  center  of  our  thought  today, 
it  would  be  altogether  in  accord  with  my  feelings  to  pause, 
before  entering  upon  the  discussion  of  the  theme  assigned  me, 
tc  express  my  sense  of  personal  obligation  to  Prof.  Bartlett 
as  teacher  and  friend.  I  should  be  glad  to  bear  public  testi- 
mony to  my  regard  for  him  as  a  thorough  and  inspiring 
teacher  as  well  as  a  loyal  and  constant  friend,  a  regard  which 
the  years  since  he  so<  patiently  and  kindly  led  me  through  the 
mazes  of  my  preparatory  work  in  Greek  and  Latin  have  only 
served  to  heighten.  The  influence,  all  unconscious  on  his 
part,  which  his  fine  personality  exerted  on  the  students  of 
my  day  in  Denmark  Acdemy,  I  am  sure  he  has  never  appre- 
ciated as  we  have  done  who  have  received  the  benefit  of  his 
training  and  the  inspiration  of  his  life.  But  the  program 
summons  me  to-  another  task  for  the  present. 

The  fifty  years  covered  by  the  work  of  him  whom  we 
honor  today  mark  an  era  of  progress  in  many  respects  unparal- 
leled in  history.  If  Macauley  could  say  in  his  time  that  more 
advancement  had  been  reached  in  all  that  makes  for  the  better- 
ment of  humanity,  in  the  three  centuries  since  Francis  Bacon, 
than  in  all  the  twenty  centuries  since  Aristotle,  we  may  venture 
to  say  today  that  the  past  half  century  shows  more  real  ad- 
vancement in  the  interests  of  mankind  than  all  the  intervening 
vears  since  Lord  Bacon. 


168  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

When  Prof.  Bartlett  began  his  work  as  a  teacher  in  1854, 
Garrison  and  Phillips  were  pleading  the  cause  of  the  slave, 
and  on  that  account,  even  in  Boston,  were  subjected  to  mob 
violence;  the  name  of  Abraham  Lincoln  was  scarcely  known 
outside  the  limits  of  his  own  state;  and  the  rumblings  of  the 
storm,  which  was  to  break  in  '6i,  only  to  spend  its  force  after 
four  terrible  years  of  civil  war  had  freed  us  as  a  nation  from 
the  curse  of  slavery  and  ushered  in  the  present  era  of  material 
progress  and  general  enlightenment,  were  just  beginning  to 
be  heard. 

It  would  be  interesting  to  refer  in  passing  somewhat  in 
detail  to<  our  remarkable  advancement  since  the  close  of  the 
rebellion,  in  material  prosperity,  in  mechanical  invention,  in 
business  organization  and  in  the  application,  on  a  scale  hith- 
erto unknown,  of  the  principles  of  political  equality,  but  the 
theme  holds  me  to>  a  more  specific  and  no  less  interesting  field. 

Long  before  this  period  the  principles  which  underlie 
our  educational  progress  had  been  clearly  enunciated  and  even 
the  machinery  for  their  application  had  been  in  a  measure 
designed.  It  has  been  the  work  of  this  period  to  apply  these 
principles  and  to  construct  and  set  in  motion  the  machinery 
for  the  development  of  an  educational  system  which  should 
meet  the  conditions  o<f  this  new  country  in  its  singular  and 
unequalled  development. 

How  successfully  this  has  been  accomplished  may  be  better 
appreciated  if  we  compare  the  educational  conditions  existing 
fifty  years  ago  with  those  which  are  universal  today.  Strictly 
speaking,  west  of  the  Hudson  river  there  can  scarcely  be  said 
to  have  been  a  public  school  system.  The  idea  of  public  edu- 
cation developed  slowly.  For  fifty  years  it  had  been  unfold- 
ing in  the  Empire  State.  The  coming  of  Horace  Mann,  in 
1842,  greatly  facilitated  the  movement  and  a  fresh  impulse 
was  added  by  Emerson  and  other  advocates  of  popular  educa- 
tion from  Massachusetts.     Through  these  influences  different 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  169 

agencies  were  established  which  tended  to  promote  general 
intelligence  and  to  prepare  the  people  for  a  system  of  public 
education  which  should  displace  the  unorganized,  haphazard 
attempts  at  popular  education  then  in  vogue,  by  a  general 
free  school  system.  Much  advancement  was  made  during  the 
decade  from  1840  to'  1850.  A  normal  school  was  founded  at 
Albany  in  1844;  district  libraries  were  improved  and  multi- 
plied; teachers'  institutes  were  formed;  and  thus  the  fabric 
of  education  was  modified  and  extended.  But  the  system,  un- 
familiar to  the  people,  was  still  looked  upon  with  suspicion. 
Provision  for  carrying  it  out  was  grudgingly  made.  School 
houses  were  rude  and  in  many  counties  the  school  rate  con- 
tinued to  be  exacted.  Parents  refused  to  send  their  children 
to  free  schools  where  they  would  be  looked  down  upon  as  char- 
ity students.  The  acceptance  of  the  principle  of  free  educa- 
tion was  delayed  for  years.  A  motion  to  provide  by  general 
taxation  for  the  education  of  the  whole  community  in  1845 
was  voted  down,  and  for  another  twenty  years  charity  schools 
were  maintained.  It  is  significant  of  the  status  of  education 
generally  at  this  time  that  Horace  Mann  could  say,  under 
these  circumstances,  "The  great  state  of  New  York  by  means 
of  her  county  superintendents,  her  normal  school  and  other- 
wise, is  carrying  forward  the  work  of  public  education  more 
rapidly  than  any  other  state  in  this  or  any  other  country  in 
the  world."  It  was  not  until  the  experiences  of  the  Civil  War 
had  led  men  to  appreciate  more  fully  their  own  interests  that 
a  system  of  free  schools  was  extended  over  the  state.  The 
first  free  school  act  was  passed  in  1848,  through  the  influ- 
ence of  Clinton,  Dix,  Seward,  Gray  and  an  array  of  accom- 
plished citizens.  "But  still,"  we  are  told,  "it  was  clogged  by 
rate  bills  and  assessments  and  it  was  not  until  185 1  that  the 
principle  that  the  state  must  educate  all  its  children  was  passed 
by  a  popular  vote.     This  principle  was,  however,  held  merely 


170  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

as  a  theory  until  1862,  when  the  state  again  declared  for  free 
education  and  put  its  decision  into  operation." 

Perhaps  there  is  no<  better  indication  of  the  popular  inter- 
est in  education  than  the  dollar  mark.  Making  all  due  allow- 
ance for  the  difference  in  general  wage  rate,  a  brief  com- 
parison of  the  salaries  of  fifty  years  ago  and  now  is  interest- 
ing and  suggestive.  Taking  Connecticut  as  a  representative 
example  of  the  highest  educational  standards  of  the  day.  we 
find  that  the  average  monthly  compensation  of  teachers  in 
winter,  exclusive  of  board,  was  for  males,  $18.50;  for  females, 
$8.20.  In  summer,  for  males,  $22;  for  females,  $7.50.  In 
some  other  eastern  and  middle  states  the  wages  averaged  not 
higher  than  $12  a  month  for  males  and  considerably  less  for 
females.  The  remark  of  a  prominent  clergyman  in  Illinois 
may  not  be  inapplicable  here.  Discussing  the  question  of  sal- 
aries he  said  that  in  his  younger  days  he  had  himself  taught 
school  in  a  Pennsylvania  district  for  $10  a  month,  and  fol- 
lowed the  statement  by  a  side  remark,  "'Twixt  you  and  me, 
'twas  all  the  teaching  was  woth." 

The  Civil  War,  which  bred  within  us  a  desire  for  large 
enterprises,  marks  not  only  the  beginning  of  our  great  ma- 
terial and  political  progress,  but  it  may  also  be  taken  as  the 
starting  point  of  our  remarkable  educational  advancement. 
The  tide  of  migration,  moving  constantly  westward,  which  has 
pushed  the  center  of  population  within  a  hundred  years  from 
a  line  running  north  and  south  through  Baltimore,  to  a  line 
running  through  the  eastern  borders  of  Illinois,  carried  into 
the  west  multitudes  of  the  most  industrious,  intelligent  and 
enterprising  citizens  of  the  older  east.  They  came  primarily 
to  develop  the  boundless  resources  of  this  western  country. 
Their  success  in  this  direction  need  not  be  recited  here.  It 
is  the  world's  wonder.  But  they  came  also  possessed  of  the 
conviction  that  a  state  based  on  material  prosperity  alone  had 
no  sure  foundation,  and  so  liberal  provision  has  been  made  for 
religious  and  intellectual  training. 


IOWA  STATE   NORMAL   SCHOOL.  171 

With  a  hig-h  sense  of  the  importance  of  an  intelligent 
citizenship,  the  great  commonwealths  of  the  west,  aided  by 
the  munificent  land  grants  of  the  federal  government,  have 
provided  without  stint,  for  public  education.  Unhampered  by 
traditions  they  have  been  free  to  avail  themselves  of  the  best 
that  offered  itself  in  the  way  of  educational  advancement.  If  at 
times  they  have  been  too  ready  to  adopt  principles  and  methods 
whose  chief  claim  was  their  newness,  and  have  now  and  then 
found  themselves  working  mere  "fads,"  they  have  neverthe- 
less developed  a  system  of  education,  of  the  common  and 
higher  grades,  of  which  the  nation  may  well  be  proud. 

Private  education,  beginning  with  the  earliest  settlement 
of  the  country,  had  advanced  further  and  reached  a  higher 
standard,  but  the  history  o<f  our  educational  progress,  of  what- 
ever form,  presents  an  illustration  of  the  fact  that  every  great 
and  permanent  thing  is  small  and  humble  in  its  beginnings. 
I  may  quote  a  record  of  a  time — and  that  not  so  long  before 
the  beginning  of  our  period  —  "when  the  pride  of  Dartmouth 
was  a  single,  large,  wooden  building,  such  as  we  may  suppose 
to  have  been  erected  as  barracks  for  soldiers,  150.  feet  long 
and  50  feet  wide.  English  grammar  and  arithmetic  were  text- 
books in  the  sophomore  year.  Princeton  college  was  a  huge 
stone  edifice,  its  faculty  consisting  of  a  president,  vice  presi- 
dent, one  professor,  two  masters  of  language  and  710  students. 
Harvard  had  four  brick  buildings;  the  faculty  consisted  of  a 
president  and  six  professors,  and  in  its  halls  thronged  130  to 
160  students.  Yale  boasted  of  one  brick  building,  and  a 
chapel  "with  a  steeple  125  feet  high."  The  faculty  was  a  pres^- 
ident,  a  professor  of  divinity  and  three  tutors.  The  greatest 
Episcopal  college  in  the  United  States  was  William  and 
Mary's.  It  had  been  under  royal  and  state  patronage,  and 
was,  therefore,  more  substantially  favored  than  most  of  our 
American  schools.  A  curious  old  state  report  described  the  col- 
lege as  a  building  of  three  stories  "like  a  brick-kiln."     It  had 


172  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

30  gentlemen  students,  who  lodged  in  dormitories,  "ate  at  the 
commons,"  and  were  satisfied  with  what  we  would  call  prison 
diet.  Breakfast,  a  small  can  of  coffee,  a  biscuit  and  about  an 
ounce  of  butter.  Dinner,  one  pound  of  meat,  two  potatoes 
and  some  vegetables.  Supper,  bread  and  milk.  The  only  un- 
limited supply  furnished  was  cider,  which  was  passed  in  a  can 
from  mouth  to  mouth.  The  days  were  spoken  of  as  boil  days ; 
roast  days;  stew  days,  etc. 

The  following  facts  and  figures  are  significant  as  showing 
the  progress  of  education  during  the  period  we  are  consider- 
ing as  compared  with  its  former  history.  Fifty  years  ago 
when  Harvard  was  217  years  old,  Yale  154  years  old,  Dart- 
mouth, 86  years  old  and  Williams,  62  years  old,  aside  from  a 
limited  number  of  "professionals,"  as  they  were  termed,  in 
other  schools  more  or  less  intimately  connected  with  some  of 
these  institutions,  their  students  numbered  respectively  365, 
473,  258  and  224.  In  1850  there  were  in  all  six  colleges  in 
Massachusetts  a  total  of  85  teachers  and  1,043  students,  with 
a  united  income  of  $121,929.  Today  Harvard  alone  has  4,265 
students  and  an  income  of  over  two  millions. 

But  statistics  after  all,  while  furnishing  a  tangible  basis 
for  comparison,  deal  only  with  the  ^'tent.  The  comparison 
which  covers  the  intent  will  interest  and  profit  us  more.  This 
touches  the  life  and  methods  of  the  schools. 

The  Class  as  a  Social  Unit. 

If  it  is  true,  as  is  often  asserted,  that  the  student  gains 
more  from  his  fellow-students  through  the  intimate  acquaint- 
ance he  gets  with  men  of  different  types  who  have  come  to 
college  out  of  a  variety  of  conditions,  than  he  gets  from  his 
professors  or  his  books,  it  follows  that  anything  which  radi- 
cally modifies  the  relations  which  students  bear  to  each  other 
must  have  a  marked  effect  upon  the  development  of  student 
Iffe.     Until  quite  recent  years  the  class  formed  the  social  unit 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  173, 

in  college  life.  There  is  evidence  of  its  dominancy  in  the  cus- 
toms and  ceremonials  which  gathered  about  it.  The  very  humor 
which  characterized  them  lent  to  undergraduate  life  a  charm 
and  individuality  all  its  own.  It  came  into  play  in  the  relation- 
ship between  classes  and  especially  in  prohibitions  put  upon 
freshmen,  ostensibly  for  their  edification  and  improvement. 
Each  institution  had  its  own  methods  for  keeping  the  under- 
classmen in  their  proper  places.  But  customs  of  this  sort  were 
only  incident  to  the  more  earnest  life  of  the  college,  in  which 
these  class  fellowships  were  wont  to  deepen  and  develop  into 
friendship  as  lasting  as  life. 

It  cannot  help  being  a  matter  of  regret  to  college  men 
who  have  known  the  advantage  and  the  joys  of  such  class  re- 
lationships, that  the  elective  system  is  gradually  doing 
away  with  the  college  class  as  many  of  us  knew  it.  How  can 
it  be  otherwise,  when  it  can  be  said  that  at  Harvard  two 
students  may  enter  from  the  same  school  and  by  the  same  ex- 
amination and  never  meet  again  in  academic  work  during  their 

course. 

Athletics. 

Much  has  been  written  pro  and  con  in  regard  to  the  subject 
of  athletics  and  no  discussion  of  the  progress  and  results  of 
education  can  properly  proceed  without  a  reference  to  this  im- 
portant question. 

In  their  various  forms  athletic  sports  are  a  marked  char- 
acteristic of  the  past  fifty  years.  The  formative  period  in 
American  student  athletics  was  from  1840  to  1870,  but  it  was 
some  time  after  the  athletic  wave  struck  the  college  before  the 
typical  athletic  t  games,  boating,  football,  baseball  and  track 
athletics  emerged  from  a  number  of  competing  games  such  as 
handball  and  cricket.  I  am  not  to  be  considered  as  a  special 
advocate  of  college  and  school  athletics  as  at  present  carried 
en,  but  I  do  not  hesitate  to  say  that  with  all  the  evils  and 
dangers  attending  these  sports  today,  they  are  preferable  to 


174  IOWA  STATE   NORMAL   SCHOOL. 

the  state  of  affairs  which  existed  in  the  olden  times,  when  neg- 
lect of  the  body  on  the  part  of  the  student  was  seemingly 
scored  to  his  credit.  The  vigorous  exercise,  which  it  must  be 
admitted  is  excessive  in  some  of  its  phases,  has  this  redeeming 
feature,  over  and  above  any  bodily  advantages  gained,  that, 
furnishing  a  natural  vent  for  the  surplus  physical  energy,  it 
.saves  us  very  much  of  the  rowdyism  and  immorality  which 
characterized  the  college  life  of  former  days.  Primarily  the 
college  has  to  do<  with  the  soul.  But  in  order  to  gain  the  best 
results  in  this  direction  the  body  must  receive  its  due  propor- 
tion of  education.  The  student  ought  to  be  a  better  man  intel- 
lectually and  morally  because  he  is  a  good  man  physically.  If 
the  ancients  erred  on  the  side  of  a  too  excessive  worship  of 
physical  strength  and  beauty,  we  have  erred  on  the  other  side. 
The  revival  of  interest  in  athletic  sports  which  is  sometimes 
denominated  a  "craze,"  is  but  an  assertion  of  nature's  spirit  of 
fairness.  It  needs  to  be  restrained  and  guided  rather  than 
suppressed.  Athletics,  the  systematic  cultivation  of  the  bodily 
organism,  henceforth  is  an  adjunct  of  every  symmetrical  col- 
lege curriculum.  In  teaching  our  young  men  to  emulate  in 
their  speech  the  graces  and  effectiveness  of  Demosthenes  let 
us  not  discourage  them,  in  their  strivings  after  the  manly 
beauty  and  strength  of  Apollo. 

Change  in  Methods  of  Discipline. 

Another  thing  which  has  strongly  affected  the  student 
life  in  all  our  institutions  of  higher  learning,  is  the  radical 
change  which  has  taken  place  in  the  methods  of  discipline. 
The  result  has  been  on  the  whole  decidedly  good.  Under  the 
old  regime  the  faculty  was  not  only  entitled  "but  expected  to 
exercise  a  parental  supervision  over  the  student.  A  system 
of  espionage  was  conducted,  which  resulted,  "in  making  the 
professors  and  tutors  not  only  instructors,  but  policemen  and 
night-watchmen  as  well,  who  were  in  duty  bound  to  capture 


IOWA   STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  175 

and  punish  all  rebels  against  the  severe  discipline  of  the  times." 
One  writer  testifies  that  no  small  proportion  of  the  breaches 
of  the  peace  had  for  their  sole  object  the  drawing  out  of  this 
somewhat  grotesque  posse,  wMse  maneuvers  around  a  bon- 
fire were  wont  to  elicit  shouts  oi  laughter  and  applause  by 
the  authors  whom  they  strove  in  v?in  to  discover. 

Under  this  system  the  students  came  to  look  upon  the 
faculty  as  their  natural  enemies.  Hazing  in  its  most  offen- 
sive forms  flourished.  Riots  and  open  rebellions  were  fre- 
quent. Something  may  be  due  to'  the  fact  urged  in  palliation, 
"that  the  nat;3nal  manners  of  half  a  century  ago1  were  essen- 
tially those  ot  a  frontier  people,  rude,  boisterous  and  overas- 
sertive."  But  it  i°,  hard  to  believe  that  the  students  of  that 
day  were  any  less  generous  or  ready  to  appreciate  liberal  and 
fair  treatment  than  those  of  the  present.  Instances  of  their 
ready  and  glad  response  to  such  treatment  are  not  wanting. 
The  system  itself  is  accountable  in  large  measure  for  the  set- 
tled hostility  which  for  years  existed  between  faculty  and 
students.  It  is  related,  that  at  Harvard  frequent  outbreaks 
occurred  involving  large  destruction  of  property  and  ev.  - 
peril  of  life,  as,  for  example,  the  blowing  up  of  public  build- 
ings with  inhabited  rooms  every  year.  Undergraduates  of 
Yale  celebrated  Christmas  by  smashing  the  windows  of  college 
buildings  and  barring  doors  so>  fast  that  the  professors  were 
compelled  to'  smash  them  with  axes,  and  incidentally  painting 
the  president's  house  red,  white  and  blue.  In  the  southern 
states,  there  were  frequent  expulsions  for  such  offenses  as 
overturning  stoves,  breaking  windows,  thieving,  drunkenness 
and  personal  attacks  on  the  faculty.  Not  infrequently  in  the 
institutions  both  north  and  south  rebellions  occurred  which 
seriously  interrupted  the  work  of  the  institution  for  weeks. 
The  records  show  that  the  effect  of  one  of  these  at  Harvard 
was  not  overcome  for  seven  years.  It  occurred  simply  because 
the  faculty  decided  on  public  examinations,  a  measure  which 


176  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

the  students  contended  had  not  been  published  before  they  en- 
tered the  institution  at  the  beginning  of  the  year. 

We  have  reason  to  congratulate  ourselves  on  the  result 
of  the  present  system  viewed  in  the  light  of  past  history.  It  is 
too  much  to  expect,  that  under  any  system  of  college  disci- 
pline, student  life  will  be  entirely  free  from  irregularities  and 
sporadic  cases  of  disorder  deserving  condemnation;  but  it  is 
great  gain  that  these  are  today  the  exceptions,  while  the  rule 
ie,  that  good  order  and  loyalty  prevail.  The  result  of  placing 
the  student,  in  a  more  generous  degree,  upon  his  honor  and 
making  him  responsible,  as  a  gentleman,  for  his  good  behavior, 
has  resulted  in  establishing  a  relation  of  confidence  and  close 
sympathy  between  faculty  and  students,  a  gain,  the  value  of 
which  is  hard  to  over-estimate, 

The  Elective  System. 

About  1870  the  elective  system  began  its  struggle  for 
recognition  in  the  educational  work  of  this  country.  It  was 
consistently  and  persistently  opposed  by  the  friends  of  the  old 
prescribed  courses  as  an  innovation  which  would  do  away  with 
the  very  idea  of  liberal  education  for  which  the  college  had  so 
long  stood,  but  the  times  were  ripe  for  change  and  gradually 
the  new  order  prevailed,  until  it  has  to  a  considerable  extent 
revolutionized  the  work  of  higher  education  and  has  found 
its  way  even  into1  many  high  schools  and  other  secondary  insti- 
tutions. In  its  origin  and  development  it  may  be  said  to  be, 
with  little  error,  synchronous  and  coextensive  with  the  great 
university  movement  which  began  nearly  forty  years  ago. 
The  same  impulses  which  started  and  compelled  the  one  made 
the  other  necessary.  With  the  progress  of  specialization  the 
professor's  chair  perforce  took  the  place  of  what  in  the  former 
times,  as  some  one  has  facetiously  remarked,  "was  not  a  chair 
but  a  settee."  With  the  larger  choice  of  courses,  additional 
teaching  force  and   larger  equipment  was  demanded.     For- 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL   SCHOOL.  177 

tunately  the  demand  produced  such  a  display  of  liberality  both 
public  and  private  as  has  been  commensurate  with  the  need, 
hence  the  great  university  movement  which  has  no  parallel  in 
history.  All  this  was  inevitable.  The  clearer  light  of  this 
period  has  vastly  enlarged  our  horizon;  new  conditions  and 
new  problems  have  constantly  confronted  us.  The  steady  ad- 
vancement in  all  the  departments  of  human  knowledge  called 
for  this  enlargement  of  the  scope  of  education.  And  the  end 
is  not  yet.  Millionaires  seem  to  be  vying  with  each  other  in 
their  haste  to1  develop  the  old  institutions  and  to  plant  and  en- 
dow the  new. 

With  colossal  fortunes  apparently  pledged  to  meet  the 
ever-expanding  needs  of  our  great  private  schools,  "with  our 
great  universities  gradually  shaking  themselves  free  from  the 
restraints  of  poverty  imposed  by  parsimony  and  political  jeal- 
ousies, and  rapidly  growing  in  breadth  and  strength,"  who 
can  enlarge  his  conception  sufficiently  to  take  in  the  magnifi- 
cent promise  of  our  educational  future?  And  yet,  though 
recognizing,  as  every  one  must,  the  transcendent  importance 
of  these  great  institutions,  state  and  private,  they  have  their 
limitations  and  dangers.  We  may  gladly  place  ourselves  on 
record  as  devoutly  thankful  for  this  wonderful  development 
of  the  university  side  of  our  education.  But  speaking  in  this 
great  school  of  the  prophets, — I  use  the  term  in  its  primary 
sense — it  will  not  be  out  of  place,  if  I  raise  a  warning  note 
which  may  serve  to  guard  against  laying  disproportionate 
stress  upon  quantity  to  the  neglect  of  quality.  Extent  and  in- 
tent are  different  things,  and  the  latter  in  this  case  may  easily 
follow  the  law  of  formal  logic,  and  its  increase  be  inversely  as 
that  of  the  former.  Congratulate  ourselves  as  we  may,  on  the 
progress  of  the  half  century  which  has  resulted  in  our  present 
educational  system,  we  cannot  help  the  feeling  that  some  of 
the  principles  and  practices  of  the  old  education  which  are 
falling  into  disuse,  might  still  be  cherished  with  profit  by  the 


J» 


178  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 


new.  Some  of  the  old  boys  and  girls  find  the  joy  with  which 
they  contemplate  the  splendid  educat'onal  structures  which  the 
past  forty  years  have  reared,  tinged  with  regret,  because  some 
things  which  helped  to  make  the  old  education  glorious,  in  its 
way,  have  dropped  from  sight. 

And  now  it  appears  that  the  little  "red  school-house," 
dear  to  the  memory  of  many,  and  which  we  fondly  believe  has 
played  an  important  part  in  the  history  of  American  education, 
is  soon  also  "to  be  a  thing  of  the  past."  "The  district  school" 
is  doomed.  It  is  to  be  merged,  so  the  edict  runs,  in  the  con- 
solidated school,  composed  of  any  number  of  school  districts 
from  two  to  ten,  which  will  gather  in  the  pupils  from  an  area 
of  from  eight  to  forty  square  miles.  The  school-house  instead 
of  being  set  at  the  country  cross-roads  is  to  stand  in  the  town 
on  a  pretty  three  and  one-half  acre  tract,  with  walks  and  drives 
traversing  it,  and  dividing  it  into  playgrounds  for  the  different 
grades  and  sexes.  The  building  is  to  be  equipped  very  much 
as  a  city  school  is  equipped  and  to  contain  many  appliances 
that  will  be  little  short  of  curiosities  to  the  average  country 
pupil.  Moreover,  in  the  consolidated  school  each  course  will 
be  forwarded  with  the  precision  of  clock-work. 

This  is  all  very  fine.  It  is  in  keeping  with  the  spirit  of 
centralization  and  consolidation  so  prevalent  today.  Doubt- 
less it  will  work  for  good,  but  in  the  transition  some  things 
of  value  are  in  danger  of  being  lost.  I  must  confess  to  a  sort 
of  fellow-feeling  with  the  editor  who  writes,  "While  the  mod- 
ern methods  and  up^to-date  equipments  undoubtedly  afford  a 
means  of  broader  education,  it  is  to  be  questioned  whether 
some  of  the  essentials  are  not  sacrificed  in  discarding  the 
smaller  schools  with  their  less  improved  methods."  Then, 
too,  his  remarks  about  the  thorough  work  done  in  the  country 
school — in  the  elementary  branches — call  up  memories  of  some 
of  our  own  teachers  in  "district  school  days",  who*  touched 
our  individuality,  and  inspired  us  to  do  some  things  for  our- 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  179 

selves,  by  heroic  and  persistent  effort,  which  the  modern 
methods  will  perhaps  do  for  us. 

The  resultant  will  no  doubt  be  good,  even  though  some 
of  the  forces  may  seem  to  be  working  in  the  wrong  direction. 
And  yet  all  inj  all  it  reminds  us  of  a  tale  out  of  Drumtoehty. 
And  a  vision  of  the  "auld  schule"  and  "Domsie"  rises  before 
us.  The  irony  of  his  connection  with  the  new  order  has  just 
come  over  Drumsheugh  and  he  is  saying: 

"Think  o'  you  and  me,  Hillocks,  veestin'  the  schule  and 
stain'  wi'  bukes  in  oor  hands  watchin'  the  Inspector.  Keep's 
a',  it's  eneuch  to  mak'  the  auld  Dominie  turn  in  his  grave. 
T'wa  meenisters  cam'  in  his  time,  and  Domsie  put  Geordie  Hoo 
or  some  ither  gleg  laddie,  that  was  makin'  for  college,  thro' 
his  facin's,  and  maybe  some  bit  lassie  brocht  her  copybuke. 
Man,  a've  often  thocht  it  was  the  prospeek  o'  the  Schule  Board 
and  its  weary  bit  rules  that  feenished  Domsie.  He  wasna  may- 
be sae  shairp  at  the  elements  as  this  pirjinct  body  we  hae  noo, 
but  a'body  kent  he  was  a  terrible  scholar  and  a  credit  tae  the 
parish.  Drumtoehty  was  a  name  in  thae  days  wi'  the  lads 
he  sent  tae  college.  It  was  maybe  juist  as  well  he  slippit  awa' 
when  he  did,  for  he  wud  hae  taen  ill  with  thae  new  fikes,  and 
nae  college  lad  to  warm  his  hert." 

The  present  school-house  stands  in  an  open  place  beside 
the  main  road  to>  Muirtown,  treeless  and  comfortless,  built  of 
red,  staring  stone,  with  a  playground  for  the  boys  and  another 
for  the  girls,  and  a  trim,  snug-looking  teacher's  house,  all  very 
neat  and  symmetrical,  and  well  regulated.  The  local  paper 
had  a  paragraph  headed  "Drumtoehty/'  written  by  the  Muir- 
town architect,  describing  the  whole  premises  in  technical  lan- 
guage that  seemed  to  compensate  the  ratepayers  for  the  cost, 
mentioning  the  contractor's  name,  and  concluding  that  "this 
handsome  building  of  the  Scoto-Grecian  style  was  one  of  the 
finest  works  that  had  ever  come  from  the  accomplished  archi- 
tect's hands.     It  has  pitch-pine  benches  and  map^cases,  and  a 


180  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL   SCHOOL. 

thermometer  to  .be  kept  at  not  less  than  58  degrees  and  not 
more  than  62  degrees,  and  ventilators  which  the  Inspector  is 
careful  to<  examine.  When  I  stumbled  in  last  week  the  teacher 
was  drilling  the  children  in  Tonic  Sol-fa  with  a  little  har- 
monium, and  I  left  on  tiptoe. 

It  is  difficult  to  live  up  to  this  kind  of  thing,  and  my 
thoughts  drift  to  the  auld  schule-house  and  Domsie.  Some 
one  with  the  love  of  God  in  his  heart  had  built  it  long  ago, 
and  chose  a  site  for  the  bairns  in  the  sweet  pine  woods  at  the 
foot  of  the  cart  road  to  Whinnie  Knowe  and  the  upland  farms. 
The  clearing  was  the  playground,  and  in  summer  the  bairns 
annexed  as  much  wood  as  they  liked,  playing  tig  among  the 
trees,  or  sitting  down  at  dinner-time  on  the  soft,  dry  spines 
that  made  an  elastic  carpet  everywhere.  Domsie  used  to  say 
there  were  two  pleasant  sights  for  his  old  eyes  every  day.  One 
was  to  stand  in  the  open  at  dinner-time  and  see  the  flitting 
forms  of  the  healthy,  rosy,  sonsie  bairns  in  the  wood,  and 
from  the  door  in  the  afternoon  to  watch  the  schule  skail  till 
each  group  was  lost  in  the  kindly  shadow,  and  the  merry 
shouts  died  away  in  this  quiet  place.  Then  the  Dominie  took 
a  pinch  of  snufT  and  locked  the  door,  and  went  to  his  house 
beside  the  school.  One  evening  I  came  on  him  listening  bare- 
headed to'  the  voices,  and  he  showed  so  kindly  that  I  shall 
take  him  as  he  stands.  A  man  of  middle  height,  but  stooping 
below  it,  with  sandy  hair  turning  to*  gray,  and  bushy  eye-brow 
covering  keen,  shrewd  gray  eyes.  You  will  notice  that  his 
linen  is  coarse  but  spotless,  and  that,  though  his  clothes  are 
worn  almost  threadbare,  they  are  well  brushed  and  orderly. 
But  you  will  be  chiefly  arrested  by  the  Dominie's  coat,  for 
the  like  of  it  was  not  in  the  parish.  It  was  a  black  dress  coat, 
and  no  man  knew  when  it  had  begun  its  history;  in  its  origin 
and  its  continuance  it  resembled  Melchisedek.  Many  were 
the  myths  that  gathered  round  that  coat,  but  on  this  all  were 
agreed,  that  without  it  we  could  not  have  realized  the  Dom- 
inie, and  it  became  to  us  the  sign  and  trappings  of  learning. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  181 

Perhaps  one  ought  to  have  been  ashamed  of  that  school- 
house,  but  yet  it  had  its  own  distinction,  for  scholars  were 
born  there,  and  now  and  then  to  this  day  some  famous  man 
will  come  and  stand  in  the  deserted  playground  for  a  space." 

This  is  suggestive  of  some  things  in  the  old  education 
that  we  cannot  afford  to  lose  sight  of  in  the  new.  It  may 
have  lacked  "material,"  but  it  made  much  of  the  humanities 
and  there  was  much  that  was  human  in  it..  It  stood  for  disci- 
pline and  character.  Children  of  Briton,  we  came  honestly 
by  the  college  idea  of  the  past. 

The  English  university  system  which  served  as  a  model 
for  our  fathers,  "consisted  of  the  exact  and  exhaustive  mas- 
tery of  certain  limited  sections  of  knowledge  and  thought, 
gymnastic  for  all  other  spheres  and  toils."  The  comment 
upon  this  who  will  gainsay :  "Whatever  may  be  our  criticism 
of  the  process  we  may  not  deny  its  singular  effect.  In  its  best 
estate  it  forged  many  a  trenchant  blade.  To  the  man  who 
asks  for  its  monument  it  can  well  point  to  British  thought, 
law,  statesmanship,  Bacon  and  Burke,  Coke  and  Eldon,  Hooker 
and  Buller,  Pitt  and  Canning,  that  make  answer.  The  whole 
massive  literature  of  England  shall  respond." 

If  we  need  to  justify  our  own  past  it  is  only  necessary 
to  refer  to  its  products — out  of  Dartmouth  came  Webster,  and 
Choate,  and  Chase,  and  your  own  Bartlett,  and  a  long  line  of 
distinguished  statesmen,  and  scholars,  and  men  of  affairs,  who 
have  given  character  and  lustre  to  our  history.  Dr.  Henry 
Hopkins  of  Williams  has  called  attention  to  the  fact  that  the 
chiefest  glory  of  Harvard,  Yale  and  Princeton  are  reflected 
in  the  names  of  the  men  who  graduated  in  the  distinctively 
college  era,  and  that  the  older  institutions  will  have  a  heavy 
task  on  hand  if  they  are  to  equal  their  early  record. 

This  admonishes  us  as  teachers,  that  we  must  never  lose 
sight  of  the  essential  aim  of  that  education  which  has  been 
so  fruitful  in  the  past,  whatever  may]  be  the  form  of  the  ma- 
chinery with  which  we  are  working  toward  it. 


182  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

The  student  of  today  should  be  fully  awake  to  the  wider 
range  of  interests  which  modern  life  presents;  he  should  take 
every  advantage  of  the  superior  methods  and  the  enlarged 
facilities  offered;  but  he  must  not  fail  to  see  that  the  end 
sought  is  the  same  now  as  always — the  making  of  true  and 
efficient  manhood.  On  this  point  Bishop  Spalding  uttered 
a  pertinent  word,  when,  in  speaking  before  a  large  body  >f 
public  school  teachers  in  Massachusetts  recently,  he  said, 
"The  public  schools  exist  not  to  turn  out  products  but  to  set 
up  processes.' ' 

This  applies  with  equal  force  to  all  schools  that  stand 
for  education,  as  distinguished  from  professional  or  techni- 
cal training. 

I  have  no  disposition  to  join  in  the  indiscriminate  cry 
against  what  has  been  termed  the  new  education,  rather 
would  I  glory  in  it;  but  there  are  some  fundamental  princi- 
ples with  which  it  must  not  interfere.  Without  sacrificing 
the  unity  of  aim  and  plan  which  enters  into  the  true  educa- 
tional spirit  there  will  be  ample  liberty  for  meeting  the  re- 
quirements of  the  broader  conditions  which  the  new  discov- 
eries and  the  expanding  thought  of  coming  years  may  im- 
pose. 


THE  FOUNDING  OF  THE  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL 

SCHOOL. 

By  Herman  C.  Hemenway. 

It  has  seemed  proper  in  preparing  the  paper  upon  the 
subject  assigned  to  me  in  the  program  of  today's  exercises, 
that  I  give  a  little  at  length  but  still  in  outline  the  history  of 
the  legislative  proceedings  by  authority  of  which  this  normal 
school  was  established,  and  the  situation  as  it  was  found  by 
the  directors  at  the  time  of  the  opening  up  of  the  school,  ex- 
tending the  recital  to  that  time  when  apparently  the  school 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  183 

was  permanently  established,  beyond  question,  as  an  institu- 
tion of  the  state  to  be  supported  bv  appropriations  to  be  made 
by  the  legislature.  The  period  embraced  in  this  history  is 
from  1874  to  the  year  1882. 

In  this  state  prior  to  the  establishment  of  the  Iowa 
State  Normal  School,  but  little  consideration  had  been  given 
tc  the  matter  of  the  proper  education  of  teachers.  Certain 
desultory  attempts  were  made  in  that  direction,  just  sufficient 
to  show  that  a  few  among  educators  and  legislators  regarded 
this  as  a  matter  0$  some  importance.  There  is  a  record  that 
many  years  since  a  school  with  a  normal  department  was 
maintained  at  a  village  in  Lee  county  and  several  of  the 
earlier  colleges  had  instructors  in  normal  methods, 

In  the  Code  of  185 1  is  a  chapter  establishing  three  nor- 
mal schools,  one  at  Andrew  in  Jackson  county,  one  at  Mt. 
Pleasant  and  one  at  Oskaloosa.  The  munificent  sum  of  Five 
Hundred  Dollars  per  annum  was  allowed  for  the  support  of 
each  of  these  schools.  Of  course,  they  were  not  maintained, 
and  dropped  out.  The  normal  departments  of  other  schools 
and  colleges  languished  or  were  discontinued. 

The  teachers  of  all  the  schools  of  higher  education  and 
the  superintendents  of  city  schools,  almost  without  exception, 
and  most  of  the  county  superintendents  were  favorable  to  the 
establishment  and  permanent  maintenance  of  a  school  for 
teachers,  but  never  had  been  sufficiently  impressed  with  its 
importance  to>  take  any  resolute  steps  for  that  purpose.  How- 
ever, the ,  teachers'  institute  idea  grew  and  it  is  safe  to  say 
that  before  the  year  1874  there  was  a  more  general  feeling 
than  ever  before  that  efficient  teachers  required  special  op- 
portunities for  instruction  and  training.  This  feeling  was  no 
doubt  strongest  with  those  teachers  who  had  in  other  states 
seen  the  great  advantage  enjoyed  by  the  specially  educated 
teacher,  or  from  their  own  experience  realized  the  want  of 
thorough  and   scientific  preparation   for  their   work.     Thus, 


184  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

at  that  time  there  was  some  foundation  of  opinion  that  the 
education  of  the  teacher  required  more  attention  at  the  hands 
of  the  state. 

It  is  true  that  the  mass  of  the  people  and  a  large  pro- 
portion of  the  legislature  had  no  conception  whatever  of  the 
scope  and  office  of  such  a  school  or  of  its  importance  as  an 
educational  factor.  The  people  in  general  were  fairly  well 
educated  to  the  idea  of  maintaining  the  common  school,  but 
had  no  idea  that  the  efficiency  of  the  free  schools  of  the  state 
could  or  should  be  increased.  The  mass  of  the  people  ap- 
parently had  no  care  or  understanding  as  to  that.  A  few, 
no  doubt,  had  better  comprehension. 

It  was  not  a  live  practical  question  with  any  class,  all 
were  passive.  The  press  was  largely  indifferent  and  no  doubt 
reflected  very  faithfully  the  prevalent  feeling.  There  had  been 
some  suggestions  of  action  in  the  legislature,  but  such  propo- 
sitions in  general  were  committed  to  the  committees  on  schools, 
which  in  those  days  did  not  exercise  controlling  influence  in 
legislation. 

The  Fifteenth  General  Assembly  which  convened  in  Jan- 
uary of  the  year  named,  had  to  consider  the  problem  of  man- 
agement of  three  Soldiers'  Orphans'  Homes  which  were  lo- 
cated at  Cedar  Falls,  Davenport  and  Glen  wood.  Of  these 
the  Home  at  Cedar  Falls  was  the  most  important  and  had  the 
better  buildings.  An  unsuccessful  attempt  was  made  to  con- 
solidate these  Homes  at  Cedar  Falls  and  Davenport. 

Black  Hawk  county  was  represented  by  Captain  E.  G. 
Miller  in  the  senate  and  C.  B.  Campbell  and  R.  P.  Spear  in 
the  house.  All  were  men  of  educational  experience  and  all 
knew  the  necessity  of  better  advantages  for  teachers.  Local 
interest  were  involved  in  the  question  of  the  disposition  of 
these  Homes  by  consolidation  or  otherwise. 

Seeing  an  opportunity,  these  members  introduced  bills 
for  the  establishment  of  a  school  at  Cedar  Falls  and  consoli- 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  185 

cation  of  the  Homes  at  Glenwood  and  Davenport.  The  house 
bill  was  referred  to  the  committee  on  Normal  Schools  which 
had  been  organized  for  the  emergency,  and  although  Captain 
Spear  was  a  member  of  the  committee,  the  bill  never  emerged 
therefrom  and  he  was  evidently  unable  to  secure  a  favorable 
report.  Captain  Miller  was  more  successful.  He  secured 
the  attention  of  the  committee  but  his  bill  was  not  passed.  It 
was  a  little  skirmish  in  the  senate,  in  the  house  scarcely  so 
much. 

From  the  fact  that  so  large  a  number  of  the  senate  held 
over,  the  attempt  to  establish  the  school  had  some  headway 
in  the  session  of  the  Sixteenth  General  Assembly.  In  the  house 
only  eleven  members  were  re-elected  and  the  question  was 
almost  entirely  new.  Captain  Miller  was  in  the  senate  and  H. 
P.  Homer  and  H.  C.  Hemenway  in  the  house  from  Black 
Hawk  county. 

A  bill  was  introduced  by  Captain  Miller  at  an  early  day 
in  the  session.  This  was  similar  to  his  bill  of  two  years  be- 
fore. Later  a  bill  differing  in  form  was  introduced  in  the 
house.  Subsequently  this  bill  was  substituted  for  the  original 
bill  and  passed  both  houses,  being  amended  only  as  to  the 
amount  of  appropriations  the  bill  carried.  The  bill  was  en- 
titled "A  Bill  for  an  Act  to  Establish  and  Maintain  a  School 
for  the  Instruction  and  Training  of  Teachers  of  Common 
Schools."  This  long  explanatory  statement  in  the  title  of  the 
bill  had  its  effect,  as  the  purpose  and  object  of  the  Normal 
School  at  that  'dme  would  not  have  been  perfectly  clear  to  all 
legislators.  The  word  Normal  seemed  to  be  something  of  a 
hoodoo,  and  besides  the  title  indicated  the  express  place  which 
the  writer  of  the  bill  intended  such .  a  school  to  take  in  the 
educational  system  of  the  state. 

The  senate  bill  referred  to  the  Normal  School  committee 
was  reported  back  with  amendments  and  favorable  recommen- 
dation and   referred   with  the  proposed   amendments   to   the 


186  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

committee  on  appropriations,  and  was  reported  back  by  that 
committee  without  recommendation.  Being  made  a  special 
order  the  bill  came  up  for  final  action  on  the  nth  day  of 
March,  whereupon  the  substitute  already  spoken  of  was  of- 
fered by  Senator  Miller  and  adopted  and  the  bill  was  passed 
under  suspension  of  the  rules  by  the  constitutional  majority 
of  twenty-six,  there  being  fourteen  nays  and  nine  members 
absent.  Several  of  the  absentees  would,  no  doubt,  have  voted 
aye  if  present.  The  passage  of  the  bill  at  that  time  was  a 
close  question,  and  to  obtain  the  presence  of  the  twenty-six, 
considerable  skirmishing  was  required  on  the  part  of  the  in- 
terested members  of  the  house,  as  well  as  Senator  Miller,  who 
was  unable,  of  course,  to  leave  the  chamber  pending  the  con- 
sideration of  the  bill.  It  is  a  notable  fact  that  several  mem- 
bers of  the  senate  and  house  as  well,  who  then  opposed  the 
establishment  of  a  school,  were  afterwards,  when  the  subject 
was  better  considered  and  understood,  firm  supporters  of  sub- 
sequent appropriations  for  its  support. 

The  contest  in  the  house  was  strenuous.  The  bill  intro- 
duced on  the  first  of  February  was  referred  to  the  commit- 
tee on  schools,  and  being  reported  favorably  on  the  26th  day 
of  February,  was  passed  on  file.  In  the  meantime  the  senate 
bill  as  passed  came  to  the  house  on  the  1 1  th  day  of  March  and 
was  taken  up  with  senate  messages  on  the  14th  day  of  March 
and  referred  to  the  committee  on  appropriations,  which,  on  the 
15th  day  of  March,  the  last  night  of  the  session,  reported  the 
same  back  to  the  house  without  recommendation. 

At  the  opening  of  the  session,  it  is  probable  that  no  more 
than  thirty  votes  could  have  been  recorded  in  favor  of  the  bill. 
The  actively  interested  members  there  were  met  with  the  ob- 
jections that  there  were  no  funds  for  such  purpose  and  that  a 
school  of  the  kind  was  not  properly  a  matter  of  state  interest ; 
and  worse,  by  the  want  of  any  adequate  comprehension  of 
the  necessity  of  such  a  school  and  the  work  to  be  done. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL,  SCHOOL.  187 

Besides  there  was  a  strong  local  opposition  to  the  estab- 
lishment of  the  school  by  influential  citizens  of  Cedar  Falls 
who  thought  that  having  a  state  institution  it  was  the  proper 
thing  to  let  well  enough  alone.  On  the  other  hand,  the  desir- 
ability of  the  consolidation  of  the  Homes  had  to  be  met,  and 
to  what  better  purpose  could  the  buildings  at  Cedar  Falls  be 
put  than  the  use  of  such  a  school  ? 

The  school  proposition  received  also  some  support  from 
members  interested  in  the  Homes  at  both  Davenport 
and  Glen  wood,  who  naturally  feared  that  should  con- 
solidation come  it  would  be  at  Cedar  Falls  instead 
of  one  or  both  of  these  places.  The  time  was  oppor- 
tune in  this,  that  the  school  might  be  established  without 
much  outlay  for  buildings.  The  majority  of  those  locally  in- 
terested were  properly  encouraging  the  friends  of  the  measure. 
Hon.  Alonzo  Abernethy,  then  superintendent  of  public  in- 
struction, contributed  his  whole  influence  in  its  favor  as  did 
many  other  school  men  throughout  the  state  in  their  various 
localities  and  with  their  representative  members  at  Des 
Moines. 

To  be  available  for  use  as  far  as  practicable,  an  expres- 
sion upon  the  subject  of  the  establishment  of  a  Normal  School 
was  asked  from  a  large  number  of  school  men  throughout  the 
state.  Answers  were  received  from  a  majority  of  these  and 
were  almost  unanimously  favorable,  but  not,  on  the  whole, 
evincing  any  very  live  interest  in  the  matter. 

One  notable  answer  was  made  by  one  superintendent  of 
schools  in  a  city  in  the  southern  part  of  the  state,  the  clear 
statement  of  whose  views  possibly  contributed  in  some  small 
degree  to  his  selection  to  a  very  distinguished  leadership  in 
this  kind  of  educational  work! 

As  may  well  be  conceived  from  the  nature  of  the  case, 
the  campaign  was  quietly  conducted.  It  was  man  by  man; 
answer  to  arguments;  explaining  this,  explaining  that,  and 


188  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

practically  but  little  could  be  done  upon  the  floor  of  the  house. 
Here  it  may  be  well  to  say  that  the  establishment  of  the  school 
was  in  no  sense  the  result  of  any  combination  or  trade  of  any 
character  whatever.  The  vote  by  which  the  bill  was  passed 
was  the  expression  of  the  deliberate  judgment  of  the  members 
of  the  house. 

The  bill  escaped  the  sifting  committee  by  reference  to 
the  committee  on  appropriations  and  as  it  carried  an  appro- 
priation it  became  privileged.  The  chairman  of  that  com- 
mittee was  something  more  than  opposed  to  the  measure,  and 
during  the  consideration  of  appropriation  bills  on  the  15th  of 
March  was  especially  requested  to  report  the  bill  to  the  house 
in  the  early  part  of  the  evening  while  all  the  members  were 
present.  This  he  refused  with  an  appearance  of  satisfaction 
that  the  bill  would  be  easily  beaten  in  a  thin  house,  fifty-one 
votes  being  required  to  pass  it. 

Quite  a  large  number  of  bills  carrying  appropriations 
were  reported  back  and  disposed  of.  This  bill  was  the  last  in 
the  hands  of  the  chairman.  In  the  small  hours  of  the  morn- 
ing he  reported  the  bill  without  recommendation.  The  rule 
was  suspended  and  the  bill  placed  upon  its  passage.  The  vote 
being  taken,  the  result  was  48  for,  35  against  and  16  absent. 
So  the  bill  was  lost.  Motion  being  immediately  made  for 
reconsideration,  the  friends  of  the  bill  commenced  to  hunt  up 
the  absentees  of  whom  enough  were  brought  in  from  different 
parts  of  the  building  so  that  when  the  vote  was  taken  the  re- 
sult was  52  for,  33  against  and  14  absent,  a  gain  of  three 
members  from  the  absentees  and  the  vote  of  the  member  who 
voted  against  the  measure  in  order  to  move  a  reconsideration. 
The  real  vote  which  the  measure  was  to  receive  was  not  known 
to  its  friends,  many  of  whom  fiad  become  much  interested  in 
the  fate  of  the  measure  and  was  a  great  surprise  to  those  or>- 
posed.  The  scene  was  dramatic.  The  minority  protested  that 
the  vote  was  not  correctly  reported  by  the  clerk  and  demanded 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  89 

a  new  vote,  which  the  speaker,  Governor  Gear,  refused ;  the 
clerk  verified  his  count  and  the  first  effective  step  was  taken 
in  the  establishment  of  a  school. 

The  bill  appropriated  $14,500  for  the  entire  expenses  of 
the  school  for  two  years,  turned  over  the  buildings  and 
grounds  at  Cedar  Falls  together  with  all  the  personal  prop- 
erty and  portions  of  the  library  not  necessary  for  the  use  of 
the  Home  at  Davenport. 

The  Governor  appointed  as  members  of  the  first  Board 
of  Directors,  Hon.  E.  H.  Thayer,  GifTord  S.  Robinson  and  H. 
C.  Hemenway,  who  had  been  members  of  the  house,  Major 
S.  G.  Smith,  L.  D.  Llewelling  and  William  Pattee.  At  the  ap- 
pointed time  in  June  the  Board  duly  organized  and  proceeded 
to  take  possession  of  the  property.  The  meager  amount  al- 
lowed for  the  purpose  of  repairs  became  more  painfully  ap- 
parent when  the  building  was  deserted  by  the  people  of  the 
Home. 

It  is  the  truth  to  say  that  no  portion  of  the  building  was 
proper  and  suitable  for  the  purposes  of  the  school,  although 
the  building  had  been  constructed  upon  plans  furnished  by  the 
contractor  for  the  erection  of  the  building,  A.  D.  Barnum, 
which  at  the  time  he  formed  with  reference  to  its  use  for  the 
purpose  of  a  Normal  School.  Later  William  Pattee  was  ap- 
pointed the  steward,  Mrs,  P.  A.  Schemerhorn  matron,  and 
after  the  making  of  such  repairs  as  could  be  covered  by  the 
amount  of  the  appropriation,  the  school  opened  in  September 
with  these  teachers: 

J.  C.  Gilchrist,  Principal;  M.  W.  Bartlett,  D.  S.  Wright 
and  Miss  Frances  L.  Webster,  in  various  departments. 

The  description  of  the  early  days  of  the  school,  the  dif- 
ficulties encountered  by  these  teachers,  is  assigned  to  another, 
although  there  is  very  much  of  reminiscence  connected,  with 
the  work  which  would  probably  be  more  interesting  to  those 
immediately  concerned  than  to  this  audience,  although  I  may 


190  IOWA  STATE3  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

here  express* my  sincere  regard  for  and  appreciation  of  the 
services  of  all  these  persons  so  intimately  connected  with  the 
school  at  that  time. 

Though  the  school  had  been  opened  and  in  successful 
operation  at  the  opening  of  the  Seventeenth  General  Assembly 
in  1878,  the  contest  was  not  over.  A  new  body  of  men  occu- 
pied the  house  and,  as  before,  the  legislative  storm  center  was 
there,  and  it  came  over  the  appropriation  bill. 

Lore  Alford  and  Jeremiah  Gay  were  the  members  of  the 
house  from  Black  Hawk  county,  and  upon  them  largely  fell 
the  work  in  behalf  of  the  appropriation.  As  in  the  preceding 
session,  the  work  had  been  as  described  with  comparatively 
little  of  debate,  in  this  session  the  contest  was  upon  the  floor 
.of  the  house.  Several  of  the  strongest  members  and  best  de- 
baters waged  a  vigorous  opposition  to  the  measure.  Mr.  Al- 
ford, however,  had  about  him  a  coterie  of  capable  workers,  and 
at  the  close  of  a  very  vehement  debate,  characterized  by  great 
want  of  knowledge  of  the  necessities  or  purposes  of  the  school, 
the  appropriation  passed  by  a  vote  of  56.  The  amount  was 
$13,500,  enough  for  bare  existence. 

.  In  1880  the  school  received  appropriations  of  $17,700, 
rather  grudgingly  given,  but  still  with  less  opposition  than 
had  been  met  with  before. 

In  1882  the  Assembly,  after  considerable  debate,  made  an 
appropriation  of  $15,500  for  teachers'  salaries,  $2,000  repairs 
and  improvements,  $1,000  library  and  apapratus,  $1,000  con- 
tingent expenses  and  $30,000  for  the  erection  of  a  new  build- 
ing. The  appropriation  of  this  money  for  the  new  building 
may  be  said  to  mark  the  end  of  opposition  to  the  school  and 
to  the  making  of  appropriations  for  its  proper  maintenance. 
The  school  was  then  for  the  first  time  sure  of  life  and  the  op- 
portunity for  growth.  It  became  in  every  sense  a  state  insti- 
tution and  worthy  and  entitled  to  receive  full  financial  sup- 
port. 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  191 

Since  then  the  question  has  not  been,  whether  or  not  any- 
thing should  be  given,  but  what  is  the  reasonable  and  proper 
amount  to  appropriate.  By  the  passage  of  this  appropriation 
the  school  was  assured  of  not  only  support  but  growth  and 
enlargement.     The  school  was  founded. 


THE  EARLY  DAYS  OF  THE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 
By  Professor  D.  S.   Wright. 

In  the  annals  of  the  Iowa  State  Normal  School,  when- 
ever written,  there  are  certain  names  that  are  sure  of  a  per- 
ennial place.  They  bear  to  it  the  same  relation  as  do  the 
names  of  Washington,  Franklin  and  Hancock  to  the  Ameri- 
can Republic,  or  the  names  of  Briggs,  Grimes  and  Kirkwood 
to  the  commonwealth  of  Iowa. 

Among  these  may  be  named  the  gentleman  who  has  just 
preceded  me,  Mir.  H.  C.  Hemenway,  the  now  honored  mayor 
of  our  city,  but  for  whom,  this  locality,  though  it  might  have 
been  the  site  of  a  mad-house,  an  infirmary  or  an  inebriates' 
home,  would  most  probably  never  have  been  the  seat  of  a 
great  educational  institution.  Inspired  by  zeal  for  the  cause 
of  pedagogical  education  in  the  state  and  by  loyalty  to  the 
town  of  his  adoption,  through  tireless  efforts  against  great 
odds  in  the  General  Assembly,  he  secured  the  establishment  of 
the  institution  at  Cedar  Falls,  and  won  for  himself  the  title 
of  "Father  of  the  Normal  School." 

Another  was  Professor  J.  C.  Gilchrist,  who  presided 
over  the  destinies  of  the  institution  during  the  first  ten  years 
of  its  history — a  great-hearted,  great-brained,  full-blooded 
Scotchman,  with  all  the  faults,  and  with  all  the  excellencies  of 
his  race.  The  good  that  men  do  lives  after  them — the  world 
has  evolved  since  Caesar's  time — the  good  that  men  do  lives 
after  them,  the  evil  is  often  interred  with  their  bones;  so  let 
it  be  with  Gilchrist. 


192  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Another  was  Miss  Frances  Lillian  Webster,  now  Mrs. 
Frances  Webster  Fish,  of  Martinez,  California.  An  accom- 
plished woman,  and  an  enthusiastic  teacher,  a  graduate  of  the 
State  Normal  School  at  Potsdam,  New  York,  she  brought 
to  her  work  all  that  was  newest  and  best  in  methods  of  in- 
struction. 

And  there's  a  nice  youngster  of  excellent  pith, — 
Fate  tried  to1  conceal  him  by  naming  him — (Moses), 
You  hear  the  boy  laughing;  you  think  he's  all  fun; 
But  the  angels  laugh,  too,  at  the  good  he  has  done ; 
The  children  laugh  loud  as  they  troop  to  his  call, 
And  the  students  he's  helped,  laugh  the  loudest  of  all. 

However  well  adapted  the  venerable  and  storm-scarred 
North  Hall  may  have  been  for  the  purpose  of  a  Soldiers'  Or- 
phans' Home,  it  was  very  ill  adapted  to  the  needs  of  an  edu- 
cational institution. 

Prior  to  the  organization  of  the  school  in  1876,  with  lim- 
ited appropriations  of  funds  at  the  command  of  the  Board  of 
Trustees,  long  and  narrow  dormitories  were  converted  into 
recitation  rooms,  and  the  principal  school-room  of  ''The 
Home"  was  extemporized  into  an  auditorium  with  a  seating 
capacity  of  about  one  hundred  people.  The  institution  was 
practically  without  a  library  and  without  apparatus.  One  of 
the  first  official  acts  of  Professor  Bartlett  and  myself  was  to 
go  through  the  old  library  inherited  from  the  soldiers'  or- 
phans and  select  such  books  as  might  be  desirable  to  form  the 
nucleus  of  a  library  for  the  new  institution.  We  found  it  a  very 
orthodox  collection,  made  up  for  the  most  part  of  Sunday 
school  books  of  the  kind  in  vogue  at  that  time.  We  succeeded 
in  rescuing  Franklin's  Autobiography,  The  Life  of  Daniel 
Boone,  Bunyan's  Pilgrim's  Progress,  the  Dairyman's  Daugh- 
ter, and  a  few  other  English  classics  of  like  character.  Among 
the  more  valuable  pieces  of  apparatus  were  an  old  and  rickety 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL.  SCHOOL.  193 

Holbrook  tellurian,  a  wheezy  air-pump,  and  a  rubber  arrange- 
ment with  a  graduated  scale  for  testing  lung  capacity.  Sur- 
rounded by  these  and  like  discouragements,  in  the  face  of  open 
hostility  from  many  sources,  in  the  face  of  an  indifferentism 
on  the  part  of  the  public  that  was  worse  than  open  hostility, 
the  foundation  of  the  State  Normal  School  was  laid ;  laid  not 
with  the  sound  of  hammer  and  trowel,  for  the  building  to  be 
erected  was  a  spiritual  and  not  a  material  structure. 

Institutions  like  men,  have  souls  as  well  as  bodies;  and 
the  essential,  vital  part  of  the  institution  or  the  man,  is  the 
soul  and  not  the  body.  No  man  ever  saw  his  friend ;  he  only 
saw  the  house  in  which  his  friend  lived ;  for  man  is  essentially 
soul,  and  soul  is  what  the  physical  eye  hath  not  seen,  nor  the 
physical  ear  heard.  By  a  like  metonymy,  men  riding  on  the 
railway,  point  to>  this  pile  of  buildings  and  say  "That  is  the 
State  Normal  School."  They  are  wrong.  They  are  substi- 
tuting matter  for  spirit,  the  seen  and  the  temporal  for  the  un- 
seen and  the  eternal.  The  spirit  of  the  school,  the  spirit  that 
is  the  school,  is  the  spirit  of  the  teacher,  an  inspiration,  an  in- 
breathing of  the  enthusiasm,  of  the  soul  of  the  instructor, 
into  the  soul  of  the  instructed. 

It  is  my  glad  privilege  this  afternoon  to>  congratulate 
Professor  Bartlett,  my  friend,  co-worker,  brother,  that  he  has 
been  permitted  not  only  to  assist  in  the  laying  of  the  corner- 
stone  of  this  spiritual  building,  but  to  have  so  great  a 
part  in  the  rearing  of  the  superstructure.  I  know  him  too 
well,  I  have  touched  elbows  with  him  too  often,  to-  believe  for 
a  moment  that  super-eulogistic  words  from  my  lips  would  be 
acceptable  to  him  on  this  occasion.  His  work  for  this  insti- 
tution, how  he  has  not  withheld  to  give  himself  for  its  pros- 
perity and  the  prosperity  of  its  students,  and  the  results  of  his 
sacrifice  and  labors;  behold,  are  they  not  written  in  the  lives 
and  the  successes  of  the  graduates  and  the  undergraduates  of 
the  school,  who  have  caught  somewhat  of  his  spirit  and  re- 


194  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

produced  it  in  their  own  teaching,  who  have  received  from 
him  about  the  only  thing  that  any  teacher  in  any  school  can 
impart  to  any  pupil,  inspiration  to  be,  to  do  and  to  bear. 

In  conclusion,  let  me  sum  up  my  estimate  of  the  man 
we  honor  today,  in  the  words  of  Henry  Fielding : 

"Genteel  in  personage,  conduct  and  equipage;  noble  by  heri- 
tage, generous  and  free; 

Brave,  not  romantic;  learned,  not  pedantic;  frolic,  not  fran- 
tic,— all  this  is  he. 

Honor  maintaining,  meanness  disdaining,  still  entertaining, 
engaging  and  new; 

Neat,  but  not  finical;  sage,  but  not  cynical;  never  tyrannical, 
but  ever  true." 


THE  NORMAL  SCHOOL  AND  THE  STATE. 
By  Hon.  B.  D.  Chassell. 

When  the  invitation  to  appear  here  reached  me  from 
President  Seerley,  I  experienced  a  rush  of  warm  and  pleasant 
recollections,  and,  on  the  impulse  of  the  moment,  I  accepted. 
I  thought  of  the  old  school  with  300  students,  of  an  informal 
meeting  with  a  few  old  friends,  and  perhaps  an  off-hand  five- 
minute  talk  at  the  close. 

I  did  not  stop  to  realize  that  the  school  had  reached  such 
proportions  that  this  elaborate  affair  would  assume  the  dignity 
of  a  state  function  and  that  I  would  be  associated  on  this  pro- 
gram with  such  distinguished  gentlemen  as  those  who  have 
preceded  me,  or  the  veteran  educator  and  scholar  of  national 
reputation  and  fame  who  will  follow.  - 

When  the  gavity  of  the  situation  dawned  upon  me,  I  was 
in  very  much  the  frame  of  mind  of  an  Asiatic  traveler  who 
with  two  companions  was  journeying  across  the  shah's  do- 
minions. The  party  was  made  up  of  a  bald-headed  merchant, 
a  barber  and  the  shah's  court  fool.     At  the  inn  where  they 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  195 

stopped  for  the  night  the  natives  evinced  such  interest  in  their 
property  that  they  were  afraid  they  would  be  robbed  while 
sleeping.  It  was  therefore  agreed  that  they  would  take  turns 
in  watching.  The  barber  was  to  take  the  first  watch,  the  fool 
the  second  and  the  bald-headed  merchant  the  last.  After  the 
others  had  retired  the  barber  found  time  dragging  heavily, 
and  as  a  pleasant  diversion  he  shaved  the  head  of  the  slum- 
bering fool.  When  he  wakened  the  fool  to  take  his  turn, 
that  gentleman  rubbed  his  head  and  was  astounded.  "Why/' 
he  exclaimed,  "the  careless  barber  has  made  a  mistake  and 
wakened  the  bald-headed  merchant  when  he  should  have 
wakened  me."  It  seemed  to  me  that  a  mistake  had  been  made 
in  awakening  the  wrong  man  for  this  program. 

But  I  could  not  think  of  any  creditable  excuse  for  backing 
cut.  I  didn't  want  to  be  innoculated  for  the  smallpox  nor  to 
organize  for  an  attack  of  the  dilerium  tremens.  I  could  not 
arrange  for  a  railway  wreck  at  the  proper  time,  and — I  wanted 
to  come.  I  wanted  to  visit  old  friends  and  to  greet  new  ones, 
to  view  again  the  scenes  of  school  day  experiences,  and  more 
than  all  these,  yes,  a  thousand  times  more,  did  I  wish  even 
in  the  most  humble  way  to  show  my  appreciation  of  the  worth 
of  the  distinguished  gentleman  and  scholar  whom  we  are 
today  met  to  honor. 

It  was  more  than  twenty-four  years  ago  when  first  I  en- 
tered Professor  Bartlett's  classes,  and  the  respect  and  love 
which  I  have  ever  had  for  him  has  never  been  diminished 
through  all  the  years.  Hundreds  of  students  have  found  him 
a  true  friend  and  careful  counselor,  not  only  in.  class-room 
duties  but  in  the  wider  affairs  of  life  as  well.  A  thousand 
silken  threads  of  affection  have  been  spun  from  Memory's  dis- 
taff to  bind  the  hearts  of  the  old  students  to  him  whom  we 
delight  to  honor  today  and  for  whom  this  celebration  is  en- 
acted. I  want  to  testify  to  the  rare  worth  of  a  life  that  has 
been  beautiful  in  itself  and  uplifting  to  its  fellows.     Such  an 


196  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL,  SCHOOL. 

event  as  this  we  celebrate  today  is  not  duplicated  in  all  the 
history  of  education.  It  may  be  centuries  before  the  circum- 
stances and  the  man  will  arise  to  make  its  equal  possible. 
Fifty  years  of  a  merchant's  life  may  mean  at  most  the  hoard- 
ing of  a  few  millions.  Fifty  years  of  a  soldier's  life  may 
mean  victories  on  the  field  of  carnage  and  fame  in  the  world 
of  military  glory.  Fifty  years  of  a  stateman's  life  may  mark 
great  national  aggrandizement  and  the  extension  of  national 
domain.  The  merchant's  millions  will  be  scattered  and  van- 
ish under  the  hand  of  succeeding  generations.  The  substan- 
tial results  of  the  soldier's  achievements  may  crumble  and  dis- 
appear under  the  corrosive  action  of  the  current  of  history  like 
the  sandy  banks  of  a  mighty  river.  The  statesman's  territory 
may  be  assimilated  by  the  diplomatic  triumphs  of  a  rival 
nation.  But  fifty  years  of  a  teacher's  life  sets  in  motion  the 
currents  of  thought  in  countless  minds.  The  influence  con- 
tinues on  and  on  through  time,  leading  on  to  greater  and  still 
greater  results. 

The  ordinary  working  period  of  a  man's  life  is  less  than 
twenty-five  years,  but  here  is  an  exceptional  example  of  bril- 
liant intellect  and  tireless  energy  devoted  for  a  half  century 
to  the  uplifting  of  humanity.  I  know  of  no  life  work  equal 
to  it  for  benefits  to  the  race.  Perhaps  the  career  of  the  devout 
and  self-sacrificing  missionary  in  the  wild  haunts  of  savage 
tribes  might  be  considered  the  nearest  approach  to  this  in 
achievements  for  the  enlightenment  of  mankind,  but  the  mis- 
sionary has  to1  work  with  coarse  material ;  his  labors  are  with 
intellects  incapable  of  high  polish  or  temper;  while  the  teacher 
in  an  enlightened  land  moulds  minds  of  steel,  susceptible  of 
high  polish  and  temper, — capable  of  being  made  the  edge- 
tools  and  mainsprings  of  our  civilization. 

The  origin  of  this  school  has  been  most  modestly  de- 
scribed by  the  honorable  gentleman  whose  personal  victories 
and  ability  have  been  kept   in  the  background  by  his  mod- 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  197 

esty,  the  man  who  secured  the  passage  of  the  act  which  gave 
to  Iowa  its  only  State  Normal  School.  How  even  his  tireless 
energy,  patriotic  devotion  and  suave  diplomacy  secured  its 
passage,  it  is  difficult  now  to  comprehend.  To  my  personal 
knowledge  since  that  time,  within  the  past  twenty  years,  near- 
ly a  hundred  bills  have  been  presented  asking  for  the  estab- 
lishment of  Iowa  State  Normal  Schools.  Not  one  of  them 
has  reached  the  governor,  and  only  two  or  three  have  suc- 
ceeded in  passing  one  of  the  branches  of  the  general  assem- 
bly. It  takes  a  careful  study  of  the  records  of  the  general 
assembles  that  have  succeeded  the  Sixteenth  to  fully  com- 
prehend and  appreciate  the  debt  which  Cedar  Falls  and  the 
the  state  of  Iowa  owe  to  Hon.  H.  C.  Hemenway. 

The  beginning  was  small.  How  well  the  old  students 
remember  that  even  four  or  five  years  after  the  founding  of 
the  institution,  one  of  the  most  frequently  consulted  refer- 
ence works  in  the  little  library,  after  the  encyclopedia  and  the 
dictionary,  was  a  series  of  bound  volumes  of  Harper's  Month- 
ly, then  the  most  exhaustive,  convenient  and  recent  source  of 
information  we  had  on  miscellaneous  litreary,  scientific  and 
historical  subjects. 

A  skeleton  suspended  from  a  convenient  hook  behind 
the  door  of  the  assembly  room'  and  enveloped  in  a  sheet  when 
not  on  dress  parade  for  class  use,  comprised  all  of  the  stage 
property  of  the  biological  department.  This  character,  the 
gentleman  without  his  enveloping  integuments,  was  affection- 
ately called  Old  Dan  by  the  boys  of  that  era.  There  was  no 
skeleton  in  the  closet  of  the  institution  in  those  days,  for  two 
reasons:  this  public  skeleton  was  the  only  one  that  the  insti- 
tution could  afford,  and  there  was  no  closet.  Since  the  school 
has  grown  to  its  present  vast  proportions  and  is  the  possessor 
of  many  closets,  I  understand  that  all  obscure  niches  where 
they  might  abide  are  now  treated  with  a  sort  of  mental  for- 
maldehyde, technically  known  to>  school  science  as  esprit  du 


198  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.     ' 

corps,  and  no  self-respecting  skeleton  now  dares  to  venture  in. 

We  were  not  without  the  proper  school  spirit  then,  but 
we  lacked  the  force  of  numbers  and  the  weight  of  many  other 
attributes  that  come  only  with  long  established  associations 
and  success. 

From  these  small  beginnings,  under  the  moulding  hand 
of  this  master  architect  (President  Seerley)  has  arisen  the 
greatest  normal  school  in  America,  and  because  the  greatest 
in  America,  the  greatest  in  the  world.  During  the  first  years 
of  its  existence  the  school  had  to  fight  for  life  and  recogni- 
tion. The  second  appropriation  was  a  thousand  dollars  small- 
er than  the  first.  Normal  teachers  were  met  by  prejudice 
and  had  to1  search  for  positions.  Now  that  the  public  has  been 
convinced  by  the  substantial  merit  of  the  work  performed,  the 
school  is  recognized  as  a  leader  and  its  graduates  are  in  con- 
stant demand. 

A  few  days  ago  the  president  of  the  school  board  of  one 
of  Iowa's  most  prosperous  young  cities  showed  me  a  telegram 
to  the  effect  that  the  principal  of  the  high  school  would  vacate 
his  position  on  the  first  of  February.  I  asked  him  if  he  de- 
sired to  make  any  inquiry  in  Des  Moines  for  candidates  for 
the  position.  "Oh,  no/'  he  replied.  "We  never  bother  to 
make  any  inquiries.  When  we  need  teachers  we  always  send 
to  President  Seerley  and  tell  him  what  we  want,  and  we  are 
never  disappointed  in  either  the  supply  or  the  quality." 

During  the  first  twenty  years  of  its  existence  the  ap- 
propriations for  this  institution  were  very  small,  but  I  doubt 
if  there  is  any  other  state  school  of  any  kind  in  America  that 
accomplished  so  much  for  so  little  money.  If  we  are  to  be- 
lieve that  "money  talks,"  the  state  of  Iowa  has  in  the  last  few 
years  begun  to  understand  and  appreciate  the  achievements 
of  this  normal  school.  The  appropriations  have  been  in- 
creased and  the  institution  has  been  enlarged  far  beyond  the 
dreams  of  its  founders.     And  this,  too,  as  a  simple  recogni- 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  199 

tion  of  merit,  because,  be  it  said  to  its  credit,  and  to  the  credit 
of  this  board  of  directors,  this  school  has  never  maintained  a 
lobby  at  the  capital. 

"Governments  are  necessities  arising  from  the  ignorance 
and  selfishness  of  mankind,"  says  a  well-known  writer.  "That 
people  are  best  governed  who  are  least  governed,"  is  an  axiom. 
The  history  of  civilization  shows  that  the  broadening  and 
uplifting  effects  of  popular  education  reduce  the  necessity  and 
expense  of  much  governing.  Not  that  greater  license  is  per- 
mitted, not  that  the  iron  hand  of  the  law  shall  be  less  strong, 
but  that  it  becomes  unnecessary  for  the  neck  of  the  individual 
to  be  continually  galled  by  the  grasp  of  the  mailed  ringers  of 
authority.  An  intelligent  people  can  govern  themselves,  none 
other  can. 

The  practical  experience  of  nations  demonstrates  that 
popular  education  reduces  pauperism  and  crime  and  contrib- 
utes to  the  general  welfare.  While  this  doctrine  was  disputed 
a  hundred  years  ago,  it  is  not  necessary  to  adduce  statistics 
to  prove  its  correctness  to  an  Iowa  audience  of  the  twentieth 
century. 

A  more  general  comprehension  of  these  principles  in  the 
early  part  of  the  nineteenth  century  caused  a  great  educa- 
tional awakening  and  the  birth  of  the  common  school  system. 
The  expenses  of  the  common  school  system  are  enormous. 
In  Iowa  alone  the  annual  cost  now  exceeds  ten  million  dol- 
lars, while  in  the  United  States  the  amount  expended  each 
year  is  in  excess  of  two  hundred  thirty-five  million  dollars. 
But  experience  has  demonstrated  that  this  is  less  costly  than 
ignorance.  A  strong  teacher  is  the  first  essential  of  a  good 
school.  With  the  development  of  the  school  system  naturally 
the  business-like  proposition  became  apparent  that  to  increase 
the  efficiency  of  the  teachers  would  greatly  enhance  the  re- 
sults of  the  vast  expenditures  for  school  purposes.  The  nor- 
mal schools  were  the  outgrowth  of  this  idea.     The  innovation 


200  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL,  SCHOOL. 

of  professional  schools  for  teachers,  like  all  progressive  move- 
ments, met  long  established  prejudices  and  the  jealousies  of 
the  old  schools.  Even  a  Boston  school  committee  objected 
to  normal  training  because  "such  training  would  lead  to  re- 
peated experiments  with  new  methods."  Truly,  the  early  his- 
tory of  normal  schools  is  as  that  of  a  river  running  up  hill 
against  the  winds  of  prejudice.  Seventy-five  years  ago  there 
were  no  state  normal  schools  in  America ;  fifty  years  ago  there 
were  six,  and  now  there  are  one  hundred  and  sixty-six.  The 
normal  schools  are  the  edge-tool  factories  of  the  educational 
S3^stem,  where  the  effective  instruments  are  fashioned  and 
sharpened  for  the  work. 

It  takes  years  of  technical  training  under  the  best  of 
special  instructors  to  enable  a  man  to  make  and  operate  an 
electric  engine,  the  highest  type  of  mechanical  construction. 
The  teacher  is  called  upon  to  take  the  raw  material  and  from 
it  to  produce  a  product  which  is  a  thousand  fold  more  com- 
plicated, a  cultured  and  upright,  patriotic  citizen.  The  pro- 
gressive state,  as  one  of  its  first  duties,  needs,  therefore,  to 
see  that  thorough  professional  training  is  afforded  to  the 
teacher,  that  the  product  of  his  instruction  may  turn  out  to 
be  a  benefit  and  a  blessing  and  not  a  Frankenstein  creation. 

Every  year  brings  to  our  shores  hundreds  of  thousands 
of  homeseekers.  Nearly  all  these  are  good  material  for  patri- 
otic, liberty  loving  citizenship.  But  a  large  proportion  come 
from  countries  where  there  is  little  or  no  educational,  com- 
mercial or  political  progress;  where  the  nineteenth  century 
closed  with  practically  the  same  social  conditions  as  marked 
the  ending  of  the  eighteenth.  Splendid  strong  men  and  wom- 
en they  are,  with  good  principles,  intelligent  minds,  and 
patriotic  ambitions,  but  they  have  been  held  down  by  the 
conditions  of  the  old  civilizations. 

The  public  school  system  is  the  great  transforming  mill 
through  which  the  ceaseless  tide  of  immigration  flows.     One 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL.  SCHOOL.  201 

generation  of  American  life  shows  more  progress  than  a  cen- 
tury in  the  lands  from  whence  they  came.  In  several  places 
in  the  Mississippi  valley  there  are  communities  where  twenty- 
live  years  ago  the  first  settlers  lived  as  their  ancestors  across 
the  Atlantic  had  lived  for  two  hundred  years,  with  the  horses 
and  the  cows  and  other  domestic  animals  under  the  same  roof 
with  the  family,  and  that  roof  thatched  with  marsh  grass. 
Today  the  sons  and  daughters  of  those  households  are  the 
leaders  of  their  communities.  They  live  in  fine  houses,  they 
own  large  farms  and  drive  splendid  horses.  They  are  the 
lawyers  and  the  doctors  and  the  office  holders  and  the  school 
teachers  of  their  localities.  Libraries  and  pianos  and  pictures 
adorn  these  homes,  and  when  their  children  return  from  col- 
leges and  normal  schools  for  the  Christmas  vacation,  they 
gather  around  the  fireside  to  listen  to  the  grandsire's  tales  of 
the  distant  and  different  land  from  whence  he  came. 

A  few  years  ago  a  cloud  no  larger  than  a  wing  of  a  sky- 
lark appeared  on  the  clear  sky  of  our  industrial  horizon.  It 
fluttered  and  disappeared  and  appeared  again.  It  has  grown 
and  spread  until  the  labor  disputes  now  at  times  threaten  to 
shut  out  the  sunshine  of  our  industrial  and  commercial  prog- 
ress. The  American  people  have  reached  the  conclusion  that 
an  honestly  and  fairly  discriminating  intelligence  must  be 
the  arbiter  when  capital  and  labor  disagree.  A  regiment  of 
regulars  with  riot  guns  might  compel  a  temporary  peace,  but 
it  will  take  a  regiment  of  school  teachers  to  secure  permanent 
tranquility.  They  can  instill  the  true  doctrine  of  the  rights 
of  the  individual  and  at  the  same  time  the  knowledge  of  the 
stern  necessity  of  recognizing  the  rights  of  others. 

These  are  among  the  many  grave  questions  that  confront 
us.  With  every  change  in  social,  political  and  commercial 
conditions  other  differences  will  arise  which  must  be  recon- 
ciled. Every  decade  brings  its  social  and  governmental  per- 
plexities.    The  victories  of  liberty  in  the  past  have  mainly 


202  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL.  SCHOOL. 

been  won  by  the  sword  of  battle;  the  contests  of  the  future 
will  be  fought  with  the  lance  of  the  intellect. 

The  Christian  teachers,  the  trained  teachers,  the  Normal 
trained  teachers,  must  be  the  drillmasters  for  that  army  which 
is  to  wage  the  wars  of  the  future. 

Upon  the  teacher  are  imposed  grave  responsibilities.  He 
is.  in  fact,  a  public  official.  His  relations  to  the  public  are 
more  exacting  and  intimate  and  as  far-reaching  as  those  of 
judge  or  legislature.  The  teacher  must  instruct  not  only  in 
the  ordinary  academic  branches  and  moral  virtues,  but  also  in 
the  duties  of  citizenship.  It  is  not  enough  that  a  man  be  cul- 
tured and  morally  upright  to  be  a  good  citizen.  For  a  gov- 
ernment of  the  people  must  be  by  the  people.  The  man  who 
voluntarily  disenfranchises  himself  is  not  a  good  citizen.  The 
stay-at-home  vote  is  a  menace  to  free  institutions  and  pure 
politics.  The  cultured  gentleman  who  wraps  his  self-woven 
robe  of  hypocritical  sanctity  about  him  and  declines  to  partici- 
pate in  the  affairs  of  the  community  which  sustains  his  liber- 
ties and  guards  his  property  is  a  coward  and  deserves  to  be 
held  up  to  public  scorn.  He  is  of  no  more  use  to  the  com- 
munity and  the  cause  of  good  government  than  the  holy 
man  of  the  Himalayas  in  the  seclusion  of  the  inner  room  of 
his  mountain  cavern  murmuring  to  himself  the  sacred  pre- 
cepts of  the  Paranas  while  ignorance  and  misery  and  crime 
riot  at  his  threshold. 

The  laurels  of  the  great  military  commanders  sometimes 
crumble  to  dust  and  are  scattered.  But  the  unostentatious  de- 
votion of  the  patriotic  teacher  who  drills  the  growing  citizen 
in  civic  duties  and  inculcates  a  loyalty  to  country,  love  for 
American  institutions  and  above  all,  fearlessness  to  act,  is 
worthy  of  the  victor's  wreath  of  perpetual  beauty. 

It  was  my  fortune  on  a  stormy  day  in  autumn  to  visit 
the  battlefield  of  Gettysburg.  As  we  stood  on  a  grassy  knoll, 
the  guide  told  of  the  sharp  engagement  that  had  taken  place 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL.  SCHOOL.  203 

there  and  of  the  dauntless  bravery  of  the  Union  troops  who  had 
occupied  and  held  the  position  though  scores  were  wounded 
and  slaughtered  by  the  distant  superior  long-range  batteries 
of  the  enemy.  Although  the  short  range  of  their  own  cannon 
rendered  it  impossible  to  reply  to  the  storm  of  shell  and  solid 
shot  which  swept  them  with  the  hail  of  death,  they  did  not 
flinch  nor  retreat,  but  held  the  position  and  repelled  the  at- 
tack. When  re-enforcements  arrived  there  were  not  many 
left  to  tell  the  story.  It  was  one  of  the  most  pathetic  and 
glorious  incidents  of  that  great  battle.  I  noted  at  the  top  of 
a  tall  flagstaff  a  faded  remnant  of  red,  white  and  blue  en- 
crusted with  the  ice  and  snow  of  autumn.  The  guide  ex- 
plained that  the  survivors  of  that  engagement  had  formed  an 
association  and  endowed  a  perpetual  fund  and  that  every  year 
a  new  banner  is  hoisted  to  honor  the  brave  fallen  comrades 
and  to  show  the  world  that  the  spirit  of  liberty  and  union, 
which  in  that  great  battle  turned  the  current  of  the  world's 
history,  will  never  die.  Unlike  the  war  against  slavery  and 
secession,  in  the  conflict  against  ignorance  and  vice  there  can 
be  no  signal  victory  like  that  of  Gettysburg  to  turn  back  the 
tide  forever.  In  this  never-ending  warfare,  the  state  de- 
mands that  every  citizen  be  prepraed  to  aid  in  holding  the 
outposts,  to  see  that  there  is  no  retreat  and  that  the  flags  are 
perpetually  unfurled. 


THE  SCHOOLMASTER  OF  FIFTY  YEARS  AGO. 

By  Henry  Sabin. 

Did  you  ever  keep  a  district  school  and  "board  'round"? 
If  you  never  did,  your  early  education  was  sadly  neglected. 
Perhaps  some  time  in  the  course  of  the  week  some  little  boy 
comes  to  the  desk — "Say,  Master,  my  mamma  wants  you  to 
board  at  our  house  next  week.     We  are  going  to  kill  hogs 


204  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

tomorrow,  and  she  says  you  may  as  well  come  then  as  any 
time."  So  Monday  night  you  cover  up  the  fire  so  that  it  will 
be  sure  to  keep,  and  you  go  out  to  seek  your  boarding  place, 
perhaps  to  a  house  in  the  farthermost  corner  of  the  district, 
wading  through  snow  up  to  your  knees.  The  family  live  in 
the  kitchen,  but  it  is  warm.  For  supper  you  have  "cold  vic- 
tuals," beef,  pork  and  vegetables  of  various  kinds.  You  wash 
it  down  with  corn  coffee,  not  as  bad  a  drink  as  acorns  and 
chicory;  or  maybe  hard  cider.  After  supper  you  play  with 
the  babies,  help  the  boys  and  girls  do  their  sums,  play  check- 
ers with  the  hired  man.  By  the  way,  I  wonder  what  has 
become  of  the  good  old  game  of  "Three  Men  Morris,"  or 
"Fox  and  Geese"?  You  talk  a  while  with  the  old  farmer, 
politics  or  religion,  and  then,  lighted  by  a  tallow  candle,  you 
make  your  way  to  the  spare  room.  The  bed  was  made  up  in 
August  and  there  is  no  convenience  in  the  room  for  a  fire. 
Your  fingers  are  numb,  but  you  manage  to  undress,  in  part 
at  least,  and  crawl  in  between  the  sheets.  Now  comes  the 
tug  of  war,  "the  battle  royal."  Did  you  ever  shiver  yourself 
warm?  The  more  intense  the  cold,  the  more  you  shiver. 
Your  teeth  chatter,  the  cold  chills  run  up  and  down  your  back, 
you  curl  yourself  up  into  the  smallest  possible  space,  but  after 
a  time,  through  the  very  intensity  of  your  sufferings,  the  per- 
spiration starts  and  you  drop  asleep* — you  have  actually  shiv- 
ered yourself  warm.  But  the  ordeal  is  not  yet  through.  You 
are  dreaming  of  home  and  comfort  when  someone  sets  the 
candle  inside  the  door  and  you  hear  the  still,  small  voice,  "It 
is  time  to  get  up;  breakfast  is  most  ready."  You  pull  your- 
self out  of  bed;  luckily  half  your  clothes'  are  already  on,  and 
in  a  short  time  you  are  down  stairs.  For  breakfast  you  have 
buckwheat  cakes,  hot  from  the  griddle,  New  Orleans  mo- 
lasses, sausage,  homemade,  and  again  corn  coffee.  When  you 
start  for  school  the  stars  are  still  shining.  You  enter  the 
school-room,  rake  open  the  coals,  throw  on  the  dry  kindlings, 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  205 

and  soon  the  stove  is  red-hot.  Now  the  sun  peeps  in  at  the 
windows.  You  thaw  out  the  ink,  and  you  have  your  copies 
all  set  by  the  time  the  boys  and  girls  begin  to  come. 

This  is  what  it  meant  to  keep  school  at  "eleven  dollars 
a  month  and  board  ' round.' '  The  old-fashioned  schoolmas- 
ter would  follow  it  up  for  four  months  and  come  out  in  the 
spring  with  unruffled  temper  and  unimpaired  digestion. 
Verily,  "there  were  giants  in  those  days." 

The  old-fashioned  schoolmaster  could  read  and  write 
and  cipher,  and  although  he  knew  nothing  of  phonetics,  he 
could  spell  all  the  words  in  Webster's  Old  Blue  Spelling 
Book.  He  could  parse  the  most  intricate  sentences  in  Mil- 
ton's Paradise  Lost  or  in  Pope's  Essay  on  Man.  From  a 
goose  quill  he  could  manufacture  a  pen  equal  to  the  finest 
steel  pen  of  today,  and  although  he  knew  nothing  of  the  Sp'en- 
cerian  slant,  or  the  perpendicular  style,  he  could  neverthe- 
less set  a  fair  round-hand  copy  which  our  high  school  boys 
and  girls  would  do  well  to  imitate.  He  knew  little  of  what 
we  call  didactics  and  less  of  psychology,  but  he  was  a  master 
hand  at  manual  training,  as  many  a  mischievous  urchin  bore 
unwilling  witness.  The  terms,  correlation,  co-ordination,  ap^ 
perception,  would  have  fallen  upon  his  ears  without  meaning, 
as  the  words  of  a  foreign  language,  yet  he  knew  that  the 
acme  of  school  government  was  in  obedience  to  rules,  and 
that  the  road  to  learning  was  in  self-reliance  and  hard  study. 

He  possessed  no  diploma  and  held  no  state  certificate; 
no  normal  school  professors  threatened  him  with  direst 
frowns  if  he  failed  in  examination,  and  no*  county  superin- 
tendent marked  his  papers  65  per  cer£  and  therefore  judged 
him  unfit  to  teach. 

He  was  a  power  in  the  neighborhood  where  he  lived. 
Questions  of  politics  and  religion  were  referred  toi  him  and 
parents  committeed  their  children  to  his  care  with  perfect  as- 
surance of  their  safety.     Next  to  the  Puritan  minister,  the 


206  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Puritan  schoolmaster  held  the  place  of  honor  in  church  and 
state. 

He  was  proud  of  his  calling,  and  esteemed  himself  one 
of  the  elect  of  the  earth.  One  of  these  old  masters  said  to 
me  a  few  years  ago:  "I  taught  school  twenty-five  winters 
in  succession,  and  they  came  after  me  again  and  offered  me 
fifty  dollars  a  month,  but  I  thought  it  was  time  to  quit,  and 
told  them  no."  He  is  a  wise  man  who  knows  his  own  limita- 
tions. 

These  men  taught  school  in  the  winter  and  worked  on 
the  farms  during  the  summer.  Like  other  classes  of  men 
they  embrace  the  good,  the  bad  and  the  indifferent.  The  best 
of  them  were  descendants  of  men  who  sat  under  the  preach- 
ing of  the  old  divines  like  Jonathan  Edwards,  whose  sermons 
set  the  theological  world  on  fire.  Their  forefathers  followed 
Stark  from  the  mountains  of  New  Hampshire  and  turned  the 
tide  of  the  Battle  of  Bennington.  They  turned  from  the 
school  to'  the  farm  and  from  the  farm  to  the  school,  and 
never  forgot  that  wherever  they  were  they  were  expected  to 
do  a  man's  work  in  the  world,  whether  they  hoed  corn  in  June 
or  taught  school  in  December.  These  men  believed  in  some- 
thing. No  man  is  strong  who  has  no  convictions.  The  mas- 
ter opened  and  closed  his  school  with  prayer,  and  if  he  was 
forced  in  the  meantime  to  use  the  switch  or  the  ferule  he  was 
equally  conscientious  in  that.  The  old  minister  who  had  been 
in  his  pulpit  fifty  years  visited  every  school  in  turn  once  each 
term  and  made  a  prayer  before  he  left  them.  The  influence 
upon  the  young  people  was  most  wholesome. 

Then  the  New  Testament  was  a  part  of  the  child's  equip- 
ment when  he  went  to  school,  and  "reading  'round"  was  the 
first  exercise  in  the  morning.  The  Bible  was  something  more 
than  an  ancient  classic,  and  its  stories  more  than  myths  hand- 
ed down  by  tradition.  Fifty  years  ago  a  classmate  of  mine 
was  refused  permission  to  deliver  his  oration  at  commence- 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  207 

merit  because  in  it  he  hinted  that  possibly  the  account  given 
in  Genesis  of  the  creation  is  not  literally  true ;  and  a  reputable 
Ohio  college  refused  young  men  permission  to  study  geology, 
as  it  had  a  tendency  to  make  infidels  of  them. 

John  Adams  taught  the  first  grammar  school  established 
in  Worcester,  Massachusetts.  A  bronze  tablet  in  a  setting 
of  Quincy  marble  marks  the  spot  where  the  old  house  stood. 
"In  his  later  years  he  advised  every  young  man  to1  keep  school 
as  the  best  method  of  acquiring  patience,  self-command  and 
a  knowledge  of  character."  He  once  declared  that  "while 
keeping  school  he  acquired  more  knowledge  of  human  nature 
than  while  he  was  at  the  bar,  in  the  world  of  politics  or  at 
the  courts  of  Europe." 

Fifty  years  later  Daniel  Webster  taught  an  academy  in 
Maine  for  three  years  and  thought  seriously  of  being  a  peda- 
gogue for  life.  With  his  massive  head,  his  commanding  fore- 
head, his  black,  lustrous  eyes,  deep-set  under  shaggy  eye- 
brows, no  wonder  the  children  were  awed  by  his  presence  and 
called  him  "all  eyes."  He  hunted  and  fished;  he  quoted  po- 
etry, and,  after  his  own  fashion,  he  coquetted  with  the  young 
ladies,  although  he  declared  that  he  could  never  calculate  to 
a  certainty  the  value  of  a  dimple,  nor  estimate  the  charm  of 
an  eyebrow.  It  is  today  an  honor  to  the  old-fashioned  school 
master  that  such  men  did  not  despise  the  schoolmaster's 
calling. 

Those  were  days  when  young  men  taught  school  as  a 
part  of  their  education.  Amherst,  Williams,  Dartmouth, 
Bowdoin,  nearly  all  the  eastern  colleges,  had  their  long  vaca- 
tion immediately  after  Thanksgiving,  so  that  the  students 
could  teach  a  winter  term.  Previous  to  the  Civil  War  the 
schools  of  New  England  were  largely  indebted  to  the  college 
students  who  were  accustomed  to  teach  in  them  part  of  each 
year.  From  Maine  to  New  York,  from  Dartmouth  to  Cape 
Cod,  through  the  southern  states,  these  young  men,  these  stu- 


208  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

dents,  earned,  by  their  services  in  the  school-room,  a  living 
and  a  little  to  help  pay  their  college  tuition,  although  Halleck 
tells  us  that 

"The  Virginians  look  upon  them  with  about  as  favorable  eyes" 
As  Gabriel  upon  the  Devil  in  Paradise." 

There  is  sex  in  mind  as  there  is  in  nature.  The  feminine 
mind  and  the  masculine  mind  are  complements  of  each  other. 
This  annual  infusion  of  the  masculine  mind,  together  with  the 
fact  that  these  students  were  accustomed  to  self-exertion  and 
self-reliance,  aided  in  giving  manly  vigor  and  intellectual 
strength  to  the  entire  community.  The  schoolmaster  of  fifty 
years  ago*  drilled  the  army  that  gave  Grant  the  victory  at  Ap- 
pomatox.  Brawny,  brainy  men,  their  work  made  New  Eng- 
land pre-eminent  in  the  councils  of  the  nation.  We  need  this 
vivifying,  stimulating  influence  in  our  schools  today,  and  I 
for  one  know  not  where  to  find  it.  Looking  back  over  the 
lapse  of  fifty  years,  it  seems  to  me  that  the  teachers  of  those 
days  had  the  scholarship  of  brains  rather  than  books;  that 
they  were  accustomed  to  think  sharply  along  all  lines,  and 
exacted  from  their  pupils  a  class  of  work  which  would  not  be 
tolerated  in  our  schools  today.  Pupils  were  required  to  study 
with  a  view  of  getting  the  greatest  discipline  out  of  the  sub- 
ject matter.  They  practiced  vivisection  upon  every  subject 
they  took  up.  In  fact,  I  am  inclined  to  think  that  books  have 
too  large  a  sphere  assigned  them  in  our  modern  culture. 

Pupils  were  taught  to  exhaust  the  means  at  their  com- 
mand. But  few  schools  had  dictionaries  or  encyclopedias  or 
reference  books.  The  text-book  was  their  main  resource,  and 
that  they  mastered.  A  superabundance  of  means  and  helps 
is  like  the  continual  use  of  crutches,  it  makes  the  student  an 
intellectual  cripple  all  his  life.  Lou  Dillon  is  perhaps  no. faster 
stepper  than  Flora  Temple,  only  that  she  has  the  easy  run- 
ing  sulky,  the  rubber  tire,  the  wind  shield,  the  running  mate 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL,.'  '  209 

and  all  the  contrivances  possible  to  force  her  record  down  to 
the  lowest  possible  figures.  But  the  farmer  never  expects  to 
breed  the  useful  farm  horses  from  the  Dillon  stock.  And 
so  I  sometimes  doubt  whether  from  the  heavy,  hot-bed  cur- 
riculum of  today  we  shall  ever  raise  a  race  of  men  like  Daniel 
Webster  or  John  Adams,  or  their  compeers  in  the  more  active 
walks  of  a  strenuous  life.  When  the  present  frenzy  for  the 
greatest  amount  of  work  in  the  least  time  has  run  its  race, 
and  the  educational  pulse  finds  its  normal  condition,  the  old 
time  academy,  with  its  freedom  from  routine,  its  opportuni- 
ties for  individual  work,  will  find  its  ancient  place  in  our  edu- 
cational system. 

And  here  let  me  refer  for  one  moment  to  the  school  of 
fifty  years  ago.  My  mind  goes  back  to  a  little  manufacturing 
village  in  Connecticut.  The  school-house,  neat  and  commodi- 
ous, fitted  up  for  four  teachers,  stood  on  the  village  green. 
There  was  plenty  of  room  for  outdoor  exercises.  It  was  be- 
fore the  wicked  craze  that  there  should  be  no  recess  lest  the 
children  be  corrupted.  There  was  no  course  of  study  and 
little  red  tape;  no  printed  rules  and  regulations,  and  no  "ac- 
credited list^  to  lure  the  too  ambitious  school  to  do  work  far 
beyond  its  resources.  In  the  shadow  of  Yale,  no  professor 
sought  to  tell  us  what  to  do  in  English  or  Latin.  Promotions 
were  unknown  as  a  rule  of  order  and  teachers  and  pupils 
alike  were  unvexed  by  the  spectre  of  term  examinations.  It 
was  simplicity  simplified.  We  worked  forty- four  weeks  in 
a  year  and  thought  our  vacations  were  rather  too  long.  The 
highest  compliment  ever  paid  the  old  school  was  by  one  who 
was  a  school  girl  then,  now  the  mother  of  grown-up  men  and 
women.  "I  tell  my  children  that  the  point  of  failure  with 
them  is  that  they  don't  know  how  to  study.,, 

The  schoolmaster  fifty  years  ago  estimated  very  highly 
"The  Art  of  Study,"  and  he  taught  it  with  the  same  thor- 
oughness and  precision  with  which  he  taught  the  three  R's. 


210  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

"Rake  clean  there,  boy,"  was  the  command  given  to  the  boy 
who  followed  the  cart  in  the  rough  hay  field  of  New  Hamp- 
shire, and  it  was  given  in  the  same  tone  of  voice  with  which 
he  was  sent  toi  his  lessons  in  the  winter  school.  The  practice 
of  "raking  clean"  was  taught  in  those  old  schools  and  might 
well  be  taught  in  those  of  today. 

But  it  is  time  to  stop.  I  am  not  an  optimist;  I  am  not 
a  pessimist.  Between  those  who  mourn  for  the  past  and  those 
who  anticipate  the  future,  there  is  a  middle  ground  for  those 
who  recognize  the  present  as  the  post  of  duty.  And  there — 
old  friend — you  and,  I  have  willingly  taken  our  stand.  The 
fifty  years  which  have  passed  since  you  entered  the  school- 
room have  been  full  of  labor.  The  fruition  is  undoubtedly 
rich,  but  how  rich  none  can  tell.  Yours  has  been  an  unchang- 
ing creed  of  love  and  faith  and  duty  which  you  have  written 
on  the  fleshy  tablets  of  thousands  of  human  hearts.  Comin'g 
to  Iowa  in  pioneer  days,  you  have  built  yourself  into  the  edu- 
cational growth  of  a  great  state.  Surely  today  you,  "The 
Schoolmaster  of  Fifty  Years  Ago,"  may  congratulate  your- 
self and  say,  "I  have  done  what  I  could  for  the  education  of 
my  race." 

RESPONSE. 

By  Professor  Moses  Willard  Bartlett. 

(As  Prof.  Bartlett  came  forward  to  speak,  the  whole 
vast  audience  rose  as  one  man  to  greet  him.) 

I  am  overwhelmed,  and  there  is  no  longer  any  strength 
in  me;  the  magnitude  and  heartiness  of  these  manifestations 
of  appreciation  and  well-wishing  leave  me  no  breath  with 
which  to  express  my  thanks  on  this  occasion.  When  our  presi- 
dent, some  weeks  ago,  suggested  that  the  circumstances  of 
my  life  rendered  it  desirable  that  the  school  should  take  the 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL,  211 

opportunity  to  review  the  educational  history  of  the  past  half 
century,  I  had  no  thought  that  he  was  getting  me  into  such 
a  fix  as  this :  making  me  the  cynosure  of  so  many  eyes,  and 
spoiling  so  much  space  in  the  newspapers.  You  all  doubtless 
have  in  mind  the  well-known  fact  that  a  very  small  object 
placed  near  the  eye  obscures  many  large  objects  at  a  distance. 
I  fear  that  the  position  I  occupy  here  today  throws  other  more 
important  objects  out  of  all  proper  perspective  by  unduly 
magnifying  the  small  part  I  have  been  privileged  to  take  in 
educational  work.  My  friends,  the  program  seems  to  require 
that  I  make  a  response ;  a  response  to  what  ?  I  would  that  I 
could  do  justice  to  the  eloquent  and  inspiring  words  to  which 
we  have  today  listened :  to  the  masterly  handling  of  the  sev- 
eral subjects  announced  on  the  program,  and  the  most  wel- 
come messages  which  friends  of  other  days  have  brought  us. 
But  time  and  ability  are  lacking,  and  a  proper  and  adequate 
response  is  found  only  in  the  hearts  and  thoughts  of  those 
who  have  been  permitted  to  hear. 

I  certainly  appreciate  most  profoundly  the  distinguished 
honor  my  friends  have  conferred  upon  me  in  making  an  inci- 
dent in  my  life,  comparatively  unimportant  in  itself,  except 
to  me  personally,  the  occasion  for  such  a  gathering  of  friends 
as  we  are  privileged  to  meet  here  today ;  and  more  than  that, 
that  they  have  made  it  the  occasion  for  such  a  review  and 
discussion  of  the  past  as  to  render  the  exercises  so  interesting 
and  educationally  valuable.  For  it  is  interesting  and  emi- 
nently proper  that  we  should,  once  in  a  while,  pause  and  take 
account  of  the  way  over  which  we  have  passed,  note  the 
progress  made,  and  the  mistakes  as  well,  and  plan  for  the 
future.  The  position,  however,  in  which  I  here  find  myself 
seems  to  require  that  I  be  more  personal  than  I  would  clesire, 
in  what  I  may  have  to  say. 

Long  service  is  not  in  itself  proof  of  great  things  ac- 
complished.    Of  the  longest   life  mentioned  in   history,   the 


212  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

most  remarkable  thing  recorded  is:  "And  all  the  days  of 
Methuselah  were  960  and  9  years,  and  he  died."  In  less 
than  half  as  many  months  as  Methuselah  lived  years,  many 
a  man  has  accomplished  infinitely  more  of  value  for  himself 
and  for  the  world.  It  takes  some  people  a  very  long  time  to 
accomplish  a  very  little,  and  I  have  thought  it  not  impossible 
that  I  might  belong  to  that  number. 

"We  live  in  deeds,  not  years;  in  thoughts,  not  breaths; 
In  feelings,  not  in  figures  on  a  dial; 
We  should  count  time  by  heart-throbs. 

He  lives  most  who  thinks  most,   feels  the  noblest,  acts  the 
best." 

It  was,  I  think,  in  the  year  1850  that  I  made  choice  of 
my  life-work;  I  was  then  a  boy  of  sixteen,  studying  at  Bath 
Academy,  in  northern  New  Hampshire,  and  was  selected  to 
do  tutoring  in  overflow  classes.  I  became  fascinated  with 
the  work,  and  forthwith  resolved  to  devote  my  life  to  it. 
Not,  however,  until  1853  did  I  find  regular  employment  with 
stated  wages,  when  I  became  pedagogue  in  the  country 
schools  of  that  vicinity,  at  $12.50  a  month,  "boarding  'round." 
Since  that  time  that  work,  with  preparation  for  it,  has  been 
the  employment  of  my  life,  and  I  do  not  recall  a  time  when 
]  have  regretted  my  choice..  The  present  year  is  the  forty- 
seventh  since  I  began  my  work  in  Western  College,  then 
located  in  Linn  county,  Iowa,  but  now  at  Toledo;  and  with 
the  exception  of  three  years  in  Memphis  Academy,  in  Mis- 
souri, I  have  been  constantly  employed  in  the  schools  of  Iowa. 
Nowhere  have  I  found  a  wider,  or  more  productive  field,  no- 
where more  congenial  surroundings,  nowhere  kinder  and 
truer  friends,  or  more  generous  and  helpful  co-laborers  than 
in  Cedar  Falls,  and  in  the  Iowa  State  Normal  School.  And 
it  gives  me  great  pleasure  to  have  this  opportunity  to  testify 
to  the  debt  of  gratitude  I  owe  for  the  many  acts  of  kindness 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  213 

and  good  will  I  have  received  from  those  with  whom  I  have 
here  been  associated.  I  have  not  forgotten,  nor  can  I  soon 
forget,  the  kind  consideration  the  board  of  trustees  have  so 
often  shown  me,  especially  in  times  of  illness,  at  one  time 
rendering  it  possible  for  me  to  rest  and  recuperate  in  a  warmer 
climate." 

It  is  certainly  superfluous  for  me  to  say  in  this  presence 
how  much  I  am  indebted  for  pleasure  and  success  in  my  work 
here  to  my  friends  in  the  faculty,  and  especially  to  our  wise, 
generous-hearted  and  thoughtful  president,  for  the  kindly 
sympathetic  and  helpful  treatment  uniformly  received  at  their 
hands.  It  is  with  a  pang  of  regret  that  I  contemplate  sever- 
ing my  professional  connection  with  such  friends,  and  such 
a  school,  for  it  implies  the  sundering  of  ties  and  relations  that 
have  grown  stronger  and  dearer  with  the  years ;  and  the  lay- 
ing aside  of  a  life-work  of  which  I  have  never  become  tired; 
but  I  feel  that  the  time  approaches  when  this  work  should  be 
entrusted  to  younger  hands. 

I  congratulate  the  trustees  that  they  have  had  the  wise 
foresight  to  give  the  general  direction  of  affairs  into  the  hands 
of  one  who  is  sin-'Seerley'  devoted  to  this  work,  and  who 
never  fails  to  'Se-erly'  that  the  'Wright'  thing  is  done  at 
the  'Wright'  time.  I  have  no  fear  of  being  missed,  when  the 
'Gist'  of  the  faculty  is  left  in  the  English  department;  and 
when  associated  with  him  is  one  who,  in  the  expressive,  but 
scarcely  classic  words  of  the  'colored  brother,'  when  he  wishes 
to  indicate  decided  superiority, — one  who  never  fails  to 
'reach  the;  p'Simmons';  while,  if  you  wish  a  choice  bit  of 
work  done  in  the  English  style,  or  even  in  the  German,  the 
department  can  furnish  a  'Carpenter'  unsurpassed  in  that 
line.  It  is  needless  to  enumerate  other  well-known,  able, 
faithful  and  successful  co-laborers  in  this  English  work,  but, 
though  the  field  is  so  wide,  and  the  subjects  to  be  taught  so 
varied  and  so  difficult,  so  varied  are  the  gifts  of  those  as- 


214  IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

signed  to  this  department,  in  its  different  lines,  that  what- 
ever the  difficulty,  I  am  sure  one  can  he  found  to  'Pierce'  to 
the  root  of  the  trouble. 

When  I  say  I  have  enjoyed  the  work  of  teaching  I  but 
faintly  express  my  meaning.  -The  calling  is  a  grand  one, 
second  to  none  in  importance,  and  capable  of  affording  un- 
limited opportunities  for  labor,  self-development  and  useful- 
ness. Fifty  years  ago  few  men,  and  even  fewer  women, 
thought  of  teaching  as  a  life-work;  it  was  generally  engaged 
in  as  a  makeshift,  or  a  stepping-stone  to  the  law,  or  medicine, 
or  ministry,  or  marriage,  or  other  calling  considered  more 
honorable,  and  probably  more  remunerative.  It  was  thought, 
apparently,  that  no  special  preparation  was  needful,  more 
than  was  found  in  the  ordinary  curricula  of  the  schools  of 
that  day,  and  that  it  answered  a  good  purpose  as  preparative 
for  a  regular  profession.  One  of  the  most  hopeful  steps  in 
educational  progress  is,  that  teaching  has  become  a  profession 
for  both  men  and  women;  a  profession  demanding  high  nat- 
ural qualifications,  physical,  intellectual  and  moral,  and  spe- 
cial preparation,  corresponding  to  that  required  in  other  pro- 
fessions. In  all  probability  half-century  records  will,  in  the 
near  future,  be  not  uncommon  in  this  calling. 

I  am  sure  that  I  voice  the  thought  and  feeling  of  these 
teachers,  students  and  friends  who  have  filled  this  hall  today, 
when  in  their  name  I  return  most  heartfelt  thanks  to  each  and 
all  of  these  speakers  who  have  preceded  me  on  this  occasion, 
for  the  instructive  and  inspiring  messages  they  have  brought 
us;  and,  personally,  I  desire  to  express  my  gratitude  and  deep 
appreciation  for  the  many  kind  and  gracious  words  of  con- 
fidence and  good-will  that  have  come  to  me  here  from  the  lips 
of  those  I  have  known  and  loved — some  of  them  in  years  long 
past.  I  would,  also,  that  my  voice  could  reach  the  ears  of 
other  scores  of  friends,  who,  within  these  few  days,  from 
New  England  to   California,   from   Florida  to  Alaska,   have 


IOWA  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.  215 

sent  by  mail  and  telegram  their  kindly  words  of  appreciation 
and  affection. 

In  the  midst  of  the  trials  and  discouragements  of  life, 
and  we  all  have  them,  nothing  is  more  prized  than  an  assur- 
ance from  those  we  love  and  trust  that  our  efforts  are  appre- 
ciated, and  are  helpful  to  others.  In  all  my  life,  hitherto, 
nothing  has  given  me  more  courage  and  satisfaction,  than 
the  parting  words  of  one  whom  many  of  you  know  as  a  co- 
laborer  in  this  school,  who,  when  grasping  my  hand  in  a  good- 
bye, said,  "Mr.  Bartlett,  I  feel  that  I  am  a  better  man  for 
having  known  you." 

I  have,  during  my  years  of  school  work,  had  connection 
with  public  schools,  academies  and  colleges,  more  than  one  of 
each,  some  of  them  denominational,  but  in  no  other  have  I 
seen  character  count  for  so  much  as  in  the  Iowa  State  Normal 
School.  Twenty-eight  years  of  intercourse  with  such  teachers 
and  such  students  has,  I  am  sure,  given  me  an  added  im- 
pulse toward  the  better  life. 

A  poor  Jew,  it  is  said,  took  great* pride  in  the  fact  that 
he  was,  on  two  or  three  occasions,  permitted  to  help  lift  some 
stones  to  their  place  in  the  foundations  of  Solomon's  temple 
at  Jerusalem,  when  it  was  being  built.  My  friends,  I  have  been 
present  during  the  last  half-century,  while  foundations  for 
many  hundreds  of  human  temples  were  being  laid;  and  if  I 
have  been  fortunate  enough  to  be  permitted  to  help  to  place 
even  one  small  stone  of  value  in  any  one  of  such  temples,  I 
count  it  of  more  worth  than  if  I  had  conceived  and  built  en- 
tire the  most  beautiful  material  edifice  the  world  ever  saw. 


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